全面建设农村小康体育初探

全面小康社会也要有与之相适应的小康体育,而农村小康体育更是小康体育的难点和关键,但是农村小康体育又是整个社会小康体育的重要组成部分,是我国小康体育成败的关键标志。现对全面建设农村小康体育的发展现状及其对策进行初步探索。     

基于小康社会小康体育发展问题的研究

新世纪伊始，我国已经进入全面建设小康社会，加快推进现代化建设的历史发展新阶段。对小康体育的内涵和特征进行了分析，并提出了与小康社会相适应的我国体育事业的发展前景。     

小康社会的小康体育发展战略研究

全面建设小康社会是党的十六大确立的未来20年中国社会的发展目标。本文揭示了小康社会与小康体育的科学内涵,提出了小康体育发展战略,并对其进行客观的分析与展望,以期能为我国小康社会体育的创造与发展提供参考依据,使体育能更好地为小康社会服务。     

小康社会演进中农村体育重点转移的轨迹考察

针对目前存在的关于农村体育发展战略重点的不同观点，分析了小康社会发展的分期和特征，考察了总体小康阶段和全面建设小康阶段农村体育发展重点的确立和演变进程，在分析讨论的基础上，对未来我国农村体育发展战略重点和基点提出了建议。     

中国小康体育初探

小康体育是小康生活条件下的体育。全面建设小康体育社会是富国强民和实现世界体育强国的要求,是贯彻"三个代表"重要思想的体现,是小康社会精神文明建设的需要。全面实现小康体育的途径:坚持以"全民健身计划"为基础,以"奥运争光计划"为龙头协调发展的策略;积极推进体育产业化、娱乐化、休闲化改革,建立健全体育法律法规是保证;大力倡导体育生活方式,积极发展体育文化是动力。     

全面建成小康社会目标下观赏型娱乐体育的发展

党的“十八大”提出了全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标,建设小康体育是建设小康社会的重要组成部分、以体育需求及体育参与为研究出发点,提出发展观赏型娱乐体育是建设小康体育的重要内容,并对发展观赏型娱乐体育的新思路进行探讨。     

对农村体育向“小康体育”发展的探讨——陕西省农村体育发展现状及对策研究

通过实地考察、专家访谈等方法,从全面建设小康社会出发,对陕西省建设农村“小康体育”的实践进行科学分析,认为新世纪陕西省农村体育工作向着更健康方向发展,全民健身工程稳步前进,人民生活透视出基本具备建设陕西省农村小康体育的条件;资金、组织建设、思想重视程度等依然是影响全面建设小康体育进程的主要因素。     

基于小康社会小康体育内涵的研究

党的十六大报告给我们描绘了全面建设小康社会的宏伟蓝图，在这宏伟目标的体系下，探讨了小康体育的内涵、特征，发展小康体育的目标及实施小康体育的措施。认为发展小康体育应是群众体育、竞技体育、体育产业的协调发展，共同满足广大群众多元体育文化需求。     

对科学发展观下实现体育与国民经济和谐社会协调发展的思考

全面建设小康社会为体育事业可持续发展提供了良好的社会环境和机遇,要充分利用这个机遇,落实科学发展观,坚持以人为本,全面建设小康体育,实现体育与国民经济及和谐社会的协调发展.     

中国小康体育的形成与发展

小康体育是２１世纪中国体育发展的缩影。文章首先阐释了小康体育形成的社会背景；其次提出小康体育概念的依据，并概括出小康体育的特点；最后对小康体育发展走向进行了推测展望。     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。