运动卫生、保健

G804.3 9801126试论体育保健康复中的道德原则=On moralprinciples in sport health care and recovery[刊,中,A]/陈宏星,章红//湖北体育科技.-1997.-16(4).-92-93参4(SML)体育保健//康复//专业//道德//原则随着我国全民健身运动的发展,体育保健康复专业也迅速的兴起和发展.探讨该学科体系中的理论要求和道德原则十分必要.本文从热爱,平等、严谨、完美、协作等五个方面论述了体育保健康复中的道德原则.     

体育保健康复知识在中小学体育教学中的应用研究

采用文献资料等研究方法,以中小学体育教学为切入点,对保健康复知识在中小学的应用进行深入研究发现:保健康复知识纳入到中小学体育教学中去可以丰富教学内容,提升学生兴趣、引导体育课程向更好的方面发展。同时,提出了在体育课堂进行讲授,开设保健康复课程以及把保健康复知识编写到中小学体育教材之中、对体育教师进行相关培训的对策,为保健康复知识在中小学体育课程中的应用提供重要的理论依据。     

对体育保健康复专业建设与发展的思考

本文对体育保健康复专业建设的发展进行了回顾，对体育保健康复专业的现状进行了研究，指出对体育保健康复专业的认识不足、毕业生就业渠道不畅和教学计划的不完善是存在的主要问题。突出专业特色、加强实验、见习和实习基地的建设和加强专业教材的建设是保证体育保健康复专业健康发展的重要措施。     

体育康复保健在治疗大学生电脑综合症中的应用前景研究

通过对大学生每天上网时间、使用电脑时产生的电脑综合症、治疗电脑综合症的各种方法的认可度的调查分析,并结合当今体育康复保健在治疗电脑综合症方面的研究报道,探讨体育康复保健在治疗电脑综合症中的应用前景.本文使用了文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数理统计法.调查结果显示,大学生存在长时间使用电脑的情况,并在由使用电脑引起的躯体反应中有较高的发生率,同时,大学生在体育康复保健治疗电脑综合症方面有较高的认可度.大学生在体育康复保健治疗电脑综合症中较高的认可度表明体育康复保健在治疗电脑综合症中有广阔的发展前景,同时,可以通过体育康复保健措施预防大学生群体电脑综合症的发生,减少使用电脑给大学生身体健康带来的负面影响.     

体育保健康复专业人才的培养目标

体育保健康复是一门与临床医学、康复医学、生物工程学、社会学、教育学等多种学科相结合,以保健与功能康复为主体的体育新学科。它是运用体育科学与医学、康复医学等方面的知识和技能,达到对老弱病残者实施体育保健、功能锻炼、运动训练和治疗,以促使其增强体质,机体的病损与缺陷部分的功能和能力得到代偿、改善和恢复,加速疾病痊愈和康复等目的。因此在体育保健康复专业人才的培养上,应注意以下几方面问题。     

琼台师范高等专科学校体育保健康复专业建设的可行性研究

通过对海南省市县城市进行问卷调查、实地调研发现体育保健康复专业是推动休闲体育、社区体育快速发展的基础,然而,海南省尚未开设此专业,根据现状,探讨琼台师范高等专科学校设立体育保健康复专业的可能性与必要性。     

保健与康复处方对高校体育康复课学生心理的影响

探讨保健与康复处方——《经络刮痧法》结合太极拳练习对普通高校体育康复课学生心理状态——特质焦虑的影响。结果表明：保健与康复处方有利于减轻学生因病痛而带来的焦虑，有利于学生掌握保健与康复的理论、方法和手段，有利于培养学生终身体育的意识，从而为体育保健与康复课的改革提供参考。     

安徽省体育保健康复类技能型人才需求情况的调查与分析

采用文献资料及调查、访谈的方法,对安徽省体育保健康复类的技能型人才需求情况进行了分析。结果显示安徽省体育保健与康复类专业人才的数量与体育事业和康复医学的迅猛发展是不相适应的,在高职高专院校开设体育保健与康复类专业是可行的,并应突出专业特色,培养"体医结合,一专多能"的复合技能型人才。     

高职高专体育保健康复专业实践教学体系的构建研究

实践教学是培养应用型人才的关键,实践教学体系是体育保健康复专业课程体系的重要环节。针对当前高职高专体育保健康复专业对实践教学重视不够的现状,提出了构建体育保健康复专业实践教学体系的基本思路以及具体实施意见。     

高职高专体育保健康复专业实践教学体系的构建研究

实践教学是培养应用型人才的关键,实践教学体系是体育保健康复专业课程体系的重要环节。文章针对当前高职高专体育保健康复专业对实践教学重视不够的现状,提出了构建体育保健康复专业实践教学体系的基本思路,以及具体实施意见。     

Furthering Interpretivism’s Integrity: Bringing Together Ethics and Aesthetics

One important limitation of the current renditions of interpretivism is that its emphasis on the moral dimension of sport has overlooked the aesthetic dimension lying at the core of this account of sport. The interpretivist’s failure to acknowledge and consider the aesthetic implicitly distances this realm from the moral. Marcia Muelder Eaton calls this distancing the separatist mistake. This paper argues that interpretivism presupposes not only moral but also aesthetic principles and values. What it sets out to demonstrate is that interpretivism is an integralist, or nonseparatist, account of sport, one in which ethical and aesthetic values are not exclusive. Making explicit and specifying interpretivism’s combined moral-aesthetic approach to sport not only helps to better distinguish the whole range of values that make up sport as well as their interconnection but also encourages sportspeople to pursue more coherent sport and, thus, more enriching lives.     

Moral thinking,sports rules and education1

The purpose of this study is to resolve ‘moral conflict’ in sport and to present a better approach with respect to right actions for sports participants. While acknowledging that there are many positive values or principles (e.g. Olympism) in sport, some ‘moral conflict’ in sport might still arise and therefore cannot be easily resolved. By introducing Hare's two levels of moral thinking (i.e. intuitive level and critical level), I first clarify the question ‘Why do moral conflicts appear?’ That moral conflicts may arise normally is because people or philosophers tend to think that moral principles ought to be simple and general. In the general situation, it would be fine to follow these kinds of principles when there is no conflicting situation. But in a particular context, there might be a problem. It would be impossible to resolve a conflicting problem if we do not think critically. Second, I suggest that ‘keep the rules’ can be seen as a prima facie principle or duty for sports participants. However, this prima facie principle may not be sufficient or appropriate to resolve the problem of conflict by using the intuitive thinking, since one might face a conflict between ‘keep the rules’ and ‘not to keep the rules’ and s/he cannot select in between. Thus, critical thinking is needed. Third, I try to differentiate critical thinking from intuitive thinking. Critical thinking aims not only to select the best set of prima facie principles for use in intuitive thinking, but also to resolve conflicts between them. So, if we are able to think critically, a prima facie duty sometimes can be overridden by other more important duties (sound and ethical) in a particular situation. However, as not all sports participants are capable enough to think critically, moral education regarding how to develop athletes' ‘critical thinking’ in sport is needed. It may be recommended that virtue ethics play an important role in sport not just through initiating participants into rule‐following but also in cultivating certain dispositions and educating their desires. As it is, what we also need is a good sports education system which can enlighten people toward a better understanding of sport and its values.     

体育道德强度与体育专业大学生比赛中亲-反社会行为的关系:体育道德推脱的中介作用

体育道德强度反映了个体对体育情境中道德事件本身道德性质的认知水平,对于个体在运动中的体育道德行为具有重要影响。研究以568名体育专业大学生(男生307名,女生261名,平均年龄=19.1±1.04)为被试进行问卷调查,通过数理统计检验体育道德强度与体育专业大学生比赛中亲-反社会行为之间的关系和体育道德推脱在体育道德强度与比赛中亲-反社会行为关系中的中介作用。结果显示,体育道德强度与体育专业大学生比赛中的亲社会行为之间存在显著正相关,与比赛中的反社会行为之间存在显著负相关;体育道德推脱对体育道德强度和比赛中亲-反社会行为之间关系均表现出了显著的中介效应。研究表明,体育道德强度一方面直接影响体育专业大学生比赛中的亲-反社会行为,另一方面通过体育道德推脱的中介作用对比赛中的亲-反社会行为产生影响。     

论高校体育保健中的健商理念

体育运动对增进健康的积极作用已毋庸置疑,随着现代社会人们健康意识的不断增强,对体育运动的科学性、合理性也提出了更高的要求,因此体育保健的重要性也日益凸现。大学生作为国家未来建设的支柱,更应注重健康,重视体育保健,但现实情况却不容乐观。健商是健康商数的简称,由整体观念、综合护理、自我保健等方面组成,其理念的提出对高校体育保健教育起到了推动作用。     

初探培养学生执行《体育(与健康)课程标准》的能力

研究与新课程标准相适应的教学模式,教学手段和更新教学方法,做到学术性与师范性相结合,重视学生能力的培养,优化教学内容,优选教学组织形式,强调运动体验,体现运动技能的领域目标,让大部分学生掌握职业训练"双重目标"的各项技能动作,学会科学锻炼身体的方法,是本文的研究方向,并进行了一年的实验教学。     

体育与健康课程学习领域的划分及其逻辑关系

运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,论述了体育与健康课程5个学习领域划分的意义及其之间的逻辑关系。指出应从体育与健康课程的性质出发处理它们之间的关系,结合实际批判了“学生的健康能通过体育与健康课的学习获得”、“各学习领域可以分别教学”、“健康主线的学习与体育主线的学习相脱离”等错误认识,以促进体育主线与健康主线协调发展,保证课程目标的实现。     

Is There a Normatively Distinctive Concept of Cheating in Sport (or anywhere else)?

This paper argues that for the purposes of any sort of serious discussion about immoral conduct in sport very little is illuminated by claiming that the conduct in question is cheating. In fact, describing some behavior as cheating is typically little more than expressing strong, but thoroughly vague and imprecise, moral disapproval or condemnation of another person or institution about a wide and ill-defined range of improper advantage-seeking behavior. Such expressions of disapproval fail to distinguish cheating from many other types of immoral conduct. The discussion shows that we should set the concept aside and assess the moral disapproval implied by claims of cheating by reference to the moral and other principles that underlie the practice of sport. This allows us to consider carefully the complexity of the issues that are raised when allegations of cheating are made and not be distracted by the emotionally loaded, conversation-stopping tendency of the concept. This means that some types of disputes in sport will be messy and demand more effort to resolve, but the payoff will be better informed and more thoughtful discussions and greater awareness of the moral complexity of sport and of its principled underpinnings.     

体育与健康的自然价值

体育与健康是目前体育研究的热门课题.从自然价值角度来认识体育与健康的关系,可以加深理论研究层次,为制定体育实施策略提供理论依据.中国传统体育养生的自然价值主要体现在对人的健康的关注.从健康的自然价值分析中可以看出,医学的价值更多地受制于疾病,而体育的价值更多地影响人的生命状态.健康已经成为体育的自然价值的核心内容,自然科学技术只是体现体育与健康的工具价值.     

The role of sport in community capacity building: An examination of sport for development research and practice

Population health promotion and preventing disease remain important global policy goals. Because of the complex nature of health, and the recognition of the limits of individual-oriented health promotion strategies, recent decades have seen increased interest by public health researchers and practitioners in community-level approaches to health promotion. Increasingly, community-level approaches have been based upon the theoretical concept of community capacity. Community capacity is seen as a critical mechanism for supporting and promoting community-level health and through the sport for development (SFD) model, there is evidence of sport being an important practice for community development. However, little is known about the potential role of sport as a mechanism for building community capacity. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the efficacy of sport to contribute to the process of community capacity building. Using seven established dimensions of community capacity, there is evidence that many SFD practices can effectively facilitate dimensions of community capacity when conducted in intentional, culturally relevant ways. Specifically, sport has demonstrated efficacy in building local skills, knowledge, and resources, increasing social cohesion, facilitating structures and mechanisms for community dialog, leadership development, and encouraging civic participation. More research is needed to understand sport's ability to promote capacity building through collective action, developing value systems that support democracy and inclusion, and encouraging critical reflection. To increase the usefulness of sport to support community health development, SFD principles should be included as part of sport management university curricula. Additionally, practitioners need grounding in community and human development research to support non-sport components of programs. Finally, participatory action research techniques should be used by researchers and practitioners. Sport-based development often generates high interest from residents, funders, and policy makers. By applying principles of community capacity building, sport may be uniquely positioned to enhance sustainable community health development initiatives.     

贵州少数民族传统体育项目分类及价值远景分析

由于贵州特殊的地理环境和人文环境,造就贵州少数民族的多样性、民族文化元素的多样性、民族体育文化特色的多样性。其传统体育项目有竞速类、竞力类、拳械类、棋类、健舞类、游戏类等。它们融健身、娱乐和竞技于一体,在节庆和大赛时充分展示贵州少数民族体育的特色和精神风貌。在"四在农家"创建活动中,贵州少数民族传统体育文化附载新的理念和内涵,它对推动贵州旅游产业、民族体育文化、竞技运动以及全民健身活动的蓬勃发展起着重要的促进作用。