Ni-Mo_2N/NF的制备及其电催化析氢活性

采用简单、高效的方法,成功制备了应用于碱性介质电催化制氢的Ni-Mo_xN_y/NF电极,对其进行XRD、SEM、TEM和XPS表征,并系统研究了该电极的电催化析氢性能。结果表明:产物的相组成物为单质Ni、Mo_2N及Mo_5N_6。控制工艺条件,可制备出性能最佳的相结构为Ni-Mo_2N,Mo_5N_6的含量增加不能提高产物的性能;性能最佳试样的显微形貌呈现纳米棒状,Ni(111)与Mo_2N(200)构成的异质结构界面赋予材料优异的电催化析氢性能,在碱性电解质中,10 mA/cm~2下析氢过电位达21 mV,接近20%Pt/C电极(18 mV),Tafel斜率为39.9 mV/dec。电极的优异性能既来源于高电化学活性面积,也来源于其高本征活性,跻身当前性能最佳的非贵金属催化材料,为非贵金属碱性析氢电催化材料的研发提供了新思路。     

控制电位脉冲电沉积法制备镍析氢电极

采用控制电位脉冲电沉积法制备Ni电极,并在25％NaOH溶液中通过阴极极化曲线表征其催化析氢活性．探讨了脉冲限制电位及脉冲电流密度对电沉积的影响和电沉积制备Ni电极的适宜制备条件．结果显示：脉冲电位上限为-0．8V,脉冲电位下限为-1．8V,电流密度在53mA·cm^-2时制备的Ni电极具有最高的催化析氢性能．     

节能镍硫活性阴极的研究

研究了用化学吸附硫法制备节能镍硫活性阴极的最佳条件及该电极的电性能。在相同条件下,这种活性阴极的析氢过电势比铁阴极低190～250mV(i=130～200mA/cm^2)。结果表明：这种活性阴极的电化学性能稳定,具有抗铁杂质干扰能力。     

协同Ni3N/Ni异质结构核和超薄Ni3N表面壳实现自适应的表面重构和高效析氧

寻找高活性、碱性稳定且具有极低过电位的非贵金属基析氧反应(OER)催化剂有巨大的价值,但由于OER缓慢的动力学,使其商业化面临相当大的挑战.本文中,我们通过一种自适应的表面重构方法设计了一种强耦合核壳纳米结构的预催化剂.该预催化剂由内部生长的Ni3N/Ni异质结构核和超薄Ni3N壳(Ni3N/Ni@Ni3N)组成,通过逐步的热氮化路径合成.Ni3N/Ni@Ni3N样品在电流密度10 mA·cm-2下展现出超低的过电位(229 mV),其在过电位270 mV下,电流密度为单独的Ni3N、Ni以及商业RuO2催化剂的17,37和20倍,同时具有较低的塔菲尔斜率(55 mV·dec-1).在OER过程中,Ni3N/Ni@Ni3N样品的表面发生了重构,生成了高活性的NiOOH.原位拉曼光谱和非原位电子显微镜的研究证实了这一点.密度泛函理论(DFT)计算结果表明,NiOOH到Ni3N的界面电子转移产生了带正电的Ni阳离子,大大降低了 OER中间产物吸附/脱附的能垒.     

微米花状NiFe-LDH的制备及其析氧性能研究

以层状双金属氢氧化物为基础,采用简单的水热合成法制备一系列二元NiFe-LDH催化剂。利用XRD、SEM和极化曲线等测试了系列催化剂的晶体结构、形貌和析氧活性。相比于单一的Ni(OH)₂催化剂,优化制备的NiFe-LDH-1具有最佳的OER活性,达到10 mA·cm^-2和100 mA·cm^-2的电流密度时,NiFe-LDH-1所需的过电位为218 mV和264 mV,Tafel斜率为36.3 mV·dec^-1,同时该催化剂拥有优异的催化稳定性。     

不锈钢基底上铱的电沉积

制备了不锈钢镀铱电极，研究了其在酸性介质中的析氢电催化性能，通过含铅与不含铅镀层析氢性能的比较及测定镀层中铅元素的电子结合能数值，初步研究了Pb^2 离子对镀层性能及电沉积过程的作用，并观察了电极的表面形貌。     

高效电催化分解水纳米棒状FeP材料的制备

近年来,在电催化反应能量转化技术中开发稳定高效的非贵金属基催化剂引起了人们的广泛关注。过渡金属磷化物(TMPS)是析氢反应(HER)和其他能量转换技术有前途的选择。提出了一种简便的制备磷化铁纳米棒材料的策略,所得纳米材料在碱性电解液(1M KOH)中,在相对较低的过电位下具有良好的制氢活性和良好的稳定性。因此,本研究为过渡金属磷化物设计与构建提供了一条可行的、更通用的途径。     

稀土La掺杂的Ti/& nanoTiO2膜电极的制备及电催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸丁酯为原料制备Ti基TiO2膜电极,制得稀土La掺杂的Ti/La2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极。运用XRD,SEM,CV等方式对所制得的掺杂电极进行了表征,XRD测试结果表明Ti/La2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极组分晶型均为锐钛矿型,颗粒粒径约为20nm。 SEM形貌显示Ti/La2O3-nanoTiO2电极表面颗粒比较均匀,颗粒尺寸约在10~15 nm之间。通过循环伏安法研究了Ti/La2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极在无机相HCl溶液中以及有机相马来酸溶液中的电催化还原活性。结果表明：在两种溶液中,稀土离子掺杂改性后的Ti/La2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极与空白Ti/nanoTiO2膜电极相比,电催化活性明显增强,并且该方法制备的电极电催化稳定性高。     

变色酸2R修饰玻碳电极检测对乙酰氨基酚

采用电化学聚合法将变色酸2R聚合物修饰到玻碳电极上,制备了P2R/AGCE修饰电极,检测了P2R/AGCE修饰电极的电化学特性和P2R/AGCE修饰电极对对乙酰氨基酚药物的电催化性能.结果表明:变色酸2R增大了电极的比表面积,显著改善了玻碳电极的电化学性能,提高了电极的导电性.P2R/AGCE修饰电极的灵敏度高、检出限低、电催化能力强、重现性好.在最佳测试条件下,氧化峰峰电流与对乙酰氨基酚浓度在0.01～0.20 mol/L间存在良好的线性关系,检出限8.273×10-9mol/L(S/N=3∶1).在同样的最佳测试条件下,检测了实际样品中的对乙酰氨基酚含量,其回收率为95.0%～98.8%.     

Ti/Pr_2O_3-nanoTiO_2膜电极的制备及电催化活性

用溶胶-凝胶法在Ti基表面修饰一层的TiO2膜和稀土Pr掺杂的TiO2膜,分别制得空白Ti/nanoTiO2膜电极和Ti/Pr2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极。XRD测试表明Ti/Pr2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极组分晶型为锐钛矿,颗粒粒径计算为15.8 nm。SEM测试形貌表明Ti/Pr2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极表面颗粒尺寸在10~15 nm之间,无团聚,颗粒均匀分布。循环伏安法探究了空白Ti/nanoTiO2膜电极和Ti/Pr2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极分别在无机相H2SO4溶液和有机相DMF溶液中电催化还原活性。结果表明:在两种溶液中,Ti/Pr2O3-nanoTiO2膜电极与空白Ti/nanoTiO2膜电极相比,电催化活性在无机和有机相中分别增强3.0倍和2.8倍,并且该方法制备的电极电催化稳定性高。     

锌掺杂Ti/SnO_2/Sb_2O_3电极的制备及性能研究

采用高温热氧化方法制备了锌掺杂Ti/SnO2/Sb2O3电极电催化电极,对Zn含量不同的电极进行研究,并探究新电极在工业上的应用。结果表明,Sn、Sb和Zn元素不同摩尔比（1：0.1：0、1：0.1：0.000 1、1：0.1：0.001、1：0.1：0.005）中比例为1：0.1：0.005的电极的电催化活性最高,分形维数为2.64,该电极对工业废水中污染物苯酚具有一定降解作用。     

二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫催化剂NiMo/Al2O3和NiMo/AC的对比研究

通过N2吸附、X-射线衍射（XRD）和程序升温还原（TPR）等技术对载体和相应催化剂进行表征,考察了NiMo/Al2O3和NiMo/AC催化剂的加氢脱硫性能.结果表明,催化剂NiMo/AC上活性组分在载体活性炭表面高度分散,且活性组分与载体之间的相互作用较弱,催化剂表面的Ni,Mo活性相易于还原.在相同活性评价条件下,当以NiMo作为活性组分时,以氧化铝为载体的催化剂活性在低温时高于以活性炭为载体的催化剂,在较高温度时,两者活性相差不大.     

Electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide at a waxed graphite electrode modified with platinum-decorated carbon nanotubes

Platinum-decorated carbon nanotubes(CNT-Pt) were produced by the chemical reduction method. A novel modified electrode was fabricated by intercalated CNT-Pt in the surface of waxed graphite,which provided excellent electrocatalytic activity and selectivity for both oxidation and reduction of hydrogen peroxide. The current response of the modified electrode for hydrogen peroxide was very rapid and the detection limits in amperometry are 2.5×10-6 mol/L at reduction potential and 4.8×10-6 mol/L at oxidation po...     

Mo_2N与CoMo／（TiO_2－Al_2O_3）催化剂加氢脱硫与加氢脱氮催化

本文在同一条件下分别测试了硫化态的催化剂ＣｏＭｏ／（ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）及氨化态的Ｍｏ２Ｎ催化剂的加氢脱硫和加氢脱氮性能，结果表明，对于噻吩的加氢脱硫反应，硫化态催化剂ＣｏＭｏ／（ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）在催化活性及稳定性方面都优于Ｍｏ２Ｎ，而Ｍｏ２Ｎ在吡啶的加氢脱氮反应中显示了较大优势．     

Effects of doping Fe and Al on microstructure and electrochemical characteristics of Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys

The Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys Mg2Ni, Mg2Ni0.7Fe0.3 and Mgl.7Alo.3Ni were successfully synthesized by a two-step process （sintering and ball milling）. The crystal structure and microstructure were examined by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope and Malvern particle size analyzer. New phase appears in the tripe alloys doped with A1 and Fe, and the particle size ranges from 3μm to 5 μm. The electrochemical performance studies indicate that the partial substitution of AI for Mg, and Fe for Ni significantly improve the cycle life, reversibility of hydrogen absorption and desorption. The diffusion process is the control step in the electrode reaction of hydrogen storage alloys.     

有序度对Ni4Mo合金在氢气中脆性的影响

The fracture behavior of disordered and ordered Ni4Mo alloy was investigated by tensile tests in hydrogen gas or during hydrogen charging. The results show that the ductility of the disordered alloy decreased slightly with the hydrogen pressure increasing, while that of the ordered alloy decreased rapidly with the hydrogen pressure increasing. However, the ductility of both disordered and ordered alloys reduced similarly seriously with the charging current density increasing. Therefore, the mechanism of order-induced embrittlement of Ni4 Mo alloy in hydrogen gas is supposed to be that atomic order accelerates the kinetics of the catalytic reaction for the dissociation of molecular H2 into atomic H.     

Novel Pt–Ni Bimetallic Catalysts Pt(Ni)–LaFeO3/SiO2 via Lattice Atomic-Confined Reduction for Highly Efficient Isobutane Dehydrogenation

In this study, a series of novel Pt-Ni bimetallic catalysts supported on LaFeO_3/SiO_2 with different amounts of Ni were prepared by the lattice atomic-confined reduction of LaFe_(1-x)(Ni, Pt)_xO_3/SiO_2 perovskite precursors and applied in isobutane dehydrogenation to isobutene reaction. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, H_2-temperature-programmed reduction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, CO chemisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The as-synthesized Pt-Ni bimetallic catalysts possessed smaller most probable particle size with tunable Pt-Ni interaction, depending on the Ni content. The catalyst with Ni content of 3.0 wt% showed excellent activity and stability(the isobutane conversion and isobutene selectivity remained at about 38% and 92%, respectively, after 310 min) for the isobutane dehydrogenation reaction. It also provided approximately six times turnover frequency of the catalyst without Ni. The excellent activity and stability of the 3.0 wt% Ni-containing catalyst can be attributed to its small metal nanoparticles with high dispersion and suitable Pt-Ni interaction. Moreover, the Pt(Ni)-LaFeO_3/SiO_2 catalyst with Ni content of 3.0 wt% had been run for more than 35 h without obvious loss of activity,indicating its long-term stability, and the decrease in the Pt-Ni interaction that accompanied the formation of the FeNi alloy phase was thought to be responsible for the slight decrease in activity.     

配合物{[Ni(Phen)_3]·L·(OH)}的合成及其晶体结构

以邻菲罗啉(Phen)和邻氨基苯磺酸为配体,与硝酸镍利用水热合成法合成标题配合物{[Ni(Phen)3]·L·(OH)}(L=邻氨基苯磺酸阴离子)。通过红外光谱和元素分析对标题配合物进行结构表征,X-射线单晶衍射结果表明,标题配合物的分子式为:C42H31O4N7SNi,Mr=788,属单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,晶胞参数:a=23.119?,b=15.792?,c=25.040?,β=111.2°,V=8523.3?3,Z=8,R1=0.0808,ωR2=0.2447。标题配合物由一个配阳离子[Ni(Phen)3]2+,一个邻氨基苯磺酸阴离子和一个氢氧根离子组成。在配阳离子中,中心Ni(II)与三个phen分子的六个氮原子配位,形成六配位的八面体构型。配阳离子通过静电引力与阴离子结合。化合物分子间通过氢键和Phen环π-π堆积作用形成三维结构。