幼儿观察模仿学习新视角:从“模型”学习到“模式”学习——以律动学习为例

研究基于"模型"与"模式"概念辨析,探讨了幼儿律动学习中"模型"学习与"模式"学习的差异性与契合性、阶段性与连续性及其教育价值,并借助案例阐释了从"模型"学习到"模式"学习中幼儿律动学习角色的变化,有助于教师在音乐活动中更好地通过上述两种不同的学习方式,促进幼儿从"模型"学习到"模式"学习的转变从而逐渐成长为探究创造学习者。     

基于建构主义的组织学习模式初探

当前组织学习受到社会的普遍关注,本文在分析原有组织学习模式的基础上构建了基于建构主义的组织学习模式,并提出了促进组织学习的主要举措。     

基于增强现实技术的移动学习研究初探

高普及度、便携易用的智能手持设备是能够体现增强现实价值的重要平台,增强现实创新了移动应用模式,为移动学习提供了新的学习支持。文章在概述增强现实软硬件系统的基础上,基于Hype Cycle模型与地平线报告分析,阐述了移动学习与增强现实的发展现状与前景。分析了基于增强现实的移动学习的已有研究与应用案例,探讨了Specht的增强现实学习模式,并构建了增强现实学习系统的设计与开发模型。     

基于Web的多学习模式自主学习平台研究

通过对传统的以教师为核心、以教学活动组织过程为主线的设计理念的分析,提出以学生为中心、以学习活动过程为主线、以增强学习体验和效果为目的的全新设计理念(即基于Web的多学习模式的自主学习理念)。分析了在Internet环境下各种学习模式的学习活动过程,以此为基础建立了一个基于Web的多学习模式的自主学习平台的模型,详细阐述了该模型的系统需求、设计原则和系统架构。     

市场导向与学习导向作用下的组织绩效问题

市场导向和学习导向是影响组织绩效的关键因素。然而,由于现有市场导向与学习导向的结合研究比较薄弱,导致了市场导向理论缺少战略内容,对企业建立市场导向不具有指导意义;同时,也造成了组织学习理论的单一性,不能较好地将学习焦点放在企业的外部环境中,进行面向实践的学习。因此,探讨市场导向与学习导向的关系,研究两者双重作用下的组织绩效问题,具有重要的学术价值和实践意义。市场导向与学习导向在关注范围、价值观层面、制度层面与行为层面都存在明显的互动关系,市场导向与学习导向均可视为企业的资源进而创造竞争优势,也是企业创造卓越绩效的关键。应当基于学习能力视角,拓展市场导向的研究领域;增强两种理论的融合,深化企业战略研究;构建基于市场导向的学习型组织。     

开放大学的学习模式与学习环境构建

文章根据建设开放大学的现实需要,从加强学习支持服务的视角分析了现存学习模式的特点及不足,并基于开放大学服务社会成员多样化、个性化的学习需求,提出了将非正式学习模式融入开放大学支持服务体系的构想;探讨了正式学习与非正式学习共存的学习环境构建问题;给出了开放大学学习环境模型。     

基于Web2.0环境的三种学习模式融合研究

通过对Web2.0环境下的移动学习、泛在学习、混合学习模式的比较研究,重点分析了各自的理论、特点及发展趋势。在此基础上提出了基于这3种学习模式的融合模型,并总结了信息化学习中应注意的一些问题。     

学习共同体——大学教学组织的创新模型

学习共同体是指具有共同信念、共同目标的学习者及其助学者共同构成的团体.之所以提出学习共同体是基于知识转变与社会转型所带来的人才培养模式的革新.我们当前的大学教学组织形式在某种程度上已经成为制约学生个性发展和人才培养的桎梏;学习共同体作为大学教学组织的创新模型必须从目标确立、组织保障、教学内容、教学策略等诸多方面进行建构.     

适应性学习支持系统的学习内容组织策略研究

针对适应性学习支持系统(ALSS)的适应性学习内容动态组织问题,根据基于认知状态和学习风格的学生模型,在基于知识树的领域知识表示、媒体空间和面向完整任务的教学策略基础上,提出了一种适应性学习内容动态组织过程模型,从基于认知状态的学习内容组织、基于学习风格的适应性内容表示和基于学习风格的适应性导航三方面阐述了适应性学习内容的动态组织策略,并通过SCORM标准实现适应性学习内容聚合。适应性学习支持系统的学习内容组织策略为适应性学习支持系统动态地生成适合学习者个体特征的学习内容提供了一种可行的方法。     

基于学习型组织的软件实训模式

提出了系统完整的学习型组织的过程模型(6P-IB模型),认为要使组织从整体上具有学习和自我更新的行为能力,必须在组织的运作中具备发现、发明、选择、执行、推广、反馈6个过程以及知识库,并将该模型应用到学生的实训过程中.实践表明,基于学习型组织的软件实训模式对学生学习和自我更新的行为能力的提高、社会竞争力的增强、软件工程专业学生就业率的提高都起着积极的作用,同时,也改变了学生创新能力欠佳的现状,探索了一条具有特色的人才培养途径.     

'Mind the gap': An empirical study of the gap between intention and actual usage of corporate e-learning programmes in the financial industry

While numerous previous studies have focused on the use of some corporate e-learning programmes (CELP), little is known about the difference between users' pre-installation reactions to CELP and user's post-installation reactions to CELP. This study narrows the above gap with two investigations into a financial company's CELP. In the pre-installation phase, we surveyed users' need for cognition, attitudes towards corporate e-learning and intentions for the use of corporate e-learning (INT) in relation to the CELP. Ten months after the installation, we conducted a second investigation to examine learning outcomes on the basis of users' perceptions of CELP utility, CELP satisfaction, affective reaction to CELP and the actual CELP usage (UGE). We examined the proposed model with multiple regression analyses and found a gap between INT and UGE. The second investigation identified potential factors that contributed to the differences in UGE between two groups of high-INT learners. Results indicated that time management and technical problems were the two critical factors that led to UGE differences. Findings of this study can illuminate relationships among learners' attitudes, usage and reaction towards the CELP.     

Contemporary Learning Environments: Designing e-Learning for Education in the Professions

Designing e-learning environments for quality professional education is a challenge for education designers, as the continuing practice of simply moving courses online can be surprisingly disabling. We argue that as universities strive to educate for excellence in professional practice, design approaches for the e-learning components must be conceptualized in a broader view of a contemporary learning environment involving integrated virtual and physical dimensions. These are comprehensively considered in an integrated way to facilitate learning experiences providing an emphasis on grounded practice. Our paper considers learning environments in the service of a broader understanding of a professional "practicum." In providing the more flexible, immediate and evolving virtual experiences, e-learning as a feature must take account of a range of education design considerations we model in a framework of elements. These are outlined, and broader issues are illuminated through a comparative case analysis of educational technology developments at Deakin University in the two professional fields of teaching and journalism. The Education Studies Online (ESO) project and the HOTcopy newsroom simulation project exemplify elements of the approach recommended in addressing the challenges of quality professional education. We highlight the generative role of the education designer in adopting an integrative and strategic stance, when creating such environments. Implications for the selection and use of various e-learning resources and corporate e-learning systems become evident as we highlight the dangers of a returning "instructional industrialism" as we risk allowing courses to "move online", rather than moving towards proposed features of contemporary learning environments.     

Rethinking e-learning support strategies

This paper discusses an e-learning support team model developed as part of a new e-learning strategy within a tertiary education polytechnic. Based upon a community of practice model, the e-Team supports the establishment of e-learning and m-learning (mobile learning) throughout the institution as a catalyst for the adoption of social constructivist pedagogy. The paper reviews and reflects upon the impact of strategies for creating and supporting communities of practice across the institution along with the ways this model is achieving the breaking down of the barriers to ‘e’ and ‘m’ learning adoption among lecturers. This model helped to move lecturers from non-engagement to legitimate peripheral participation and onto full participation within the institution’s e-learning community, and ultimately enabling social constructivist learning environments for students. This model based on a community of practice framework for e-learning support is potentially transferable to other educational contexts.     

Evaluating Training Outcomes in Corporate E-Learning and Classroom Training

The study contributes to training evaluation research by systematically comparing training outcomes between corporate e-learning and classroom training. We investigated a sample of vocational trainees (N?=?86) in a field experiment with a time-lag design and examined their subjective as well as objective training success. While training success was subjectively perceived to vary in effectiveness depending on the setting right after the training, with higher scores for trainees in classroom training, it was perceived similarly effective in both training settings after six to eight weeks. With regard to objective training success, we found that whereas declarative and procedural knowledge scores increased for e-learning trainees, they decreased for trainees in classroom training. However, strengths of e-learning become more prevalent six to eight weeks after the training. Thus in the end, e-learning is as effective as classroom training for procedural knowledge and more effective than classroom training for declarative knowledge as e-learning trainees catch up on previous differences across time. We conclude that it is not the training setting or delivery media per se that leads to higher levels of trainings success in the long run but in order to be effective, trainings should be designed taking especially the type of learning content (declarative or procedural knowledge) into account.     

Searching for the role of emotions in e-learning

This special issue of Learning and Instruction examines the role of emotions in academic learning, with a special focus on emotions in computer-supported academic learning (or e-learning). Three central research challenges concerning emotion in e-learning are: identification (e.g., what are the key emotions in e-learning?), measurement (e.g., how can we tell how strongly a learner is experiencing each key emotion during e-learning?), and explanation (e.g., what are the causes and consequences of the learner's emotional state during learning?). A useful goal of research on emotions in e-learning is to test an affective-cognitive model of e-learning with links among an e-learning episode, the learner's emotional reaction during learning, the learner's cognitive processing during learning, and the learning outcome.     

论网络课程及其开发

本文从分析当前网络课程研究中存在的问题出发,辨析了网络课程的概念,界定了网络课程的构成要素,分析了网络课程和网络课件、网络教学系统的关系。论文讨论了影响网络课程开发的特殊因素,对网络课程开发的目标模式赋予了新的内涵,提出了目标导向的网络课程开发模式(ODeCDM),并对该模式的主要环节进行了讨论。     

Do cultural differences affect users’ e-learning adoption? A meta-analysis

The great advantages of e-learning have been recognized, and efforts have been made to promote e-learning adoption. Despite valuable research achievements from technology adoption, previous studies built their models from different perspectives. In this study, to offer a comprehensive research model on e-learning adoption, we integrated these models (ie, TAM, TPB and IDT) and included culture as a moderator. Based on 45 relevant empirical research, this study conducted a meta-analysis to explore key determinants of users’ attitude and behavioral intention to adopt e-learning. Combined with traditional technology acceptance theories and innovation diffusion theory, we developed a comprehensive model and explored the moderating role of culture. The results indicate that this integrated technology acceptance model can be applied to better understand e-learning adoption. The moderator analysis shows that the influence of subjective norms and self-efficacy on users’ behavior intention is more salient in the collectivistic culture, whereas perceived usefulness is more important for online learners in an individualistic culture.     

E-learning technology and higher education: the impact of organizational trust

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of trust perceptions on teachers’ intention to continue using e-learning technology in higher education. Drawing on the model of organizational trust and the information systems continuance model, a new research model is developed and tested using data from a university college based on a survey of 401 university teachers. We find that teachers’ perceptions of system-based trust and trust in management exerted strong direct effects on intention to continue using an e-learning system. Additionally, system-based trust affects perceived usefulness, and thus fully mediates the influence of perceived usefulness on teachers’ intentions to use e-learning technology. Our findings clarify the relationship between trust and teachers continued use of e-learning technology and have implications, theoretical as well as practical, for trust-building structures that could improve the implementation of e-learning technologies in higher educational settings.     

A Reference Model for Sustainable E-Learning Service Systems:Experiences with the Joint University/Teradata Consortium

Many e-learning service systems fail. This is particularly true for those sponsored by joint industry/university consortia where substantial economic investments are required up-front. This article provides an industry/university consortia reference model validated through experiences with the 8-year-old Teradata University Network. The reference model addresses basic and advanced sustainability capabilities that integrate partner, application, faculty, student, and e-learning service system issues. Our validation of the reference model includes a mapping to the literature regarding recent advances in e-learning service system infrastructures and supported capabilities. One outcome of that validation step is a comprehensive set of capability assessment questions to be used by consortia.     

Human and social factors affecting the decision of students to accept e-learning

It is significant to highlight that educational technologies cannot improve academic performance if they are not widely accepted and used. Unfortunately, the decision not to accept e-learning continues to be a fundamental issue. The current research provided an alternative lens to view a decision to accept and use technology in a developing country landscape. Accordingly, the present study focused on the impact of human and social factors on the decision to accept e-learning. The undergraduate students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) formed the contextual setting. The theoretical framework employed was a modified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Accordingly, a survey questionnaire was used to employ a dataset of 204 and 15 students in April 2015 for quantitative and qualitative data. Overall, the principal findings show that social influence, attitude and perceived usefulness, stress, satisfaction and fatigue are critical to behavioural intention to accept e-learning. Meanwhile, strong correlations between perceived usefulness and social influence; previous e-learning experience and average time spent using e-learning; previous e-learning experience and behavioural intention demonstrate how the human and social factors influence the e-learning acceptance culture. Ultimately, the contribution provided valuable insights on how to speed up the process of adoption, the use and continuance of e-learning by an understanding of human and social factors. Moreover, recognising human, social and cultural components make it possible to improve e-learning experiences of users. The implications suggest that a better integration of human and social factors to e-learning may help reduce forms of e-learning challenges and shed new insights for theory.