比色训练系统在口腔修复临床前教学中的应用

介绍比色训练系统的主要构成和特点.在口腔修复临床前教学中应用此系统,不但能够增强学生的学习积极性、巩固基础理论知识,而且能够提高临床操作技能,值得进一步在口腔教学中推广应用.     

浅谈PBL在口腔修复教学中的实践应用

口腔修复学是口腔医学的主干学科之一,实践操作性强,为此口腔修复学的教学中特别重视临床实践的应用。在临床实践教学中进行PBL教学方法的应用,不仅能够锻炼学生口腔修复的临床实践能力,而且口腔修复学理论知识得到进一步巩固,从而为今后口腔修复学的临床实习和工作打下坚实的实践和理论基础。     

仿头模系统引入口腔临床基本技能实验的方法和评价

为适应当前口腔专业发展的需要,增强学生临床动手能力,提高学习兴趣,我校在实验教学中增设有关仿真头颅模型系统的实验课程。以口腔医学技术专业学生为对象,利用现有的仿真头颅系统,精心编写相应的教学和实验教案,采用PBL教学法,使学生在应用此系统后不但能够增强学生的学习积极性、巩固基础理论知识,而且能够提高临床操作技能,值得进一步在口腔教学中推广应用。     

PBL教学模式在口腔内科学临床实践教学中的运用

对于在口腔内科学临床实践教学中采用PBL教学法进行了探讨,我们认为与传统的教学模式相比,PBL教学模式有明显的优点,能够提高临床实习学生的临床思维能力和主动获取知识以及综合应用知识的能力。     

口腔预防教学社区实习基地建设的探索与思考

为探讨口腔预防教学社区实习基地的建设在提高学生综合能力上的作用,本文选择宁夏医科大学口腔医学院2015级五年制本科共34名学生,一周在临床诊室实习,一周在社区基地实习,实习结束后进行问卷调查,结果显示,82.4%的学生认为该教学法能够提升学习兴趣和巩固理论知识。口腔预防教学社区实习基地的建设能够得到学生的认可,有助于提高学生的综合能力,但完整的社区实习基地系统还有待进一步的完善。     

PBL教学法在口腔内科临床前教学中的实践与探索

口腔内科学作为口腔临床医学专业的重要学科之一,专业性及临床操作性极强,如何在临床前学习阶段有效地将理论与实践结合非常重要。本文总结了我院近几年的口腔内科教学经验,探索PBL教学模式在口腔内科临床前教学中的应用,为口腔内科教学以至口腔医学教学方法的改革提供一些经验。     

以问题为基础的教学方法在临床实习中的应用

以问题为基础的教学方式在医学教学领域中已广泛应用，但在口腔工艺技术教学中却应用较少，将以问题为基础的教学方式应用于口腔工艺技术教学过程，可使教学方法灵活、多样，能够激发学生的学习热情，增强教学效果。     

三维面部扫描数字化测量系统在口腔颌面外科教学中的应用

本文分析口腔颌面外科学教学在二维化理论教学、传统实验教学、传统临床教学等方面的局限性,阐明三维数字化测量系统与口腔颌面外科教学的结合点,阐述在实验课教学和临床实习中运用三维数字化测量系统优化教学的策略。     

PBL教学理念在“口腔种植学”实验课中的应用研究

“口腔种植学”是一门研究如何采用生物材料制成的人工牙根、牙冠替代缺失牙,以获得长期稳定的咀嚼功能和外形美观的口腔临床医学,其学科知识的综合性及临床操作的专业性,决定了实验课教学是该课程教学的重要环节。广西医科大学口腔种植学教研室将PBL教学理念与自身学科特点相结合,通过模拟临床情境以及改良教学评价体系等教学手段,在本科口腔医学专业“口腔种植学”的实验课教学中取得了理想的教学效果。     

口腔仿真头模教学系统用于口腔专业实验教学效果的调查

目的调查口腔临床模拟系统的技工台和仿真头模教学系统在口腔实验教学中的充分利用情况及其效果。方法在同一届口腔医学专业学生实验教学中充分利用了口腔临床模拟系统的技工台和仿真头模教学系统,并对学生进行问卷调查和操作考核。结果充分利用仿真头模教学系统能够显著提高口腔实验教学的质量。结论仿真头模教学系统是提高口腔实验教学质量的重要保证和口腔医学生进行临床前期技能训练必不可少的手段。     

Effect of Dental Course Cycle on Anatomical Knowledge and Dental Carving Ability of Dental Students

This study assessed the effect of the course cycle on theoretical knowledge of dental morphology and the dental carving ability of dental students. Thirty-two dental students from the third semester (initial cycle) and 30 students from the eighth and tenth semesters of the dental course (end cycle) had their theoretical knowledge on dental morphology assessed using a questionnaire with ten closed questions. Their dental carving ability was also assessed using wax carvings in macro models of plaster (for the third [S3] and eight [S8] semesters) and natural-sized artificial teeth (for the tenth [S10] semester). The teeth chosen for the dental carving activity were #16 and #47. The scores were statistically analyzed using the t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney test (α = 0.05). Students from the initial cycle presented better theoretical knowledge than the other groups did (P < 0.007). No significant differences in carving score were found between the initial and end cycles (P > 0.05), although S10 students obtained a higher score for teeth #16 and #47 (P < 0.05). Natural-sized artificial teeth received a higher evaluation score in dental carvings than the macro models (P < 0.001). Within the limits of this study, it was possible to conclude that students from the initial cycle (S3) presented higher theoretical knowledge, whereas no difference in carving ability was observed between the initial and end cycles. The tenth semester (S10) students performed dental carvings with better quality. Furthermore, carvings in natural-sized artificial teeth presented better quality compared with the macro models.     

Anatomical sciences: A foundation for a solid learning experience in dental technology and dental prosthetics

Basic science courses are extremely important as a foundation for scaffolding knowledge and then applying it in future courses, clinical situations as well as in a professional career. Anatomical sciences, which include tooth morphology, oral histology, oral embryology, and head and neck anatomy form a core part of the preclinical courses in dental technology programs. In this article, the importance and relevance of anatomical sciences to dental personnel with no direct contact with patients (dental technicians) and limited discipline related contact with patients (dental prosthetists) is highlighted. Some light is shed on the role of anatomical sciences in the pedagogical framework and its significance in the educational process and interprofessional learning of dental technicians and prosthetists using oral biology as an example in the dental curriculum. To conclude, anatomical sciences allow dental technicians and prosthetists to a gain a better insight of how tissues function, leading to a better understanding of diagnosis, comprehensive treatment planning and referrals if needed. Patient communication and satisfaction also increases as a result of this deep understanding of oral tissues. Anatomical sciences bridge the gap between basic science, preclinical, and clinical courses, which leads to a holistic approach in patient management. Finally, treatment outcomes are positively affected due to the appreciation of the macro and micro structure of oral tissues. Anat Sci Educ 10: 395–404. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.     

略论喉牙音的互转与他转

喉音与牙音应是五音中最为活跃的两个音系,这种活跃不仅仅因为近古以后喉牙音的大量腭化与归零,更因为喉牙音内部的互转及喉牙音与其他音系的相转。音转是喉牙音最常见和最重要的语音现象,它对谐声、通假、声训、古书异文、一字多音等诸多语言现象有着重要的作用和影响。     

中古齿音开合口在近代的演变

开口呼与合口呼是汉语语音性质的重要区别特征,从齿音的角度探讨中古到近代语音系统所发生的开合变化,可以从一个侧面来揭示这一发展时期语音演变的情况。采用历史比较的方法,对中古和近代的齿音开合口情况进行纵向比较,指出有5组齿音韵字在历史发展中产生了开合变化。     

正畸拔牙患者牙科焦虑症的调查及分析

目的调查正畸拔牙患者拔牙前的焦虑状况,为术前进行心理治疗和心理护理提供指导。方法采用改良Corah牙科焦虑量表（DAS）对270例患者进行调查和统计分析。结果明显患有牙科焦虑症的患者占18.52%（DAS评分值≥13）。结论正畸拔牙患者拔牙前的焦虑状况普遍存在,医护人员应对焦虑患者采取必要的术前心理治疗和护理。     

Educational Interventions to Improve Dental Anatomy Carving Ability of Dental Students: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aimed to identify the level of impact of educational strategies for teaching tooth carving on the carving ability of undergraduate dental students. The PubMed-NCBI, Cochrane-CENTRAL, LILACS, Ibecs, BBO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in May 2019, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two-arm non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSI) addressing educational interventions toward the dental carving of undergraduate students. Studies from the year 2000 until the search date, written in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included. Study screening and data extraction were performed in duplicate and blinded. The data were presented narratively, considering the dental carving ability of students the primary outcome. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB tool 2.0 and ROBINS-I, and the level of evidence was determined with GRADE. Of 3,574 studies, 6 were included, with 3 RCTs and 3 NRSIs. Very low level of evidence was provided from the NRSIs that flipped classroom (1 study; n = 140) and a student-driven revised module (1 study; n = 264) improved the carving ability of students. Additionally, there was moderate evidence of online complementary material (1 RCT; n = 30) and reinforcement class improving the carving ability of students (1 RCT; n = 29). The replacement of traditional classes by an instructional DVD (1 RCT; n = 73) and assessment of carving projects through digital systems (1 NRSI; n = 79) did not enhance the carving ability of students. Study design, risk of bias, and imprecision downgraded the level of evidence. There was a very low to moderate evidence on the effectiveness of student-driven educational approaches and complementary classes of dental anatomy in improving the dental carving ability of students.     

略论喉牙音的互转与他转

喉音与牙音应是五音中最为活跃的两个音系,这种活跃不仅仅因为近古以后喉牙音的大量腭化与归零,更因为喉牙音内部的互转及喉牙音与其他音系的相转。音转是喉牙音最常见和最重要的语音现象,它对谐声、通假、声训、古书异文、一字多音等诸多语言现象有着重要的作用和影响。     

仿生种植牙三维有限元模型

目的:建立成人上颌中切牙的仿生种植体三维有限元模型,为分析与探讨仿生种植牙的生物力学特性奠定基础。以成人上颌中切牙为标本,通过螺旋CT扫描和计算机图像处理技术,获取中切牙各截面的轮廓坐标数据,再通过CAD技术进行单元网格的自动划分,形成SuperSAP模型数据文件,输入到SuperSAP93有限元专用分析软件后建模。结果:建立了有效的仿生种植牙三维有限元模型。结论:模型的几何相似性、生物力学相似性均佳,可用于仿生种植牙的生物力学研究。     

口腔科辅助人员教育的中日比较

通过对日本齿科卫生士教育的介绍及我国口腔辅助人员教育现状及存在的问题进行比较,探讨符合中国国情的口腔辅助人员教育的发展方向。     

Three-Dimensional Tooth Models with Pulp Cavity Enhance Dental Anatomy Education

Dental anatomy is an integrated, core fundamental dental course, which prepares students for all future clinical dental courses. This study aimed to build up an online dental learning platform of micro-computed tomography-based three-dimensional (3D) tooth models with pulp cavity, and to further evaluate its effectiveness for dental anatomy education using a cohort study. First, ninety-six extracted permanent teeth were scanned by micro-computed tomography and the enamel, dentine, and pulp cavity of each was distinguished by different grey-scale intensities using Mimics software. Three-dimensional images allowed further discrimination and insights into permanent three-rooted premolars, central tip, and dental diseases including deep caries and wedge-shaped defects. Furthermore, a second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) in maxillary permanent molar teeth and Vertucci type III root canal configuration in mandibular anterior teeth could be detected using the 3D analytical tool. A digitized 3D tooth model learning platform was implemented. Last, two groups of dental students were assessed to evaluate the effect of 3D models on dental anatomy education. Participants in the Digital group were allowed to use the online dental learning platform freely after class, while the participants in the Traditional group were not. Assessment quizzes showed that participants' scores improved in the Digital group with the use of the learning platform compared with scores in the Traditional group. A questionnaire survey indicated that the participants had a positive attitude toward the 3D models. Thus, adding digital 3D resources to a traditional curriculum may have a positive effect on academic achievements.