异构档案信息互操作及其自动转换器的研究

数字档案馆具有标准和技术实现上的特殊性 ,异构档案信息的互操作及其自动转换器研究是一个崭新的课题。本文利用可视化开发工具提供的数据库应用支撑功能 ,实现异构数据库的信息集成 ;设计和开发基于中国档案机读目录标准格式 (CNMARCAMC)的自动转换器系统 ;研究和实践网上档案检索工具置标著录的最新标准(EAD)及其数据的自动转换 ,从而为实现包括Web网的异构档案信息的互操作带来更多的契机     

基于XML/SOAP实现数字图书馆系统互操作的研究

系统异构给图书馆系统互操作带来了很大的困难。XML作为一种平台独立的格式，是交换数据和控制信息的一种简单、灵活和强大的方式。简单对象访问协议SOAP以XML文件的形式提供了一个简单、轻量的，用于在分散或分布环境中交换结构化和类型化信息的机制。文章提出利用SOAP解决不同图书馆系统之间的互操作问题，并利用新的技术和标准(如XML，XSLT、DTD和Java Servlet)设计和开发了一个原型系统，实现两个图书馆系统之间的信息查询。     

异构电子资源统一检索协议*

大规模分布式异构数据库的互连互检是数据库应用领域急需解决的问题，本文从制定标准化协议入手，提出了一个解决此问题的有效方法。协议分为两个部分，第一部分从分析现有的各种元数据标准和数据库入手，给出了一个标准化检索服务，各个数据库均可依据此标准服务发布统一的检索服务。第二部分对现有的UDDI标准进行了一定的扩展，提出了一种发现和选择信息检索服务的方法。     

支持元数据和服务共享的三类互操作协议比较

在信息技术进步的浪潮中,出现了各类广泛分布、异构、自治的检索系统和发布系统.随着用户数量和所要求的服务质量的提升,对使用统一检索接口而覆盖诸多信息发布系统的呼声日益高涨,互操作协议在此种背景下应运而生.根据作用机制的不同,互操作协议可以分为联邦、元数据收割、信息搜集三种类型.文章从互操作系统的实现到效果,包括联合服务能力、存储和维护开销、数据安全性和保密性几个方面,结合实际案例对互操作协议的实施和变更进行比较和评估,从而明确各类协议的优缺点及适用性,依据“适度代价获取充分功能”的原则,为广大服务提供商和用户提供参考.     

公鈅加密体系

建立在 HTTP、TCP/IP、MIME、FTP 等协议基础上的国际互联网在近几年飞速发展,其根本原因是这些协议并不复杂,共同特点是解决了异构计算机、异构操作系统和异构通讯网络的互联、互通和互操作,是开放式的公开协议,但对网络系统安全与防范并没有完善的相关协议。正是由于以上原因,网络安全问题也就日益突出起来。特别在刚刚兴起的电子商务面前,网络信息安全更显严重。简单地说,任何人都希望在国际互联     

基于数字图书馆的生物数据库统一接口设计

为了提供最大限度的数据库互操作性,本文通过整合异质数据库的统一接口,为异构数据库和不同的数据库管理系统之间的互操作带来方便。以实现数字图书馆用户更有效地进行生物信息数据的检索与获取、综合与分析。     

OAI-PMH 与数字图书馆的互操作

重点介绍了OAI协议及其在数字图书馆互操作中的应用，并对此进行了评价和总结；提出了一种利用OAI协议以互操作的方式实现个人数字图书馆功能，满足用户个性化信息需求的系统模型。     

基于ontology的数字图书馆互操作机制研究

互操作是数字图书馆研究的核心问题之一,其根本目的是提供一种分散、异构、海量的信息整合机制,以有效操作大规模分布式数字信息,实现跨库统一检索.文章首先介绍了数字图书馆互操作问题和本体论技术,然后阐述了基于通用本体的元数据互操作机制,最后提出了基于本体论的数字图书馆互操作机制.     

异构分布式信息检索系统整合研究

实现异构处理器、异构数据源之间的共建共享,必须对分布式检索系统的各个子系统进行整合。现有的技术对于实现具体的、个别的分布式检索系统的互操作虽然没有问题,但要建立普遍意义的互操作规范,尚有一定难度。数据/语义层的互操作仍是异构分布式信息检索系统整合的重点,相关研究仍需深入。     

数字图书馆互操作协议比较研究

互操作协议是各数字图书馆之间通信的基础,也是数字图书馆互操作的重要研究内容。现行三种典型的数字图书馆互操作协议“HTTP、Z39．50、OAI—PMH”各有优势和不足。根据“适度代价获取充分功能”的原则,认为OAI—PMH协议更适合于数字图书馆建设。     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Periodicals of Ethnic Minorities in Poland

ABSTRACT

The article examines the most important periodicals of ethnic minorities in Poland. After 1989, many ethnic groups (e.g., Germans and Romanies) were allowed to publish journals and newspapers for the first time since the end of World War II. The publications examined show the rich cultural life of the various ethnic groups as well as their current status in Poland. In addition to popular titles, some scholarly publications are also discussed.     

Reference Question Answered: Bibliographic Sources for the Ukrainian Periodical Press in the 1840s: Encyclopedias,Bibliographies, Guides,and Library Catalogs

The author answers a reference question on bibliographic sources for the Ukrainian periodical press 1840–1850. Helpful publications include bibliographies, guides, and library catalogs. These potentially make mention of revolutionary developments in Hungary (such as the Twelve Points paragraph of the Demands of the Hungarian Nation in March 1848, the subsequent April Laws, and Hungary's declaration of independence in April 1949), and elsewhere in the Hapsburg Empire.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Device-Driven Research: The Impact of Chromebooks in American Schools

Chromebooks and the G Suite group of products, like Google Search, Gmail, and Google Docs, have rapidly expanded in American schools during the past 5 years. The impact of one-to-one Chromebook devices and the pervasive use of Google's software products in American education cannot be overstated. This article explores some of the influences of these products on research, based on the experiences of a librarian and technology coordinator at an elementary education level. The author has several suggestions for effective research with these products in mind.     

Authorship,Gender, and Institutional Affiliation in Library History:

Library historians can learn a great deal from studying the gender of authorship and institutional affiliation of a scholarly journal. The focus of this study is to examine these two aspects of journal production in library history to see who is producing published research in this field. Twenty-three years of Libraries & Culture were chosen as the target volumes. The study reveals that more men than women published in library history as well as locating which institutions were represented. This type of information is usedful to the library historian engaged in the analysis of published scholarship, and more generally to scholars with an interest in patterns of literature production in fields closely related to the social and behavioral sciences.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.