多孔SiGe／Si异质材料微腔的结构设计与制备

提出了采用多孔SiGe／Si异质多层结构来获得布拉格反射镜方法．首先采用传输矩阵方法设计了多孔SiGe／Si异质材料微腔结构,并通过超高真空化学气相沉积与电化学阳极腐蚀相结合的方法实验制备了两种结构的微腔,同时对微腔进行光学性质表征,并详细讨论了实验结果．     

冷冻干燥法制备多孔生物活性玻璃陶瓷

以纳米级45S5生物玻璃粉体为原料,采用冷冻干燥法,以丙三醇(甘油)、聚乙二醇为分散剂,制备多孔生物陶瓷材料。实验结果表明:通过冷冻铸造法制备的复合陶瓷呈薄层状结构,在950℃下烧结的材料能保持多孔形貌,但是孔隙分布不均匀,大多为2-10μm的微孔,由阿基米德排水法测得的孔隙率知道孔隙在60%以上,孔径内部连通性良好;1 050℃下生物玻璃粉体出现玻璃软化,冻干胚体经烧结出现塌陷,微孔消失,孔径的连通性较差,大多数孔隙为不连通的半开孔。高温烧结定向多孔结构陶瓷胚体,温度高于1 000℃生物玻璃发生软化难以保持材料的定向多孔结构。生物玻璃粉体烧结多孔陶瓷的温度为950℃。     

多孔陶瓷管式露点间接蒸发冷却器的设计计算

为了提高管式间接蒸发冷却器壁面的亲水性,提出了一种采用多孔陶瓷材料的新方法.该方法将多孔陶瓷材料与蒸发冷却技术有机结合,从一次空气风量和二次空气风量、一次空气状态参数和二次空气状态参数、冷却器结构、固体多孔陶瓷管的传热以及冷却器阻力等方面对多孔陶瓷管式露点间接蒸发冷却器进行了设计计算.计算结果表明该设计合理可行.最后,依据设计制作出多孔陶瓷管式露点间接蒸发冷却器.     

高分子生物材料的组织工程支架成形方法

多孔支架是组织工程的重要要素,高分子材料是制作支架的主要材料。而快速成形技术以其复杂形状成形能力、可控的连通孔造孔能力成为组织工程支架制备的一种崭新方法。讨论了组织工程对支架性能的要求,介绍了常用高分子材料作为支架主要特性以及相关的成形方法。通过与传统支架制备方法的对比,阐述了快速成形技术的优势。     

多孔阳极氧化铝研究综述

多孔阳极氧化铝由于其在制备纳米结构材料方面的重要应用而引起了人们的广泛关注．一般认为：多孔阳极氧化铝多孔层的膜胞以六角形紧密堆积排列，每个膜胞中心都有一个纳米级的微孔，孔径大小和孔间距可以通过制备条件加以控制．文章综述了多孔阳极氧化铝的结构、合成、形成机理和应用等方面的研究现状。     

多孔尖晶石型锰钴氧化物的制备和催化性能

为获得高效催化还原对硝基苯酚的锰钴氧化物催化剂,以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为模板,采用硬模板法制备了具有三维有序大孔结构的尖晶石型锰钴氧化物(MnCo₂O₄)。运用X射线粉末衍射仪、全自动物理吸附仪、扫描电子显微镜及紫外-可见分光光度计等对催化剂的结构和形貌进行表征,并研究其对硼氢化钠还原对硝基苯酚反应的催化性能。结果表明,多孔MnCo₂O₄催化剂具有立方晶相结构,其三维有序大孔孔径均一,比表面积达到65.7 m²/g;与体相MnCo₂O₄和其他贵金属催化剂相比,多孔MnCo₂O₄催化剂表现出更优异的催化活性,对硝基苯酚还原的反应速率常数可达6.59×10^-2s^-1。多孔MnCo₂O₄催化剂在5次重复利用后对硝基苯酚的转化率仍高达90%以上。     

骨组织免疫组织化学染色特点及其质量控制

为了建立骨组织的制片与免疫组织化学染色的标准化实验方法,达到免疫组织化学检测的质控要求,详细介绍了骨组织的取材、固定、脱钙、切片、免疫组织化学和TUNEL染色及其质量控制环节。用此法制备的免疫组织化学切片具有阳性结果呈颗粒状的棕黄色,定位准确,对比明显,背景浅,组织结构与细胞轮廓完整、清晰,适合显微照相以及染色结果稳定可靠,特异性强、敏感性高。该方法可作为骨组织的制片与免疫组织化学的标准化实验方法应用。     

Design procedure for thin three-layer plates made of a depleted material

The efficiency of a long-span structure relies on how material is locally distributed within a fixed structural shape. In this paper a design procedure for thin plates made of three layers of a depleted material subject to a distributed vertical load is proposed. The investigation is driven by the idea of the optimal material organization and has the objective of maximizing the overall stiffness/weight ratio of the structure. Two microstructural architectures of the media are considered: a porous solid structure and a truss arrangement. For each type of microstructure the flexural stiffness has been correlated to the level of depletion by the use of a power law function by setting very few parameters. Finally, invoking the principles of structural homogenization theory, the global flexural response of the plate has also been calculated. The validity of the method is demonstrated by comparing the analytical results with those obtained by a numerical finite element simulation of the structure based on a detailed model of the media.     

排水性沥青混凝土设计

多孔式排水沥青碎石路面能有效防止反射裂缝的发生,并且能够雨天迅速排除路面积水,同时因为结构形式的特殊性,多孔式排水沥青碎石路面能减轻行车噪音,减少夜间行车路面反光,提高行车安全.     

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Micro-Structured Porous Silicon Film

Mechanical properties of micro-structured porous silicon film (PS) were studied combining X-ray diffraction with micro-Raman spectroscopy. The micro-structured porous silicon samples with different porosities ranging from 30.77% to 96.25% were obtained by chemical etching. Lattice parameters of the samples were measured using X-ray diffraction and its maximal change is up to 1.0%. This lattice mismatch with the bulk silicon substrate may introduce residual stress to the porous film. The residual stress measurement by micro-Raman spectroscopy reveals that the maximum of tensile residual stress has reached GPa level in the porous film. Moreover, the lattice mismatch and its corresponding residual stress are increasing with the porosity of PS, but average elastic modulus is about 14.5 GPa, one order of magnitude lower than that of substrate Si. The mechanical properties of PS have aclose relation with its micro-pore structure.