略论喉牙音的互转与他转

喉音与牙音应是五音中最为活跃的两个音系,这种活跃不仅仅因为近古以后喉牙音的大量腭化与归零,更因为喉牙音内部的互转及喉牙音与其他音系的相转。音转是喉牙音最常见和最重要的语音现象,它对谐声、通假、声训、古书异文、一字多音等诸多语言现象有着重要的作用和影响。     

喉牙声转考略

喉音与牙音是五音中最为活跃的两个音类,这种活跃不仅体现在近古以后喉牙音的大量腭化与归零上,更体现在喉牙音内部的声转及喉牙音与其他音系的声转上。声转是喉牙音中最常见和最重要的语音现象,它对谐声、通假、声训、古书异文、一字多音等诸多语言现象有着重要的作用和影响。     

汉英相似音素的“貌合神离”——兼谈英语语音学习失误的原因和解决策略

语音学习是语言学习的起始和关键。中国学生的英语语音失误问题直接影响其英语学习过程中各项技能的发展和提高。文章借助负迁移理论,对英汉相似音素进行对比分析,发现其本质区别,提出语音失误的解决策略及具体的训练方法,同时增强英语学习者掌握必要语音理论的意识。     

英语学习中语音负迁移现象初探

通过汉英两种语言对比,从音位、声调/语调语言、重音和节奏等层面分析了汉语语音对英语学习的负迁移作用,以便更好地帮助学生克服母语的负迁移影响,提高英语学习效率。     

现代哈萨克语语音研究问题

音位、音住组合、语流音变是哈萨克语语音研究三个不同层次的基本内容。音位系统涉及音位及其变体以及音质特点等,非音质语音要素也是其内在的重要方面。音位组合结果为音节、复辅音和复元音,其类另别与音位在组配中受到的限制（组配规律）有关,而语音和谐正是重要的组配规律之一。哈萨克语音位809种相邻情况55％以上会发生语流音变,它关系到语句语音形式的真实性,本文示例性列举了7种表现及6类规律。     

前强后响复合元音的音位处理

二合元音中前强后响元音具有渐强与渐开的语音性质,它的后滑音分为有音位价值与无音位价值两类,在广西武鸣壮语与浙江庆元、松阳话中,其音位处理上要将这种后滑音以上标的方式标出。     

略论喉牙音的互转与他转

喉音与牙音应是五音中最为活跃的两个音系,这种活跃不仅仅因为近古以后喉牙音的大量腭化与归零,更因为喉牙音内部的互转及喉牙音与其他音系的相转。音转是喉牙音最常见和最重要的语音现象,它对谐声、通假、声训、古书异文、一字多音等诸多语言现象有着重要的作用和影响。     

Statistical Learning of Speech Sounds in Dyslexic and Typical Reading Children

ABSTRACT

Statistical learning has been proposed to underlie the developmental transition during infancy from allophonic to phonemic speech sound perception. Based on this, it can be hypothesized that in dyslexic individuals, core phonemic representation deficits arise from reduced sensitivity to the statistical distribution of sounds. This study aims to investigate (a) whether statistical learning contributes to the construction of phonemic representations in typical readers, and (b) whether deficits in statistical learning underlie dyslexia. Fifty-eight children performed an identification task of a non-native phonetic contrast, before and after exposure to the sounds of the continuum. Our results suggest that the statistical distribution of the presented sounds implicitly enhanced the formation of phonemic representations and that dyslexic readers make less use of the statistical cues embedded in oral language, resulting in less distinct phonemic categories and thus a higher risk for failing to establish robust connections between these and written language.     

试论英语语音的模糊性

文章从静态和动态两个角度探讨英语语音的模糊性。首先，以音素为切入点，发现根据声腔的开放和封闭基本可以把元音和辅音分清楚，但由于声腔的开放大小没有明确的界限，实际上所获得的是近似的模糊音；接着以音位为切入点，从音位变体，非音质音位等方面来考察，发现语音的社会性促成音位变体间的模糊界限；再以语流音变为切入点，从同化、异化等五种语流音变现象中，发现相邻音彼此间相互影响以及语速的快慢、声音的高低、强弱导致语音模糊性。     

The proper name as starting point for basic reading skills

Does alphabetic-phonetic writing start with the proper name and how does the name affect reading and writing skills? Sixty 4- to 5½-year-old children from middle SES families with Dutch as their first language wrote their proper name and named letters. For each child we created unique sets of words with and without the child’s first letter of the name to test spelling skills and phonemic sensitivity. Name writing correlated with children’s knowledge of the first letter of the name and phonemic sensitivity for the sound of the first letter of the name. Hierarchical regression analysis makes plausible that both knowledge of the first letter’s name and phonemic sensitivity for this letter explain why name writing results in phonetic spelling with the name letter. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

论哈萨克语音位聚合规则

音节是语音的基本单位。哈萨克语音节由元音或元辅音相加构成,哈萨克语有六种基本音节形态。哈萨克语构成音位以及音位的组合聚合,要受到音位特征和社会习惯的制约;同时也和音位的历史发展演变有关。     

日语元音加权英语基音位注音法

传统的教材与教法主要通过发音的描述和听觉的感知使学生习得日语语音,这不适合成人认知语音的优势特征。本文通过定义基音位与加权的概念和基于对元音声波波形的研究以及日、英元音双五边形特性的分析导出一个较为符合成人认识心理特征的“日元音加权音标表”。为学生借助于他们熟知的英语元音,采用严式音标注音的方法来学习日语语音提供一条较为科学的途径。     

General auditory processing, Chinese tone processing, English phonemic processing and English reading skill: a comparison between Chinese-English and Korean-English bilingual children

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between general auditory processing, Chinese tone processing, English phonemic processing and English reading skill in a group of Chinese-English bilingual children with a tonal L1 and Korean-English counterparts with a non-tonal L1. We found that general auditory processing contributed to variance in English word reading skill for Chinese children after controlling for Chinese tone and English phoneme deletion skill. English phonemic processing, on the other hand, explained a significant amount of unique variance in English reading for Korean children after controlling for general auditory and Chinese tone skill. These findings suggest that Chinese children relied more on general auditory processing in reading English, whereas Korean children relied more on phonemic skill in reading English. These findings are discussed in terms of the impact of cross-language differences in bilingual reading acquisition.     

The effects of blending and spelling training on the decoding skills of young poor readers

Blending and spelling training were compared in this experiment to determine which intervention would improve the decoding skills of two first-grade boys with learning disabilities who were in the phonetic cue stage of reading. Additionally, the two boys received pre- and posttest administrations of a phonemic segmentation task. Although neither intervention proved superior, the children met the learning criterion for both interventions and demonstrated both maintenance and generalization of their skills. They also improved their phonemic skills, even though independent training in this area was not provided. It appeared that the equivalence of the interventions may have been due to the intensive instructional setting and use of systematic error analysis procedures.     

维吾尔族学习者对汉语普通话塞音的范畴感知

文章通过范畴感知实验研究雏吾尔族学习者对汉语普通话送气／不送气塞音音位的感知模式。实验结果表明,维吾尔族学习者能够在感知中区分普通话的不送气和送气塞音两种音位范畴,但是区分能力较低。尽管[送气]不是维吾尔语音系中的区别性特征,但是由于维语中的清塞音具有送气变体,因此学习者能够很好地在感知中分辨送气塞音,而对不送气塞音的分辨能力较差,同时他们对这两种范畴的感知受到了母语音系中的清／浊范畴的影响,将汉语普通话中的送气／不送气特征都感知为母语中的清音范畴。     

可理解性超语段音位习得研究

语音教学该教什么、如何教一直是困扰大学英语教学研究者和实践者的问题。大学英语教学不应该推卸语音教学的责任而回避语音教学。针对目前大学生语音基础薄弱、水平参差不齐的现状,大学英语语音教学更要有选择性和目的性,应将培养可理解性输入作为多数人的语音目标。     

论形声字"声符"表意的复杂性

形声字“声符”表意是形声型汉字写词中的一条基本规律。不管是“表意字形声化”“同源通用分化”,还是“同音假借分化”的形声字,其“声符”和词义之间总有着或隐或现的示意关系。     

英语单词结构分析及记忆

通过该文分析研究表明,英语单词的内在结构为"字母-音素-词素-单词",而不是简单的"字母-单词",为了将单词的这种内在结构表现出来,该文设计了一种符号,该符号适用于所有单词,能体现英语单词内在统一的音、形和意,揭示字母构成单词的语音规则和构词原理。采用本方法记忆英语单词,能使学习者形成以音素和词素为结点的网状单词思维,改变原有的线性单词思维,不仅能实现新单词的快速记忆,而且大大减少单词拼写错误。     

亚纯函数亏量和的Ozawa问题

对Ozawa问题,结合詹小平和雷春林关于导数亏量的有关结果,证明了,设f(z)习为有限级λ的亚纯函数,存在只与p = min(k, n+ 1),λ有关的正正常数d,满足:p-1p≤ d≤12,使得∑a∈cδ(a,fk+f(n))≤2-dk(λ),及对于任意正数nk≥1,满足n-k 2n-2k+4≤d≤12,使得∑a∈cδ(a,f(n)fk)≤2-dk(λ)。     

襄阳方言儿化现象

襄阳方言作为北方方言的一种,儿化现象十分普遍,文章就其儿化的语音现象、儿化出现的方式特点和使用范围进行整理和分析,以揭示襄阳方言的儿化特点和规律.