儿童语言习得中的语义和语法

儿童语言习得越来越受到学界的重视,对儿童语言习得过程的描写、习得规律的阐释,在语言学、心理学、人类学、教育学乃至神经病理学等领域都具有极为重大的研究价值。对儿童语言习得的研究和语言学结合起来,可以相互促进,使研究更深入。语言中有两大范畴,即语义范畴和语法范畴,儿童在习得语言的时候,这两者的关系是怎样的?对语言学的研究有何启示?我们试结合儿童的语料进行分析。     

说汉语儿童早期指代错误现象个案研究

通过对两名说汉语儿童1～3岁跟踪观察获得的语料进行分析,发现在儿童早期语言习得过程中,对词义的理解出现了很多指代错误现象。运用了个案研究法、数理统计法、文献资料法对儿童早期话语中的指代错误做研究,认为其产生的主要原因有儿童对词义的泛化、窄化和特化。借助原型理论分析了儿童语言习得过程、特点及规律,以更好地帮助儿童理解词义,学习语言。     

早期儿童语音习得的若干特点探析

儿童语言的研究在语言学界是最具挑战性和重要价值的研究领域之一,但关于早期儿童语音习得过程中出现的一些现象和问题仍然没有得到根本解决。文章是对儿童的语音产出数据所作的个案描写和分析,包括对该儿童语音发展各个阶段的划分以及各阶段语音习得特点的分析,从而,总结出早期儿童语音习得的一些现象和规律。     

1～5岁儿童习得频率副词初探

在汉语儿童语言习得研究领域,有关频率副词的研究是相对薄弱的。在我们调查的1—5岁汉族儿童语料中,只出现9个频率副词。依据吴春相提出的频率副词的认知语义基础,儿童语言中的频率副词可分为三个语义层次:高值、中值和低值。儿童优先习得高值频率副词,这与儿童记忆能力的发展有关。     

认知能力和环境对儿童语言习得的影响

儿童语言习得和认知发展密切相关。儿童的语义发展经历了从简单到复杂、从粗糙到精细的过程。儿童的语言水平反映了认知水平。语言环境尤其是家庭环境对儿童习得语言起着至关重要的作用。     

儿童语义习得过程的探索

儿童语义习得是语言学习的重要组成部分。这是因为儿童语义习得承载着从无到有，从简单到复杂，从具体到抽象的这样一个过程，所以它对语言学习有至关重要的作用。国内对儿童语义的研究还处于起步阶段。Ititllt，笔者试图从儿童语义习得过程的观察和分析来阐释。[编者按]     

有效使用儿向语——少儿外语教师的应备素质

成人的话语和儿童的话语各有各的特点,因此要确保会话效果,成人和儿童的对话就要尊重这些特点。儿向语就是成人同儿童交谈时所使用的语言,是儿童语言习得过程中的主要语言信息,对儿童语言的发展影响很大。有效使用儿向语是少儿外语教师的应备素质。     

儿童语言发展的研究综述

近十年来,对儿童语言发展的研究主要集中在两方面：一是对儿童语言发展过程的研究,主要包括语义、语法和语用技能的发展;二是对语言习得的解释及相关研究,如心理理论与语言的关系等。     

有效使用儿向语——少儿外语教师的应备素质

成人的话语争儿童的话语各有各的特点,因此要确保会话效果,成人和儿童的对话就要尊重这些特点.儿向语就是成人同儿童交谈时所使用的语言,是儿童语言习得过程中的主要语言信息,对儿童语言的发展影响很大.有效使用儿向语是少儿外语教师的应备素质.     

论基于儿童认知语言发展理论的母语正负迁移

儿童语言发展源于认知,认知的发展对于儿童语言发展有促进作用。本文通过分析儿童认知语言发展过程的规律,正确看待儿童母语对于二语习得的正负迁移影响,探讨在儿童语言关键期培养儿童第二语言习得方法,这对儿童的大脑发育、语言表达以及认知能力发展都能起到促进作用。     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.