In order to explore the influencing factors of cold chain logistics and improve the efficiency of enterprise distribution,this paper analyzes the influencing factors and the relationship between cold chain logistics and distribution in cold chain enterprises,cold products and customers,based on this, the causal relationship diagram of cold chain distribution system and its subsystems is constructed. Taking the chilled meat distribution as an example, the real load rate, the rate of loss of circulation, the timing of delivery rate as a quantitative indicator of distribution efficiency,at the same time,especially taking into account the uncertainty factors of vehicle scheduling, loading and transport .Finally, the system dynamics model of influencing factors of distribution efficiency is constructed. Using the model to carry on the investment analysis, the supply and demand analysis, the cargo analysis, and according to the analysis result put forward the reasonable distribution efficiency promotion strategy.