Examining the Influence of Emotional Expressions in Online Consumer Reviews on Perceived Helpfulness

Drawing on the cognitive appraisal theory of emotions and the attribution theory, this study extends existing research by examining how the emotional expressions influence perceived helpfulness of online consumer reviews (OCRs). We include two negative emotions (anger, fear) and two positive emotions (pride, surprise). Each of these four emotions can be described with respect to six emotional appraisal dimensions which containing certainty, pleasantness, attentional activity, anticipated effort, control and others’ responsibility. Hypotheses thus developed were empirically validated using the laboratory experiment in the context of restaurant services. Research results indicated that emotion expressions in OCRs have an indirect effect on perceived helpfulness through attribution about the reviewer's cognitive effort. We find that reviews with negative emotions are perceived to be more reviewer's cognitive efforts than positive emotions. More specifically, OCRs with negative emotions tend to comprise more diagnostic features related the product or service, and are more informative. We further examined whether the gender of reader moderates the relationship between different emotional expressions and perceived reviewer's cognitive effort. The results find that reviews conveying positive emotions tended to have a greater impact on male readers’ perception of reviewer's cognitive effort than those of female readers. Reviews conveying negative emotions were found to have a greater impact on female readers’ perception of reviewer's cognitive effort than that of male readers. The study results add to existing knowledge of the influence of emotional expression on perceived helpfulness, which will advance our understanding of information processing in the psychological mechanisms influencing the attitude. Applying the results from this study, restaurant service providers can make different coping strategy for discrete emotions and platform administrators can assistant reviewer express their emotions more precisely.     

从《财神与爱神》探析欧·亨利式的幽默

欧·亨利的短篇小说虽然与同时代马克·吐温的小说具有相似性,但他的叙事语言独到,结局安排巧妙,处处透露出幽默诙谐,读者在捧腹的同时又陷入深深思考中。本文仅以他的短篇小说《财神与爱神》为例,从语言和情节安排角度来探析欧·亨利式的幽默。     

Integrating character networks for extracting narratives from multimodal data

This study aims to integrate diverse data within narrative multimedia (i.e., artworks containing stories and distributed through multimedia) into a unified character network (i.e., a social network between characters that appear in the story). By combining multiple data sources (e.g., the text, video, and audio), we attempted to enhance the accuracy and semantic richness of existing character networks that confine themselves to a particular data source. To merge various data, we propose story synchronization for (i) improving the accuracy of data extracted from the narrative multimedia and (ii) integrating the data into the unified character network. The story synchronization mainly consists of three steps: synchronizing (i) scenes, (ii) characters, and (iii) character networks. First, we synchronize dialogues in the text and audio, to discover speakers and time of dialogues. This enables us to segment the scene using time periods when dialogues (in the text and audio) and characters (in the video) do not commonly occur. Through the scene segmentation, we can discretize stories in the narrative work. By comparing the occurrence of dialogues and characters in each scene, we synchronize identities of the characters in the text and video (e.g., names and faces of characters). Thereby, we can more accurately estimate participants and time of a conversation between characters (i.e., a set of connected dialogues). Based on the conversation, the existing character networks are refined and integrated into the unified character network. In addition, we verified the efficacy of the proposed methods using movies in the real world, which are among the most accessible and popular narrative multimedia.     

基于用户交互行为分析的数据故事建模方法研究

[目的/意义]文章旨在根据数据故事化的研究现状,结合其他相关的方法研究,提出一种基于用户交互行为分析的数据故事建模方法,这对数据到数据故事模型的生成,再到后续的故事制作和故事展示具有重要的实践意义。[方法/过程]首先利用文献研究法和定性研究法归纳了基于用户交互行为分析的数据故事化的应用场景、故事建模的内涵和方法的应用价值,明确了数据故事模型包括三个基本要素,分别是数据内容、逻辑关系和讲述概率,接着提出了针对性的方法框架,最后利用Python编程语言模拟数据并生成故事模型的可视化结构图来说明方法的应用。[结果/结论]基于用户交互行为分析的数据故事模型的构建方法可生成能够反映用户关注倾向的故事,在未来还有广阔的研究空间。     

Korean–Japanese story link detection based on distributional and contrastive properties of event terms

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for multilingual story link detection. Our approach utilized the distributional features of terms in timelines and multilingual spaces, together with selected types of named entities in order to get distinctive weights for terms that constitute linguistic representation of events. On timelines term significance is calculated by comparing term distribution of the documents on a day with that of the total document collection. Since two languages can provide more information than one language, term significance is measured on each language space, which is then used as a bridge between two languages on multilingual spaces. Evaluating the method on Korean and Japanese news articles, our method achieved 14.3% improvement for monolingual story pairs, and 16.7% improvement for multilingual story pairs. By measuring the space density, the proposed weighting components are verified with a high density of the intra-event stories and a low density of the inter-events stories. This result indicates that the proposed method is helpful for multilingual story link detection.     

企业外部研发合作、内部知识网络与创新绩效

外部研发合作有利于丰富企业的知识元素和组合范式进而影响其创新绩效,企业内部知识网络会影响其外部研发合作的效能。基于知识组合的视角探究不同类型企业外部研发合作,与大学/研究机构的合作（学研合作）以及与企业的合作（企业合作）,对企业创新绩效的差异化影响,并进一步揭示企业内部知识网络特征（知识组合能力和知识协调成本）对上述影响的调节作用。通过对2012年—2017年中国计算机通信及电子设备制造业和医药制造业323家上市公司的数据分析,发现学研合作对企业创新绩效的促进作用大于企业合作;企业知识组合能力会抑制学研合作对企业创新绩效的积极影响,促进企业合作对企业创新绩效的积极影响;企业知识协调成本会减弱企业合作与企业创新绩效的正向关系,对学研合作与企业创新绩效关系的影响不显著。     

面向大学生创新能力培养的借阅状态调查与分析

通过对在校大学生课外信息获取及借阅需求特点进行调查与分析,发现具有创新意识和创造力强的大学生和普通大学生课外读书的差异性,提示我们在工作中应支持鼓励创造性强的学生,带动和指引创造力弱的学生,从而使大学生整体创新素质得到提高和张扬。就高校图书馆如何加强大学生创新能力培养提出三点建议:重视大学生创新人格的培养,围绕创新开展馆藏资源建设,建立创新支持服务系统。     

为何“君命不受”？：违命创新行为的影响因素及模式——基于科技型企业新生代员工的实证研究

以AMO理论为基础探讨违命创新行为的影响因素及模式,采用回归分析和模糊集定性比较分析法对491份科技型企业新生代员工问卷进行分析,得出如下结论:员工创造力自我效能感对其违命创新行为有正向影响,员工自恋主义倾向对其违命创新行为不存在显著影响,员工工作自主性对其违命创新行为具有正向影响;触发员工违命创新行为的前因构型有两类,即"创造力自我效能感×工作自主性"和"工作自主性×自恋主义倾向",其中机会要素是关键因素,工作自主性在能力要素、动机要素和机会要素三者的协同效应中起着决定性的作用。研究得到的主要管理启示包括:给予员工更多的工作自主权;重视培养和提升员工的创造力自我效能;正确认识员工的自恋主义倾向。     

Why does the president tweet this? Discovering reasons and contexts for politicians’ tweets from news articles

Politicians’ tweets can have important political and economic implications. However, limited context makes it hard for readers to instantly and precisely understand them, especially from a causal perspective. The triggers for these tweets may have been reported in news prior to the tweets, but simply finding similar news articles would not serve the purpose, given the following reasons. First, readers may only be interested in finding the reasons and contexts (we call causal backgrounds) for a certain part of a tweet. Intuitively, such content would be politically relevant and accord with public’s recent attention, which is not usually reflected within the context. Besides, the content should be human-readable, while the noisy and informal nature of tweets hinders regular Open Information Extraction systems. Second, similarity does not capture causality and the causality between tweet contents and news contents is beyond the scopes of causality extraction tools. Meanwhile, it will be non-trivial to construct a high-quality tweet-to-intent dataset.We propose the first end-to-end framework for discovering causal backgrounds of politicians’ tweets by: 1. Designing an Open IE system considering rule-free representations for tweets; 2. Introducing sources like Wikipedia linkage and edit history to identify focal contents; 3. Finding implicit causalities between different contexts using explicit causalities learned elsewhere. We curate a comprehensive dataset of interpretations from political journalists for 533 tweets from 5 US politicians. On average, we obtain the correct answers within top-2 recommendations. We make our dataset and framework code publicly available.     

Revisiting the exploration-exploitation behavior of scholars' research topic selection: Evidence from a large-scale bibliographic database

The research on studying exploration-exploitation behavior in topic choice has consistently been the focus of a great deal of attention. In this study, we propose five novel research strategies under exploration and exploitation based on the general but significant features of topics, and present a series of metrics to quantify and identify these strategies. We analyze the relationship between scientists’ research performance (i.e., productivity and impact) and their preference for different strategies, and examine the evolution of their preference in scientific careers through comprehensive statistical analysis. We employ a MAG dataset as our data source, and select about 30 million scientists from the computer science filed and their publications as our analysis objects. Our empirical analysis shows that productive and impactful scientists tend to follow academic frontiers, study diverse topics, explore emerging topics and combinatorial innovation, but exploit mature topics less often. We also figure out the potential reasons for the phenomenon. In addition, we find that successful scientists prefer to execute exploratory research strategies from the beginning of their career, and young scientists seem to be more creative. Our research may help researchers deeply understand topic selection behavior, and therefore provide enlightenment for training scientists and give advice for funding allocation as well as research and development policy formulation.     

动画获奖作品研究——以无锡工艺职业技术学院部分获奖作品为案例

动画作品参赛是学生展示创意、专业动手能力和学习交流的一个良好平台,同时也是教学实践的一种方式.随着教学改革的不断深入,许多高校也将作品参赛作为检验和提高教学质量、展示教学改革成果的一种方式.通过对动画获奖作品的研究和分析,可以总结优秀动画短片的特点,从而指导学生参赛、评价教学和课程改革的成效.下面便以无锡工艺职业技术学院的部分获奖作品为案例,从剧情创意、叙事技巧、动作表演和画面质量四个方面加以分析.     

Detecting breaking news rumors of emerging topics in social media

Users of social media websites tend to rapidly spread breaking news and trending stories without considering their truthfulness. This facilitates the spread of rumors through social networks. A rumor is a story or statement for which truthfulness has not been verified. Efficiently detecting and acting upon rumors throughout social networks is of high importance to minimizing their harmful effect. However, detecting them is not a trivial task. They belong to unseen topics or events that are not covered in the training dataset. In this paper, we study the problem of detecting breaking news rumors, instead of long-lasting rumors, that spread in social media. We propose a new approach that jointly learns word embeddings and trains a recurrent neural network with two different objectives to automatically identify rumors. The proposed strategy is simple but effective to mitigate the topic shift issues. Emerging rumors do not have to be false at the time of the detection. They can be deemed later to be true or false. However, most previous studies on rumor detection focus on long-standing rumors and assume that rumors are always false. In contrast, our experiment simulates a cross-topic emerging rumor detection scenario with a real-life rumor dataset. Experimental results suggest that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of precision, recall, and F1.     

Batman forever? The role of trademarks for reuse in the US comics industry

We study how trademarks affect reuse of creative works in the comics industry. As a creative industry, the comics industry systematically relies on copyrights. But trademark protection can also be exploited to generate income from the reuse of comic characters or to strategically exclude others from reuse. Our unique data set combines US trademark records of comic characters with information on reuse in print media and franchise products from 1990 to 2017. We find that, on average, additional trademark protection is associated with a reduction in reuse in printed comic books of about 19%. We highlight three mechanisms: first, the negative relationship between trademarking and reuse has been especially pronounced since the early 2000s, when the arrival of digital technologies lowered the costs of entry, promotion, and distribution. Second, our results are driven by less reuse by third parties, not trademark holders. Third, reuse is higher when trademark owners license comic characters to third parties. The negative association between trademarking and reuse carries over to franchise products, but it is weaker and tied to the era of digitization, with a 2% decline in reuse in franchise movies and 9% lower reuse in video games.     

基于Stackelberg博弈的供应链企业间信息安全决策分析

供应链中企业组织的信息安全不仅取决于企业自身对信息安全的投入,同时还要受到其它企业在信息安全方面的投入、共享及网络脆弱性等因素的制约。依据供应链上的企业关系的非对等性,运用Stackerlberg模型讨论了供应链中的核心企业和伙伴企业在信息安全方面的决策博弈,得出企业信息资产价值、网络脆弱性、共享成本、信息安全互补性等因素对决策结果的影响机制,并与Cournot模型博弈结果比较,最后通过算例对博弈结果进行了实例分析。     

浅析《项链》中女主人公的性格发展变化

《项链》是莫泊桑的短篇小说之一。纵观整篇小说,我们可以看到女主人公马蒂尔德有一个非常明显的性格变化。人们对《项链》中女主人公的看法贬多于褒,评论者给她定性为爱慕虚荣、追求享乐的小资产阶级妇女形象。本文则主要分析她丢失项链后所发生的巨大变化,否定了前人对她评价的妥贴性和全面性。为了赔偿项链,她做出了许多与以往不同的事情。她对生活的态度发生了改变,不再爱慕虚荣和幻想,而是变得诚实善良,和她丈夫一起坚忍不拔地辛勤劳动。本文旨在说明评价一个人,不能用静止的眼光,而应该用发展的眼光着重看其纵向的变化。马蒂尔德在丢失项链之后所表现出的诚实善良、坚强不屈、勤劳勇敢的品质更值得我们赞赏。     

知识员工心理资本对创新绩效的影响:心理契约的中介

基于公平理论和社会交换理论研究了知识员工心理资本、心理契约与创新绩效的关系,提出了相应的理论模型,并以高科技和新能源企业技术和管理岗位的员工作为样本,进行了实证检验。探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析结果显示,学习型心理资本、创新型心理资本与关系型心理资本正相关于任务型心理资本,同时知识员工任务型心理资本、关系型心理资本与创新型心理资本对于心理契约形成有积极作用,而心理契约在知识员工心理资本与创新绩效关系中起中介作用。这表明,组织需要培养和提升知识员工的心理资本,从而促使知识员工对组织的责任感知增强,进而提高创造力水平和个体在创新过程中的投入,最终提高创新绩效。     

基于专利信息的企业和高校技术创新力对比分析——以广东为例

通过基于专利数据的统计,分析广东企业和高校近年来在专利授权、有效专利及技术领域等方面的比较优势,挖掘和探讨区域范围内这两个主要创新主体技术创新活动的差异性和特殊性,并就进一步增强省内高校的创新优势以适应地区技术发展提出相应的建议,为推动区域创新能力的持续提升和推进省内产业的优化升级提供一种新的视角。     

支持型组织责任对员工创新行为的影响——有调节的中介效应模型检验

引入积极情绪、供给需求匹配作为中间变量,建立支持型组织责任影响员工创新行为的有调节的中介效应模型。实证研究结果显示,支持型组织责任对员工创新行为具有积极的正向影响,其效用受到供给需求匹配的调节;人际支持完全通过个体积极情绪来影响员工创新行为,组织支持对员工创新行为的影响部分受到个体积极情绪的中介;积极情绪对员工创新行为的影响受到供给需求匹配的调节,研究结论有效地解释了以往研究的分歧。     

中日创意产品贸易国际竞争力比较分析--基于国际分工视角

本文主要运用国际市场占有率指数、贸易竞争力指数和显示性比较优势指数对中日两国1996-2010年间的创意产品贸易进行了对比分析,结果表明：我国创意产品有着很强的国际竞争力,且远大于日本。通过进一步的行业分工分析发现,我国的竞争优势主要集中在工艺品、设计等创意和技术含量较低的劳动力密集型行业中,视听、音乐等创意元素较多的行业的竞争力并不高,且多个行业的竞争力正在下降;而日本除了少数几个创意产品外,各行业的竞争力均较弱。最后,从加快集聚区建设、引进和培养人才、加大科技投入、树立创意品牌等方面提出了提高中国创意产品贸易竞争力的对策。