浅析底部框架抗震墙砖房抗震措施

底框结构在我国有较广应用。本文分析了底层框架一抗震墙砖房震害特点及原因,并结合历次震害资料及设计实践,对这类结构的抗震设计进行了探讨。     

浅谈多层砖混结构房屋抗震设计中的关键技术

多层砖混结构房屋由于砌体结构自身材料的脆弱,整体性差,致使房屋抗震性能较低.因此,必须把抗震措施作为重要的课题进行探讨.本文通过分析地震震害特点,及抗震设计中应考虑的主要因素,针对抗震承载力的计算,实践中柱和圈梁的设置等问题进行探讨.     

汶川地震震害对建筑结构设计提出的思考

结合汶川地震震害调查报告会及对汶川地震中建筑物震害的资料研究,分析汶川地震中砌体、框架、砌体——钢筋混凝土混合结构3种结构体系的震害特点和震害原因,探讨这3种结构体系的抗震性能,总结了一些经验和教训,在此基础上,提出了建筑结构抗震设计中应注意的问题和改进建议,供实际工程设计参考。     

建筑物受震破坏的原因分析及现有房屋的抗震加固措施

对建筑物震害原因及结构破坏机理作了简要介绍，探讨了对现有建筑进行抗震加固的意义并对国内当前常用的加固技术措施作了详细的分析和研究。     

公路隧道洞口段地震动力分析

根据以往的受震破坏经验,在公路隧道的高烈度地震带,地下工程可能会遭受严重震害,尤其洞口段为抗震薄弱区,本文采用FLAC3D软件,从土—结构相互作用模型出发,运用数值分析方法对隧道洞口段进行了三维弹性和弹塑性分析,得出了相应结论,并对结果进行分析,指出隧道抗减震设计中应注意的事项,并提出相应解决措施。     

地下结构抗震课程教学实践与探索

《地下结构抗震》课程是城市地下空间工程专业一门重要的专业课,是理论与工程实践密切联系的一门课程,要求学生通过学习,能够掌握地下结构抗震研究发展现状及趋势、地下结构的典型震害机理、地震工程的基本知识、地下结构抗震的设计理论和方法。本文通过对比分析“地下结构”和“地面建筑结构”的异同以及本科生先修专业基础课方面的不足,提出针对《地下结构抗震》课程的讲授方法,从形象化展示地下结构与地面建筑结构的区别;教学重点和教学方法调整;培养学生解决实际工程能力;坚持教学与科研一体化,相互促进、协调发展等四个方面详细展开,旨在改革传统的教学方法,有效提高教学质量。     

我国建筑结构的抗震设计思路

地震是一种自然现象,它具有多年不遇、无法预报、破坏严重的特点．我国是一个多地震的国家,因此在工程中尽可能的减小震害就显得十分重要．根据对大量建筑震害情况分析,从概念设计方面着手,归纳总结了若干防范措施．本文综述了我国建筑结构的抗震设计方法的发展过程,通过与国外规范的比较指出我国规范对抗震设计存在的问题。     

提高建筑工程抗震性能的探索

我国是一个地震多发国家,地震区分布广大,很多城市位于地震区,70%以上的城市都应进行抗震设防.本文通过对当前建筑工程抗震常见问题的分析,指出了提升建筑工程抗震性能的有效措施.     

隧道及地下工程相关抗震设计规范比较研究

通过对国内隧道及地下工程5种典型规范进行对比和分析,指出规范间的差距,并重点对《公路工程抗震设计规范》的修订从地震作用分析、抗震设计方法、地震作用、减震和延性设计等方面提出建议.     

多层砖混房屋抗震性能分析

本文通过对多层砖混结构的震害进行分析,并根据砖混房屋结构特点,结合自身设计经验,提出在砖混房屋抗震设计中应注意的几个问题及采取的相应措施,对多层砌体房屋的抗震设计具有重要的指导意义。     

城市地下空间开发及地下结构抗震防灾综述

近几十年来,地下结构在城市建设、交通运输、国防工程、水利工程等各个领域得到了广泛应用。尤其在城市建设方面,地铁以其快速、清洁、高效等特点,在世界上大多数经济发达地区大城市的交通系统中发挥了不可替代的作用。伴随着城市地下空间开发利用的迅猛发展,地下结构形式也将越来越复杂,同时也存在不少需要重点研究的课题,其中包括强化地下结构的抗震防灾研究。     

Ground-borne vibrations due to dynamic loadings from moving trains in subway tunnels

In this study, ground vibrations due to dynamic loadings from trains moving in subway tunnels were investigated using a 2.5D finite element model of an underground tunnel and surrounding soil interactions. In our model, wave propagation in the infinitely extended ground is dealt with using a simple, yet efficient gradually damped artificial boundary. Based on the assumption of invariant geometry and material distribution in the tunnel??s direction, the Fourier transform of the spatial dimension in this direction is applied to represent the waves in terms of the wave-number. Finite element discretization is employed in the cross-section perpendicular to the tunnel direction and the governing equations are solved for every discrete wave-number. The 3D ground responses are calculated from the wave-number expansion by employing the inverse Fourier transform. The accuracy of the proposed analysis method is verified by a semi-analytical solution of a rectangular load moving inside a soil stratum. A case study of subway train induced ground vibration is presented and the dependency of wave attenuation at the ground surface on the vibration frequency of the moving load is discussed.     

临近地铁深基坑开挖安全施工

上海香港广场（南块）地下室基坑挖深较大，其采用地下连续墙围护加五道水平布置的钢筋混凝土支撑支护的方案施工。实施后的监测表明，该种方案适用于繁华商业区尤其是邻近地铁等重要地下工程的软弱土地基深基坑开挖施工。     

地铁旁穿桥梁桩基础数值模拟

以大连地铁旁穿高架桥桩基础为背景,利用有限元软件MIDAS/GTS建立了三维数值模型,研究了隧道施工过程桩的内力和位移的变化规律。分析结果表明:桩顶竖向沉降值最大;桩的水平位移先增大,后减小,由正值逐渐变为负值;隧道周围土体的损失使桩周土层发生沉降,产生负摩阻力,使桩的轴力在10¹5 m处变化很大;沉降槽内,地表隧道中线处沉降值最大,离中心越远其值越小。     

顶层悬挂结构体系的减震研究

通过对顶层的不同的悬挂质量结构体系的计算进行推导,并进行分析比较,得出顶层串式设多个悬挂质量体系是各悬挂质量结构体系中减震效果最好的结构体系。     

Study on dynamic response of embedded long span corrugated steel culverts using scaled model shaking table tests and numerical analyses

INTRODUCTION On Jan. 17, 1995, the Hyogoken-nanbu earth-quake in Kobe, Japan, caused great destructive and damage to underground structures, such as subway structures, mountain tunnels, multipurpose under-ground ducts and other underground structures, which had previously been considered to be resistant to earthquake effects (JSCE, 1996; ECRHAED, 1998). This earthquake revealed that a number of critical issues should be added in the seismic design and seismic strengthening of undergr…     

Experimental Study of Structure Shock Vibration in Soft Caused by Explosion of Conventional Weapons

When hitting underground structures directly or exploding in rock-soil media near underground structures, the conventional weapons with large charge weight will make underground structures be subjected to strong shock vibration and cause personal casualty and damage of precision electronic equipments, The shock vibration has become one of the cardinal killing means of weapons. However, the existing methods of predicting structure shock vibration are limited evidently. In this paper the coupling coefficient of acceleration in clayey soil is obtained firstly. Subsequently based on repeated experiments of chemical explosion, after dimension analysis and by using method of multivariate stepwise regression, the calculation formulae of shock vibration acceleration for the underground structure are obtained finally. The formulae consider top and side explosion respectively, taking into account the effects of penetration depth, charge weight, distance to explosion center, rock-soil media, size of structure and buried depth. They are easy to use with high practicability and degree of confidence, and can provide credible evidence for prediction of shock vibration and vibration isolating design of underground structure.     

Experimental Study of Structure Shock Vibration in Soil Caused by Explosion of Conventional Weapons

When hitting underground structures directly or exploding in rock-soil media near underground structures, the conventional weapons with large charge weight will make underground structures be subjected to strong shock vibration and cause personal casualty and damage of precision electronic equipments. The shock vibration has become one of the cardinal killing means of weapons. However, the existing methods of predicting structure shock vibration are limited evidently. In this paper the coupling coefficient of acceleration in clayey soil is obtained firstly. Subsequently based on repeated experiments of chemical explosion, after dimension analysis and by using method of multivariate stepwise regression, the calculation formulae of shock vibration acceleration for the underground structure are obtained finally. The formulae consider top and side explosion respectively, taking into account the effects of penetration depth, charge weight, distance to explosion center, rock-soil media, size of structure and buried depth. They are easy to use with high practicability and degree of confidence, and can provide credible evidence for prediction of shock vibration and vibration isolating design of underground structure.