我国高校体育俱乐部研究综述

通过文献调研,对我国目前高校建立单项体育俱乐部、课外体育活动俱乐部、体育教学俱乐部的现状研究进行了评述;并对高校建立体育俱乐部可行性进行了分析,进而提出发展高校体育俱乐部的建议,为构建适合我国国情的高校体育模式,开辟新的思路。     

我国高校体育教学俱乐部的现状与发展研究

运用问卷调查法、专家访谈法和文献资料法,对我国高校体育教学俱乐部的现状进行了分析和研究。研究认为:我国高校体育教学俱乐部分为3种类型,具有专项性、终身性、一体性、综合性、科学性等特征,其中课内外一体化模式,更具代表性,是高校体育教学俱乐部的发展趋势。     

高校体育俱乐部现状

高校体育俱乐部是高校改革的必然产物,我国经济体制和教育体制的改革奠定了高校体育俱乐部的物质基础和思想基础,俱乐部的组织结构和基本特征有利于高校课外体育活动俱乐部的生存和发展,高校体育俱乐部大体有三种模式:高校单项体育俱乐部、高校课外体育活动俱乐部、高校体育教学俱乐部。     

云南省高校实施体育俱乐部教学的可行性研究

随着我国高校体育教学改革的不断深化,体育俱乐部这种新型的教学模式正逐步得到高校体育界人士的认可。采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法,分析云南省高校体育的发展现状。认为学生的体育态度、行为和需求以及高校体育师资、场地器材等状况,可以满足实施体育俱乐部的基本条件,云南省高校实施体育俱乐部教学模式是可行的。     

我国高校俱乐部型体育教学模式剖析

通过献调研，对我国目前高校俱乐部型体育教学的现状进行评述，并对高校建立俱乐部型体育教学的优势和困难进行了分析，提出发展我国高校俱乐部型体育教学的建议，为进一步构建适合我国国情的高校体育教学模式，开辟新的思路。     

高校体育俱乐部教学模式的选择与实践

通过对我国高校体育教学模式的现状分析,阐明现代体育教学指导思想、教学目标的多元性和综合性、体育教学模式的多样性和互补性、体育俱乐部教学模式的特征和优越性。提出体育俱乐部教学实践应处理好终身体育与“三基”教学、教师主导作用与学生主体作用、竞技体育与健康第一的三个关系。     

华东地区高校体育俱乐部现状调查

通过对华东 5省 1市 30所高校体育俱乐部发展情况的调查 ,分析了高校体育俱乐部在华东地区发展的基本现状 ,阐述了高校体育俱乐部的目的、任务 ,教师、学生对办体育俱乐部的态度及学生对俱乐部项目的选择要求 ,旨在为高校体育俱乐部的发展提供参考依据。     

我国高校体育俱乐部教学模式研究

准确定位为高校体育俱乐部教学模式,深度阐述高校体育推行俱乐部教学模式的实际意义,指正目前高校体育开展俱乐部模式的不足,提出我国高校体育教学推行俱乐部模式的策略与原则.     

高校体育俱乐部现状

1.我国高校建立体育俱乐部的可行性分析(1)高校组建俱乐部开展体育活动是高校体育改革的必然产物体现家庭、学校、社会三位一体的立体式体育教育结构,反映体育教育的“时代性”、“永恒性”、“多样性”的特征。高校体育俱乐部正是在这种情况下产生和发展的。(2)我国经济体制和教育体制的改革奠定了高校体育俱乐部的物质基础和思想基础为了适应市场经济发展的需求,加大改革力度,必须将高校体育推向市场,通过俱乐部有偿服务,积累资金,改善体育设施、场馆条件和稳定教师队伍,为高校建立体育俱乐部提供了物质基础。俱乐部是具有共同兴趣、爱好…     

陕西省普通高等院校课外体育俱乐部现状及发展对策研究

课外体育俱乐部是当今高校中比较常见的一种新的尝试,它的发展将有利于我国大学生对于体育的学习和身体的发展。陕西省是西部教育大省,高校较多,在课外体育俱乐部的发展方面现状如何?本文对陕西省普通高等院校课外体育俱乐部的现状进行研究,并针对存在问题提出相应的发展措施和办法。     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。