中小学教师职业压力现状调查及其启示

根据国内外学者编制量表的经验,自行编制中小学教师职业压力现状问卷，对新疆塔城市500名中小学教师进行问卷调查，探讨教师职业现状及其对教师造成的不良影响。结果发现，中小学教师职业压力普遍很大，并且已经影响到教师的健康状况和工作绩效：职业压力对教师健康的不良影响显著地大于对工作的不良影响；不同学校、不同教龄教师的职业压力具有显著性差异。结论：中小学教师职业压力普遍很大。已经影响到教师的健康状况和工作绩效。     

边境中小学教师职业压力与教学成效的相关研究

本研究以压力的认知现象为理论基础,以交互作用理论为依托,运用实证研究方法了解我国西部地区中小学教师所承受的各种压力,以及不同学校、不同教学成效教师在职业压力方面存在的差异,探讨了教师的职业压力与教师成效之间的相互关系.结果表明,所有教师普遍认为教师职业压力大;不同教龄、年龄、学科教师之间压力程度差异不大;不同学校教师之间压力感差异显著;不同教学成效教师之间职业压力差异极显著.     

中小学教师职业心理素质现状与特点研究

为探讨中小学教师职业心理素质的现状与特点,本研究采用问卷法对454名中小学教师进行调查。结果表明,中小学教师的职业承诺、教学效能总体水平较高,职业倦怠总体程度偏低。中小学教师的职业承诺、教学效能、职业倦怠存在显著的学校、性别和教龄差异。教育行政部门、学校领导和中小学教师应积极采取针对性措施提高教师的职业承诺和教学效能,降低职业倦怠水平,以促进中小学教师职业心理素质的不断提高。     

湖南长沙城区初中教师职业认同状况调查

研究通过问卷调查,从职业价值观、角色价值观、职业归属感及职业行为倾向四个构成因子及年龄、性别、学历、职称、教龄五个背景因素考察了湖南长沙城区初中教师的职业认同状况。调查结果表明：该地区初中教师职业认同总体水平较高;不同年龄、职称及教龄教师的职业认同存在显著差异;从各维度看,所调查教师职业价值观水平最高,角色价值观水平最低,其中,不同职称、教龄教师的职业价值观差异显著,不同年龄、性别、职称及教龄教师的角色价值观差异显著,不同职称教师的职业归属感差异显著,各背景因素教师的职业行为倾向均不存在显著差异。     

农村中小学教师职业压力与心理健康的关系

现在教师的心理健康越来越受到人们的关注,认为教师的职业压力是影响心理健康的重要因素。本文采用问卷法对中小学在职教师进行测试,探讨农村中小学教师的职业压力和心理健康的关系。结果发现,学生因素、自我发展因素和职业期望因素在性别上存在显著差异,教师是否教毕业班在学生因素和职业期望因素上有显著差异,教师的工作负荷在学校类别上有显著的差异,自我发展在教龄上存在显著差异,教师职业压力的六个因子与心理健康的十个因子存在显著正相关,工作负荷和自我发展对教师心理健康具有显著预测作用。     

中小学教师职业承诺状况的调查研究

教师职业承诺是教师对其所从事职业的认同及其从事教学、科研工作的意愿。文章整群随机抽取河北省沧州市913名中小学教师作为研究对象,运用《中小学教师职业承诺量表》进行调查,结果发现:当前河北省中小学教师的职业承诺水平较高,其中规范承诺最高,情感承诺和继续承诺次之;中小学教师的职业承诺在年龄、教龄、学校层次、学校类型上存在显著差异,而在性别和任教科目上没有显著差异。     

新课程背景下中小学教师职业压力状况的调查分析

研究目的：考察新课程背景下河北省沧州市中小学教师职业压力的状况,从而为教师心理健康教育和教师管理提供心理学依据。研究方法：采用朱从书等人编制的《中小学教师职业压力问卷》以整群随机取样方式选取沧州市市区和东光县、盐山县公立学校的913名初中和小学教师进行测试,采用SPSS 15.0 for Windows统计软件对数据进行处理与分析。结果：当前沧州市中小学教师的职业压力属中等水平;职业压力的总体状况及其各个维度在性别、教龄、学校层次、学校类型、任教学科、是否班主任等不同方面存在着不同的差异。     

中小学教师职业压力与职业倦怠相关性研究

教师职业压力和职业倦怠会降低教师的教学热情从而进一步影响教育质量的提升。通过对390名中小学教师的调查发现：中小学教师的职业压力位于中等偏高水平,其中社会背景和学业考试压力较高;职业倦怠属中等水平,其中情绪衰竭得分偏高,低成就感其次,去人性化倾向得分较低,三因子间存在两两显著差异;性别、年龄、任教学科和职称显著影响教师的职业倦怠;教师职业压力和职业倦怠各因子之间存在多种复杂的因果关系,各因子的影响程度和影响路径各不相同;社会背景对职业倦怠各因子的预测比较微弱,各因子对低成就感因子的影响比较微弱,职业发展是教师职业倦怠最重要的影响因素。为此要从积极回应教师职业发展诉求、推动教育共同体融合发展、优化学业评价标准和助力教师心理服务体系建设入手,着力改善中小学教师的职业压力和职业倦怠现状。     

中小学教师职业枯竭影响因素研究综述

教师职业枯竭对教师的心理健康、工作和所教学生都可能产生负面影响。了解中小学教师在职业枯竭中的性别、教龄、年龄等人口学因素的差异,可以更好地了解教师职业枯竭状况,并且对社会支持等相关因素的研究能够为中小学教师职业枯竭提出有效对策。     

西藏藏族中小学教师职业认同状况调查

教师职业认同对于教师的工作积极性具有重要的影响作用,本研究采用问卷的方法调查了480名西藏藏族中小学教师,了解职业认同状况并分析其影响因素。结果显示总体上藏族中小学教师职业认同水平较高;教龄、学校所在地、学历和职称会影响到藏族中小学教师的职业认同感。     

浙江省中职电子商务专业课程与教学存在的问题及对策

调查发现,浙江省中职电子商务专业课程设置与高职课程体系趋同,师生对课程设置评价不高,课程设置不合理;专业实践条件不足,理论教学与岗位要求相脱节,教学实效性不高.据此,学校人才培养应该以就业为导向,构建"大商务、小电子"课程模式;以能力为标准,构建模块化课程结构;以工作过程为依据,推进教学改革;以校企合作为支点,建设专兼结合的"双师型"教师队伍.     

The Pedagogical Orientations of South African Physical Sciences Teachers Towards Inquiry or Direct Instructional Approaches

In recent years, inquiry-based science instruction has become widely advocated in science education standards in many countries and, hence, in teacher preparation programmes. Nevertheless, in practice, one finds a wide variety of science instructional approaches. In South Africa, as in many countries, there is also a great disparity in school demographic situations, which can also affect teaching practices. This study investigated the pedagogical orientations of in-service physical sciences teachers at a diversity of schools in South Africa. Assessment items in a Pedagogy of Science Teaching Test (POSTT) were used to identify teachers’ science teaching orientations, and reasons for pedagogical choices were probed in interviews. The findings reveal remarkable differences between the orientations of teachers at disadvantaged township schools and teachers at more privileged suburban schools. We found that teachers at township schools have a strong ‘active direct’ teaching orientation overall, involving direct exposition of the science followed by confirmatory practical work, while teachers at suburban schools exhibit a guided inquiry orientation, with concepts being developed via a guided exploration phase. The study identified contextual factors such as class size, availability of resources, teacher competence and confidence, time constraints, student ability, school culture and parents’ expectations as influencing the methods adopted by teachers. In view of the recent imperative for inquiry-based learning in the new South African curriculum, this study affirms the context specificity of curriculum implementation (Bybee 1993) and suggests situational factors beyond the curriculum mandate that need to be addressed to achieve successful inquiry-based classroom instruction in science.     

Why are teachers afraid of curricular autonomy? Contradictory effects of the new national curriculum in South Korea

Using interview data from secondary teachers, this study examines conflicting perspectives on the effects of the new national curriculum in South Korea, which was intended to grant more autonomy to individual schools and teachers. Contrary to the general belief that teachers want more autonomy to customize their curricula to meet students' needs, this study found that the participating teachers did not welcome the enhanced curricular autonomy nor did they believe it would diversify the school curriculum. The primary causes of this contradiction are the gap between the desired and the granted autonomy, the new national curriculum's negative impact on the relationships among teachers and their job security, and the prevalent credential culture in South Korea. Based on these findings, this study suggests wider implications for curriculum scholars and policymakers in other contexts concerning the nature and effects of teacher autonomy in curriculum development.     

中小学新教师职业倦怠预防策略探讨

刚刚开始教师生涯的中小学新教师,面临来自各方面的压力,也面临产生职业倦怠的危险。本着"防患于未然"的目的,从中小学新教师职业倦怠的影响因素入手,对中小学新教师职业倦怠的预防,提出相关的干预策略。     

GOVERNANCE OF EDUCATION IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA: THE ROLE OF BOARDS OF GOVERNORS

Boards of Governors have been in existence since the early 1970s as part of Papua New Guinea's effort to allow local participation in educational decision-making. This study investigates their role in the governance of provincial high schools in Papua New Guinea. From the findings, lessons that can be learnt by those who are intending to introduce school governance at the individual institution level have been stated. The data were obtained through a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, observation of meetings, and document analysis. Participants included principals, teachers, students and community representatives. In general the Boards are involved in administrative functions only. They are not involved in the main technology of the schools: teaching and learning. It is recommended that consideration be given to delegating some curriculum powers to the Boards. Further, training is required for principals and Board members to strengthen the Boards' effectiveness.     

A teacher competence development programme for supporting students’ reflection skills

The Teachers of Promise study has followed the work histories of 57 primary and secondary teachers who had been identified at the beginning of their third year of teaching as having the potential to make a significant contribution to the profession. Using data from surveys and interviews, this paper reports on what sustained or inhibited their initial commitment to and enthusiasm for ‘making a difference’, six years later, both in the classroom and in broader school leadership roles. Satisfaction with their day-to-day experiences in their schools was a particularly strong driver of teachers’ career decisions over time. Thirty-four teachers responded to survey items that were used to identify three different groups of teachers: a group of 10 primary school teachers with the highest levels of job satisfaction who were ‘fulfilling their promise’; a group of 21 primary and secondary teachers who were ‘persevering and coping’; and three teachers who were ‘detached and disengaged’. The group with the highest levels of job satisfaction taught in primary schools where they felt respected and valued, and supported to develop their teaching and leadership expertise. School leadership practices and school cultures in the other two groups diminished teachers’ overall job satisfaction and contribution to collective knowledge building in their schools. Almost all of the teachers had retained their commitment to students, to their current schools and to teaching as a career, including those with lower levels of satisfaction. Although these teachers reported ‘collegial’ relationships with their peers, individualistic school cultures, most often in secondary schools, impacted on their opportunities to learn with and from their colleagues. Few secondary school teachers felt appreciated, and included in school decision-making or had found it possible to combine high standards of classroom teaching with management responsibilities. The study indicates that while most promising teachers were still satisfied with teaching after nine years, relatively few were in schools where they were able to make the impact that had been predicted for them early in their careers.     

聋校教师的职业倦怠现状与相关因素研究

采用(Maslach)职业倦怠问卷对351名聋校教师进行了职业倦怠状况的测查.结果表明:聋校教师的总体职业倦怠不严重;聋校教师职业倦怠随着整体感觉压力的增大越加严重;是否担任其他职务、每周不同课时数、不同省市、不同教龄、不同职称和不同学历的聋校教师职业倦怠存在显著性差异;不同性别、是否结婚和是否班主任的聋校教师职业倦怠不存在显著性差异.     

谈高职院校如何深化教学改革和推进课程建设——以云南国防工业职业技术学院为例

教学改革提高质量是高职教育总的要求,也是学校内涵发展和高职示范校建设的要求。教改的核心就是通过课程改革与建设来提升学生的岗位能力、提高老师的教学水平、形成学校的质量品牌,因此应从课改与建设的理论基础、教学模式、思路方向及实践方法等方面深化教学改革推进课程建设。     

川渝地区特殊教育学校教师职业幸福感状况及影响因素的研究

以重庆、四川六所特殊教育学校教师为被试,主要采用问卷调查法考察川渝地区特殊教育学校教师的职业幸福感状况及人口学变量对教师职业幸福感的影响.研究发现:川渝地区特殊教育学校教师的职业幸福感整体水平较高;教龄11 - 20年是教师职业幸福感水平最低的阶段;是否为省(市)直属特殊学校是影响教师职业幸福感的重要因素;职称、教师所教学科、所承担教学及月收入对教师职业幸福感没有显著影响;人口学变量对教师职业幸福感各维度影响的交互作用显著.