李商隐无题诗的比兴寄托

比兴寄托是我国古代诗歌的重要特色和优良传统,《诗经》中就已广泛地运用了比兴。屈原发展了《诗经》的比兴手法,使比兴从简单的以某物比某物或触物起兴的朴素状态发展到象征、寄托或者寄寓的高级状态。李商隐继承了屈原进步诗歌的传统,从屈原的艺术宝库中学习了象征手法的运用,特别是屈原以香草美人寄托政治遭遇的比兴手法更为他所自觉继承。他的无题诗不只是创造一些工于比兴、深于寄托的名句。而是把比兴寄托这种手法运用于全篇。     

是比喻,不是比兴——兼谈《菩萨蛮·书江西造口壁》的表达方式

《菩萨蛮·书江西造口壁》是辛弃疾即景感事的名作，对这首词的表达方式，万骏云先生是这样认为的“全词用的是比兴手法”。周济《宋四家词选》说“借水怨山”就是说的比兴手法。“郁孤台下清江水，中间多少行人泪”二句用的是直书期事的赋笔。 （《辛弃疾词鉴赏》，齐鲁书社1986年版，苏救版《唐诗宋诃选读教学参考书》选了此）薛金星先生主编的《中学教材全解》也认为“辛弃疾此有《菩萨蛮》用极高明之比兴手法，写极深沉之爱国情思，无愧为词中之瑰宝”，“词中运用比兴手法，以眼前景道心上事，达到意内言外之极高境界。”其实，这首词既没有运用比兴手法也没有运用赋笔。[第一段]     

浅论《诗经》的比兴手法与意境美

《诗经》的比兴手法是我国诗歌及其他文学艺术创作的传统方法之一。“比兴”之法被视为“诗学之正源，法度之准则”，五千年来，得到了不断的发展和完善，极大地影响着后世的文学作品的创作。“比兴”是意境美的载体，没有“比兴”就形成不了诗歌的意境美，意境美的体现，滥觞于《诗经》。《诗经》中“比兴”之法的运用使其以有限的文字表达了丰富的社会历史内容，创造了诗歌“意”与“境”的完美统一。随着文学创作的发展。意境美已成为衡量文学作品高下的美学标准之一，学习研究和继承发展《诗经》中那些亘古常新的创作方法，更好地为我们今天的文学创作服务，同时从一个新的高度来认识《诗经》的美学价值。     

论比兴对《论语》文学价值的提升

《论语》产生于诗的时代,具有诗的特质,因此可以用诗的比兴手法分析《论语》的艺术表现。《论语》中的比兴不仅形式多样,涉及对象也极为广泛。比兴的运用不仅使《论语》说理深入浅出、感情表达形象生动,而且提升了《论语》的诗境。比兴使《论语》中充满鲜明活泼的意象,影响了后世诗文创作,体现了中国文学精神。     

比较分析《毛传郑笺》与《诗集传》对比兴认识的歧异

比兴是《诗经》的主要表现手法和基本艺术特征,历代的学者对如何以比兴释《诗》的问题存在着歧异,《毛传郑笺》与《诗集传》的看法得到的认同最多,因而影响也最大。本文从比兴的定义入手,结合《毛传郑笺》和《诗集传》以比兴说诗的情况进行比较,探讨其间的差异和得失以便深入把握比兴的本质特征。     

简论《诗经》的比兴手法

《诗经》是我国历史上第一部诗歌总集,比兴是其重要的艺术表现手法。本文较深入全面地论述了比兴手法在《诗经》中的具体运用和体现,并阐发了它对后世文学的重要影响。     

观物取象与托物言志——论《易经》观象系辞与《诗经》比兴之异同

《易经》与《诗经》同是我国先秦时期出现的两部经典文献。《易经》的观物取象系辞与《诗经》的比兴既有相同相近之处，又有明显差别。相同时代里相同的思维方式、语言表达方式和文学象征手法的运用使《易经》观物取象系辞与《诗经》比兴有相同相近之处；而不同的功用、不同的目的不同的内涵又使二者有明显差别，这种差别归根结底就是观物取象系辞与托物言志抒情的差别。     

《待经·谷风》的艺术特色

《谷风》是一首弃妇诗，诗以虚实结合的手法刻画了一个善良温柔而又软弱的弃妇形象，同时通过对气氛的渲染，比喻、比兴的运用表现出与其他弃妇诗不同的艺术特色。     

试论《诗经》《楚辞》中的“比兴”

“比兴”是中国古典诗词中最为常用的表现手法。比兴手法虽同时运用于《诗经》和《楚辞》的创作之中，但彼此之间则经历了学习继承、发展创新的过程。《诗经》和《楚辞》中的比兴的发展过程，是中国原始诗歌审美意识发展的过程，同时也是最终使得诗歌审美意识趋向明、成熟的过程。     

《关雎》新论

《关雎》中“参差荇菜，左右流之”与“关关雎鸠，在河之洲”同样是比兴手法的运用。“窈窕淑女”不是采荇菜的女子。她是贵族女子，而非平民。“荇菜”不是今天的水荇。     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.