你有一张“厕所脸”吗？

如果一群人坐在屋子里．这时一个陌生人走进来．他会径直向谁询问：“请问厕所在哪里？”答案是：有着“厕所脸”的人。“厕所脸”能让陌生人产生亲近感．而初次见面的印象往往会影响你的人际关系．那么．你也有张“厕所脸”吗？     

你有一张『厕所脸』吗?

如果一群人坐在屋子里,这时一个陌生人走进来,他会径直向谁询问:"请问厕所在哪里?"答案是:有着"厕所脸"的人."厕所脸"能让陌生人产生亲近感,而初次见面的印象往往会影响你的人际关系,那么,你也有张"厕所脸"吗?     

谁在戏弄我们

有时候,就在我们的大自然中,总有一些奇奇怪怪的事情让我们瞠目结舌,弄得我们思维大乱,这其中有意外之喜,也有飞来横祸,似乎我们在冥冥中被某个看不见的手掌握着。随着一桩桩的怪事之谜逐渐被揭开,我们也都在思考一个问题:到底是谁在戏弄我们的生活?     

电磁辐射与健康

随着科技的进步和发展,越来越多的电子设备进入了我们的日常生活。由此产生的各种频率的电磁场也已经悄悄地密布于我们生活的每一个角落。电磁辐射已成为环境中普遍存在而且发展迅速的影响人体健康的因素,也成为一个令社会大众越来越不安的问题。     

谁在戏弄我们

有时候，就在我们的大自然中，总有一些奇奇怪怪的事情让我们瞠目结舌，弄得我们思维大乱，这其中有意外之喜，也有飞来横祸，似乎我们在冥冥中被某个看不见的手掌握着。随着一桩桩的怪事之谜逐渐被揭开，我们也都在思考一个问题：到底是谁在戏弄我们的生活?     

浅谈人体健康的影响因素

生命、健康是一个永恒的话题.人的生命一生只有一次,因此生命时于我们每一个人来说都是非常珍贵.而因其珍贵,所以我们更要畛惜生命,关爱健康.但是,在现实社会情况下,我们每一个人一生中都会遇到很多影响健康的因索,要想健康的生活着,真的并不是一件很容易的事情.     

浅析保健食品行业之路

随着人们生活水平的提高,人们的消费能力、健康意识也都将相应提高。小康社会促使更多的人树立了健康的意识,所以我们说,健康产品市场这个空间正在形成,正在壮大,已经具备了一定的社会经济基础。现在,我国保健食品的年销售额在300亿~800亿元左右,相对国外而言市场潜力还是非常大的,只要善于发现消费需求并加以引导,就不愁产品无市场。     

探究摩擦力

研究背景 摩擦是最常见应用最普遍的现象,在生活中随处可见。对摩擦现象,我们都有比较丰富的感性认识和一定的生活经验,用手按在桌面上滑动,用板擦擦黑板,笔在纸上写字,橡皮擦铅笔字,这些都是一个物体在另一物体滑动,都能体会到摩擦力的存在。     

公厕“大革命”

普遍拥有整洁、卫生的厕所,已被国际社会看作是衡量一个国家、一个民族生活水平和文明程度的重要标志。     

世界上十处最具特色的厕所

正你知道吗?每年的11月19日被联合国设立为"世界厕所日"。根椐世界厕所组织(WTO)统计,一个人每天要上6~8次厕所,一年约2500次,算下来人的一生约有3年时间在厕所里度过,女性花费时间则更长。所以,别忽视厕所,让它成为我们生活中的一道"风景"。1.观景厕所这处公厕位于挪威著名的艾于兰国家旅游之路上,曾被一家建筑设计网站评为世界最佳公厕。它凭借的不是建筑本身或内部设施,而是拥有无敌的风景。厕所突出于悬崖     

Intelligent topic selection for low-cost information retrieval evaluation: A New perspective on deep vs. shallow judging

While test collections provide the cornerstone for Cranfield-based evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems, it has become practically infeasible to rely on traditional pooling techniques to construct test collections at the scale of today’s massive document collections (e.g., ClueWeb12’s 700M+ Webpages). This has motivated a flurry of studies proposing more cost-effective yet reliable IR evaluation methods. In this paper, we propose a new intelligent topic selection method which reduces the number of search topics (and thereby costly human relevance judgments) needed for reliable IR evaluation. To rigorously assess our method, we integrate previously disparate lines of research on intelligent topic selection and deep vs. shallow judging (i.e., whether it is more cost-effective to collect many relevance judgments for a few topics or a few judgments for many topics). While prior work on intelligent topic selection has never been evaluated against shallow judging baselines, prior work on deep vs. shallow judging has largely argued for shallowed judging, but assuming random topic selection. We argue that for evaluating any topic selection method, ultimately one must ask whether it is actually useful to select topics, or should one simply perform shallow judging over many topics? In seeking a rigorous answer to this over-arching question, we conduct a comprehensive investigation over a set of relevant factors never previously studied together: 1) method of topic selection; 2) the effect of topic familiarity on human judging speed; and 3) how different topic generation processes (requiring varying human effort) impact (i) budget utilization and (ii) the resultant quality of judgments. Experiments on NIST TREC Robust 2003 and Robust 2004 test collections show that not only can we reliably evaluate IR systems with fewer topics, but also that: 1) when topics are intelligently selected, deep judging is often more cost-effective than shallow judging in evaluation reliability; and 2) topic familiarity and topic generation costs greatly impact the evaluation cost vs. reliability trade-off. Our findings challenge conventional wisdom in showing that deep judging is often preferable to shallow judging when topics are selected intelligently.     

当下社会环境和时代背景下的体育与健康概念的再认识

＂体育＂与＂健康＂这两个词,并非如我们直观上的熟悉感那样,能够比较明晰地表达清楚。事实上,对这两个概念,至今学术界都没能给出一个明确统一的定义,然而其中有一个认识是共同的,＂体育＂与＂健康＂概念离不开社会环境和时代背景。     

Contact tracing apps and values dilemmas: A privacy paradox in a neo-liberal world

Contact tracing apps are presented as a solution, if not the solution, to curb pandemics in the Covid-19 crisis. In France, despite heated public institutional debate on privacy related issues, the app was presented by government as an essential benefit for protecting health and lives, thus avoiding both politicians and citizens to feel morally responsible and looking guilty, and as essential to recover our freedom to move. However we argue that, while detection of cases have still not been reported after 10 days and one million app downloads - a situation comparable to Australia who launched its app a month before -, the adoption of the app generates important risks to our informational privacy, surveillance and habituation to security policies. It also may create discrimination, distrust and generate other health problems such as addiction and others as 5G technology continues to be deployed without prior impact studies. Finally the smartphone app against covid epidemics appears as an extreme case of the privacy paradox where the government plays on the immediate benefits and downplays long-term concerns while inducing a technology of self. Contact tracing apps may become an emblematic case for digital transformation and value changes in the western world.     

Psychiatry interacts with contemporary Western views: the DSM‐III innovation and its adverse effects

Economic studies of innovation are relevant to the mental health sector, not just for innovations in more conventional industries, such as telecommunications. We present an economic examination of the impact of an innovation in the mental health sector. The innovation examined here was first adopted in 1980 with the publication of a new edition of the nosology (or classification) for the diagnosis of mental illnesses and disorders, which is known familiarly as the DSM‐III. In our analysis, we incorporate the impact of that innovation, and another major force relevant to psychiatric diagnosis during that time period, i.e. a trend in the West towards the medicalisation of normal sorrows. This is now a documented phenomenon. By using conventional price–quantity space and focussing attention on the quantity outcome, we are able to consider the impact of these concurrent forces on the false positive rate in the diagnosis of mental illnesses in the West and on efficacious diagnostic practice in this sector. Diagnostic efficacy is relevant to treatment, but it is relevant also to resource allocation in the mental health sector. Our analysis highlights the vital place of innovation in diagnostic practices, and the funding of this, in the mental health sector.     

让孩子回到运动场上去享受运动的快乐--浅谈培养学生的良好锻炼习惯

近年来,随着我国物质生活水平的不断提高,青少年体质健康水平却成下降趋势,学生对锻炼没有兴趣,怕苦怕累,不愿意运动,这和我们的体育教育有一定关系,因此我们要从转变观念,提高学生运动兴趣入手,让学生掌握正确的锻炼方法,帮助他们养成良好的锻炼习惯,让他们主动到运动场上去,享受运动的快乐。     

专利权与企业绩效有关吗?——台湾制造业之实证研究

在知识经济的时代,专利权无疑成为企业重要的竞争资源,许多企业积极申请专利保护,期待专利权带来的效益,唯专利权亦需支付昂贵的成本,其是否对企业绩效具有正向影响是值得探讨之问题,过去未曾有系统性的研究,为厘清此一问题,本研究以台湾1000大制造业为研究对象,搜集2004年至2007年公告之专利权数及专利权种类,分析企业所投入之专利权与企业绩效之关系,研究结果显示专利权数与企业绩效之营业收入、税后纯益有显着的正相关且具有递延效果,其中发明专利与企业绩效之影响大于新型、新式样专利,此现象值得台湾制造业省思。     

利率市场化对我国外汇管理的影响

利率与汇率是经济中两个紧密相关的重要变量，利率的变动会通过宏观及微观层面对汇率产生冲击；同样，汇率的变动也会作用于利率。本文主要探讨在我国利率市场化改革的进程中，市场化的利益形成机制和更加富有弹性的利率浮动，会对现有的外汇管理体制产生一定的影响，使外汇管理的难度增大，从而对我国汇率市场化改革提出了更加迫切的要求。     

买方市场势力、市场竞争环境与研发投入——基于高新技术上市公司的经验证据

  客户作为企业重要的利益相关者,对企业行为具有广泛而深刻的影响。买方市场势力是客户的重要特征之一,对企业的创新决策发挥着不可忽视的作用。本文以2012—2016年沪深两市A股中的610家高新技术企业上市公司为样本,从市场竞争强度和市场动态性两个角度实证检验了不同市场竞争环境下买方市场势力对企业创新研发投入的影响。结果表明：市场竞争程度越激烈,买方市场势力对创新研发投入产生的“促进激励效应”越明显;企业所处行业的市场动态性越高,买方市场势力对创新研发投入产生的“促进激励效应”越显著。     

Robot rights? Towards a social-relational justification of moral consideration

Should we grant rights to artificially intelligent robots? Most current and near-future robots do not meet the hard criteria set by deontological and utilitarian theory. Virtue ethics can avoid this problem with its indirect approach. However, both direct and indirect arguments for moral consideration rest on ontological features of entities, an approach which incurs several problems. In response to these difficulties, this paper taps into a different conceptual resource in order to be able to grant some degree of moral consideration to some intelligent social robots: it sketches a novel argument for moral consideration based on social relations. It is shown that to further develop this argument we need to revise our existing ontological and social-political frameworks. It is suggested that we need a social ecology, which may be developed by engaging with Western ecology and Eastern worldviews. Although this relational turn raises many difficult issues and requires more work, this paper provides a rough outline of an alternative approach to moral consideration that can assist us in shaping our relations to intelligent robots and, by extension, to all artificial and biological entities that appear to us as more than instruments for our human purposes.     

The childhood lead poisoning epidemic in historical perspective

A hidden epidemic is poisoning our planet and its people. The toxins are in the air we breathe and in the water we drink, in the walls of our homes and the furniture has it within them. We cannot escape as it is so indispensable in our cars. It is ubiquitous in cities and the countryside. It afflicts rich and poor, young and old. But this testing of chemicals on human beings is not new. For most of the twentieth century lead was tested on children and it produced one of the largest and longest running epidemics in the history of United States. This article examines that history.