计算流体力学在设施农业的应用

本文对计算流体力学(CFD)软件进行了简介,较为全面地介绍了国内外CFD软件对温室环境和畜禽舍环境模拟应用的研究现状及方法,对CFD使用的方法进行了分析,该软件模拟结果可对温该室及畜舍的建筑结构优化、环境参数的研究提供指导,指出在CFD模拟的过程中,对CFD模拟的验证是至关重要的.目前还没有一个统一的标准对模拟结果进行验证,本文在总结CFD软件实际应用方法的基础上,提出用粒子图像速度场仪(PIV)测试对CFD模拟的结果进行验证的方法.     

气体泄漏扩散规律验证实验平台开发

开发了一个气体泄漏扩散规律验证的教学实验平台。平台由风场模拟模块、气体泄漏模块、数据采集模块及对应的计算流体力学(CFD)模型所组成,可开展多种工况下的气体泄漏扩散规律验证实验。在教学实验中开展不同工况的泄漏实验及CFD数值模拟,对实验采集的气体浓度数据与数值模拟结果进行对比分析。应用效果表明,该平台有助于学生直观地认识气体泄漏扩散规律,并为理解CFD方法在定量风险评估中的应用及其有效性提供了便捷途径。     

CFD数值模拟在计算流体力学项目驱动实践教学中的应用

计算流体力学是热能动力工程等相关专业的学科基础课。结合计算流体力学课程的教学内容与特点,探讨了将CFD数值模拟技术引入到项目驱动实践教学中的教学方法,并以Fluent仿真软件为例,描述了CFD数值模拟技术在计算流体力学项目驱动实践教学中的具体应用案例。     

CFD数值模拟课程的教学研究与实践

本文结合CFD数值模拟教学与实践经验,讲述了流体动力学分析的原理和具体的数值模拟方法,并运用流体模拟软件Fluent对某摩托车行驶过程中的流场进行模拟分析。     

CFD在本科教学中的应用——以传热学为例

本文通过对导热、对流、辐射三种传热现象分别进行CFD模拟,直观展示传热规律,对传热学理论教学形成有益补充.教学实践表明CFD模拟能有效增强学生学习传热学的兴趣,并提高其主动性和创造性.     

CFD数值模拟在调节阀中的试验分析

综述了CFD数值模拟在调节阀中的应用,对某一广泛应用的套筒型调节阀应用三维建模软件内部流场建立模型,通过前处理器生成计算网格,应用CFD软件中的k-ε模型进行求解,得到调节阀内部流场的压力和速度的可视化图形。     

利用CUDA加速流体计算

计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）是利用计算机和离散化的数值方法对流体力学问题进行数值模拟和分析。CFD是进行传热、传质、动量传递及燃烧、多相流和化学反应研究的核心和重要技术,     

基于CFD的FSAE赛车操纵性数值模拟及验证

利用CFD技术进行赛车设计,对中国大学生方程式汽车大赛(FSAE)赛车的车身及空气动力学套件(主要是尾翼)进行数值模拟分析,根据数值模拟结果优化赛车的操纵性。根据现场试验与模拟结果进行的对比,验证了数值模拟分析结果的准确性,为赛车和汽车的开发设计提供了依据。     

甲烷爆炸实验教学的数值模拟设计与实践

该文基于CFD代码GASFLOW-MPI建立了20 L球型爆炸罐的数值模型,以一步甲烷燃烧反应化学模型为基础,考虑换热对爆炸的影响,研究了6%～15%不同浓度下甲烷爆炸的压力特性曲线及温度场变化,定量分析了热损失对甲烷爆炸特征参数的影响。将数值模拟结果与实验结果进行的对比验证表明,基于CFD代码GASFLOW-MPI的数值模拟结果能够准确复现甲烷爆炸实验过程,证明了甲烷爆炸过程中热量传递对爆炸过程产生的重要影响。     

基于CFD的双导轮液力变矩器流场模拟与试验研究

目的:针对双导轮液力变矩器两个导轮依次空转的仿真难点,提出一种导轮无叶片处理的CFD数值模拟方法,以便正确获取双导轮液力变矩器内部流场。方法:借助Solidworks对自行设计的双导轮液力变矩器进行流道模型抽取,采用导轮无叶片法模拟导轮变相点后的空转工况,利用ANSYS Meshing进行网格划分,得到3种全流道网格模型。运用ANSYS Fluent进行CFD数值计算,模拟转速比i=0.6中速工况下的流场特征。在液力变矩器试验台上进行样机的台架试验,得到其原始特性曲线。结果:CFD数值模拟能够准确预测双导轮液力变矩器的原始特性,仿真结果与试验结果较为吻合。泵轮与涡轮入口到出口的速度与压力变化趋势相反,两个导轮的速度与压力变化相对较小。结论:采用CFD数值计算并结合导轮空转无叶片法能够较好地预测双导轮液力变矩器的流场特性,为进一步优化设计提供理论参考。     

Thermal optimization of a totally enclosed forced ventilated permanentmagnet traction motor using lumped parameter and partial computational fluid dynamics modeling

In this study, we present a thermal optimization method using the overall lumped parameter (LP) and partial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling for a 600-kW permanent magnet traction motor developed for high-speed trains. The motor is totally enclosed forced ventilated to achieve high power density, high efficiency, and low maintenance requirements. Considering the electro-magnetic performance, bogie space, and thermal capacity, we propose a ventilation structure with zigzag plates in sector cross-section. We focus particularly on the ventilation channels and propose an overall LP model for thermal optimization, in which the full consideration of the influence of turbulent flow is given by using a partial CFD model. Given the specific critical parameters from the optimization results, we present a complete 3D CFD model of the whole motor to obtain an accurate temperature distribution and the maximum temperature rises in local points. The benefit of zigzag plates is studied extensively using both the LP and the complete CFD models and the results are verified by equivalent thermal experiments under rated operations. Experimental results indicate that the ventilation structure fulfills the normal operational demands of high-speed trains by improving thermal performance by more than 15%. Additionally, we propose an engineering method to estimate iron loss constraint with the complete CFD model to guide the control system design.     

Numerical analysis on aeolian vibration of transmission lines with Stockbridge dampers

We used computational fluid dynamics （CFD） and mode superposition method instead of the energy balance method to compute transmission line aeolian vibrations induced by the Karman vortex. Firstly, we obtained the wind power inputs using CFD theory. The result is effective for aeolian vibration analyses compared with the power which were measured in wind tunnel tests. Then a new aeolian excitation was derived using the wind power equivalent principle, and the aeolian vibration distribution along transmission lines and the wind power input obtained by CFD can be account. Secondly, we formulated the motion equation of a conductor-damper system and derived a semi-analytial solution using the mode superposition method. The Stockbridge-type dampers attached were simplified to the forces transmitted by the clamps. Finally, the semi-analytical solution can be solved by iterative methods. Taking a 1 000 kV Ultra High Voltage transmission line as an example, we analyzed the line with and without dampers by the semi-analytical solution. Compared with the results which were computed by the energy balance method, the semi-analytical solution is precise enogh for aeolian vibration analyses. Besides, we also analyzed the influence of damper position and quantity.     

混流式水轮机主要过流部件设计概要

设计性能优良的过流部件是水轮机设计的一项重要内容.本文以混流式水轮机为例,概述了主要过流部件基本设计思想,并说明在过流部件设计方案中引入CFD进行分析,能较快地实现设计目标,并可以从CFD给出的分析结果中拓展设计思路,探索新的设计方法.     

Evaluating the effect of midpalatal corticotomy-assisted rapid maxillary expansion on the upper airway in young adults using computational fluid dynamics

Midpalatal corticotomy-assisted rapid maxillary expansion(MCRME)is a minimally invasive treatment of maxillary transverse deficiency(MTD)in young adults.However,the effect of MCRME on respiratory function still needs to be determined.In this study,we evaluated the changes in maxillary morphology and the upper airway following MCRME using computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Twenty patients with MTD(8 males,12 females;mean age 20.55 years)had cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)images taken before and after MCRME.The CBCT data were used to construct a threedimensional(3 D)upper airway model.The upper airway flow characteristics were simulated using CFD,and measurements were made based on the CBCT images and CFD.The results showed that the widths of the palatal bone and nasal cavity,and the intermolar width were increased significantly after MCRME.The volume of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx increased significantly,while there were no obvious changes in the volumes of the oropharynx and hypopharynx.CFD simulation of the upper airway showed that the pressure drop and maximum velocity of the upper airway decreased significantly after treatment.Our results suggest that in these young adults with MTD,increasing the maxillary width,upper airway volume,and quantity of airflow by MCRME substantially improved upper airway ventilation.     

计算流体力学软件在汽车气动问题研究中的应用

汽车在行驶过程中受到空气的作用力,会对汽车运动产生影响。汽车气动特性的研究是汽车设计研发的重要内容,随着计算机技术与数值计算方法的发展,计算流体力学（CFD）在汽车气动特性的研究中得到日益广泛的应用,特别是各类计算流体力学商业软件使其参与工程设计成为可能。文章在介绍计算流体力学的基础上,结合实例对计算流体力学软件在汽车气动问题研究中的应用进行了探究。     

CFD在“汽轮机原理”课程教学中的应用

提出将CFD引入“汽轮机原理”的教学中,通过CFD强大的图形后处理功能,形象、直观地展示汽轮机通流部分流体参数变化,改善多媒体教学方法。以汽轮机原理的核心内容“级的工作原理”为例,展示了CFD应用于级内流场的讲授过程,以图形结果形象地解释了级内流体的压力、速度、速比及反动度等参数变化规律。CFD的引入能够丰富多媒体教学资源,提高教学效果,激发学生科研兴趣。     

CFD analysis of a transfer matrix of exhaust muffler with mean flow and prediction of exhaust noise

A multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach was proposed in this study aiming to calculate the transfer matrix of an engine exhaust muffler in the conditions with and without mean flow. The CFD model of the muffler with absorptive material defined as porous zone was calibrated with the measured noise reduction without mean flow, and was further employed to study the effect of the mean flow on the acoustic performance of the muffler. Furthermore, the exhaust acoustical source was derived from the calculated transfer matrices of six different additional acoustic loads obtained by the proposed CFD approach as well as the measured tail noise based on a multiload least squares method. Finally, the exhaust noise was predicted based on Thevenin??s theorem. The proposed CFD approach was suggested to be able to predict the acoustic performance of a complex muffler considering mean flow (without and with mean flow) and heat transfer, and provide reasonable results of the exhaust noise.     

多台室外空冷冷凝器间的气流扰动研究

为了达到高效的制冷与制热效果,通过建立以多孔介质渗流力学为基础的计算流体动力学模型（CFD）来研究室外机与环境空气的换热过程,以获得室外机的合理布置方式;同时在实验室建立等尺度的室外机物理模型进行测试,获得了比较吻合的速度和温度分布结果,验证了CFD模拟方法的准确性.然后应用数值模拟方法分析不同布置方案下室外机的进风温度,优化了实际工程中3台室外机成直线布置时的合理间距：相邻2台机组之间的最小距离须大于0.2m,机组主要进风侧面与其周围高于机组的竖直墙面的极限间距为0.8m;风机动力相差较大的室外机相邻布置时,其中风机压差较大的室外机不会影响其他机组的进风量和换热量.     

Modelling and verification of a new Roots blower profile based on analysis of performance of different leaf contour

The rotor of a Roots blower is the key component relating to its capability, so the profile design of the rotor in a Roots blower is extremely important. We focused on the modelling and verification for a novel Roots blower tooth profile based on the performance analysis. By comparing the area utilization coefficient and the ratio of several traditional rotor profiles, we proposed a new rotor profile. Then, we further accomplished the mathematical modelling of the proposed rotor profile and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, and obtained the Roots blower outlet flow monitoring curves. Finally, we verified the characteristics by a physical experiment.