聋生自我意识与社会期望的关系研究

研究采用《PIERS-HARRIS儿童自我意识量表》与《儿童社会期望量表(CSD)》对邯郸市、邢台市、石家庄市、唐山市共159名聋生进行了测试,以期了解聋生自我意识与社会期望之间的相互关系.研究结果表明:聋生自我意识和社会期望在性别上无显著差异;聋生自我意识在年级上存在显著差异;而社会期望在年级上无显著差异;聋生在行为、智力与学校情况、焦虑、合群、幸福与满足等维度上都与聋生的社会期望呈极其显著的正相关,在躯体外貌与属性维度上与社会期望呈显著正相关,总体上聋生的自我意识与社会期望呈极其显著的正相关.     

初中生自主性结构及其发展特点研究

本研究采用自编的《初中生自主性发展自陈问卷》,对257名初中生的自主性从三个维度进行研究,结果表明:(1)初中生自主性发展具有独特的年级特点。在自主性发展水平上,初一与初二、初三学生之间存在显著的年级差异,并且初一水平好于初二、初三;初二与初三学生之间不存在显著的年级差异。初二是自主性发展水平下降最为明显的阶段。到了初三,除自我控制维度继续呈下降趋势外,其余维度及总体发展水平不再下降。(2)初中生在自主性的总体发展水平及自我依靠和自我主张两个维度上均不存在显著的性别差异,但在自我控制维度上存在显著的性别差异,并且女生水平好于男生。初一学生在自我控制维度上、初二学生在总体发展水平上存在显著性别差异,而且均表现为女生水平好于男生。初三学生中不存在显著的性别差异。     

高中聋生创造力与心理健康的关系

本研究选取高中聋生79名,采用问卷法,在考察聋生创造力和心理健康发展水平的基础上,旨在探讨其心理健康各因素对创造力的影响.结果表明:(1)高一聋生在创造力流畅性、变通性和独特性三个维度上得分均高于预科班和高二的聋生.(2)高中聋生心理健康发展水平的年级主效应显著,即随着年级的增长其心理健康水平呈现出下降的趋势.其中,在学习焦虑、对人焦虑和自责倾向等维度上表现显著;同时,高中阶段学习焦虑的检出率最高,达到52.6％.(3)高中聋生心理健康中冲动倾向对于创造力三个方面都有较好的预测作用,其预测力分别为6.7％、7.7％、5.7％,而孤独倾向对创造力流畅性、变通性具有较好的负向预测作用,其预测力均为6.2％.     

高师学生自我专业发展意识现状调查与分析

采用“高师学生自我专业发展意识问卷”对652名高师学生进行调查,结果表明:(1)总体上,我国高师学生的自我专业发展意识在性别、城乡上不存在显著的差异,在个别维度上存在着性别和城乡的显著性差异:女生的专业发展自我认同的水平高于男生;来自农村的学生在自我调节水平上高于来自城市的学生。(2)不同年级的高师学生的自我专业发展意识存在着显著的差异。四年级的学生无论是从总体上还是在各个维度上的发展水平均高于其他三个年级的学生。(3)教育教学实习对高师学生的自我专业发展意识有着显著的影响,参加教育教学实习能够提高高师学生的自我专业发展意识水平。     

高中聋生的社会支持与应对方式的关系

采用问卷调查法,考察高中阶段聋生的社会支持与应对方式状况,并对二者之间的关系进行了探讨.结果表明:聋生在客观支持和主观支持两个维度上的得分显著低于健听学生,但在支持利用度上不存在显著差异;聋生与健听学生在积极应对方式上的得分无显著差异,而聋生在消极应对方式上的得分显著高于健听学生;在聋生组和健听学生组,社会支持对应对方式都有显著的预测作用.     

聋生竞争意识的内隐认知实验研究

实验采用Jacoby的加工分离程序(PDP) ,以及2X3X2三因素混合设计,考察了聋学生40名,正常学生40名被试对良性竞争语词和过渡竞争语词、中性词三类刺激材料内隐与外显记忆贡献。结果显示:( 1 )聋生与正常生竞争性具有内隐特征;( 2 )聋生表现出无意识性提取贡献大于意识性提取贡献;( 3)聋生在良性竞争性和过渡竞争性维度上,没有明显的差别;( 4 )聋生和正常生竞争性的两个维度在意识性提取贡献上有非常显著的差异,在无意识提取贡献上差别不显著,且在良性竞争性维度上聋生强于正常生,在过渡竞争性维度上正常生强于聋生     

初中生自我概念与学习成绩的相关性分析——基于宜春市二中150名初中生的调查

目的:分析初中生自我概念与学习成绩的相关性。方法:采用田纳西自我概念量表,对宜春市二中150名初中生进行问卷调查,结果:除家庭自我维度外,自我概念其余各维度在年级上呈现显著性差异;除心理自我和社会自我两个维度外,自我概念其余各维度在性别上不存在显著性差异;自我概念与学习成绩呈现出显著的正相关,除生理自我和道德伦理自我外,自我概念其余各维度在学习成绩上均呈现出显著性差异。     

高职生自我概念及其对人格发展的影响

采用田纳西自我概念量表(TSCS)及艾森克人格量表(EPQ)对480名高职生的自我概念和人格进行调查,探讨高职生自我概念的特点及其对人格发展的影响,为高职生心理健康教育及其心理疾病防治提供理论支持。结果发现:①不同性别高职生的自我概念在道德伦理自我、家庭自我、自我概念得分上女生显著高于男生(p<0.05);②高职生自我概念的总分、道德自我、自我认同和自我满意均存在显著的年级差异(p<0.05);③自我概念各因子与人格特征存在显著的相关(p<0.05);④不同自我概念水平的人格特征存在显著差异(p<0.001)。     

幼师专业男生职业价值观及其影响因素研究

本研究采用自编"幼师专业男生职业价值观问卷",对504名幼师专业男生的职业价值观及其影响因素进行调查研究,结果表明:幼师专业男生在职业价值观排序上依次为人际关系、自我发展、贡献、物质生活、威望、家族;男女幼师生在贡献、人际关系和自我发展这三个维度的均分及职业价值观总均分上存在极其显著的差异,在威望和家族这两个维度的均分上存在显著差异;不同年级的幼师专业男生在人际关系、自我发展、物质生活和威望这四个维度的均分上存在显著差异;不同家庭经济状况的幼师专业男生在贡献这一维度的均分上存在显著差异。     

师范生应对方式对心理健康的影响——以精神信仰为中介

以400名师范院校学生为被试,使用大学生精神信仰、应对方式和SCL-90问卷。得出以下结论:(1)师范生的心理应对方式在性别、年级上存在显著差异,在城乡上不存在显著差异;心理健康在性别、年级、城乡上存在显著差异;精神信仰在性别、年级上存在显著差异,在城乡上不存在显著差异。(2)应对方式、心理健康、精神信仰三者之间存在显著相关,精神信仰在应对方式对心理健康有预测关系中起中介变量的作用。     

聋高中生与普通高中生自尊比较研究

本研究对高一至高三年级的94名聋高中生和108名普通高中生的自尊进行了调查与比较研究。结果显示:聋高中生的整体自尊和具体自尊都显著低于普通高中生;聋高中生的自尊发展不存在年级差异,普通高中生的自尊发展存在显著的年级差异,表现出随年龄增长而下降的趋势;聋高中生和普通高中生自尊总体上都不存在性别差异;聋高中生的自尊发展存在年级性别交互作用,高一、高二年级女生的自尊水平高于男生,高三年级男生的自尊水平却显著高于女生。     

中学聋生自我效能感对主观幸福感的影响

目的：探讨中学聋生的主观幸福感与自我效能感状况及两者的关系。方法：采用主观幸福感量表和一般自我效能感量表对180名中学聋生进行调查。结果：初三聋生的生活满意度和自我效能感最低;父母受教育程度高、与母亲共同生活的以及家庭经济条件好的聋生的生活满意度、正性情感和自我效能感显著高于其他聋生;高自我效能感组聋生的正性情感及生活满意度极显著高于低自我效能感组的;被试的自我效能感对其主观幸福感的影响达到显著水平。结论：自我效能感对被试主观幸福感的影响作用不容忽视,特教工作者要特别关注初三阶段、与母亲分开居住、经济条件较困难的聋生,提高他们的自我效能感,从而提升其主观幸福感水平。     

Bullying and repeated conventional transgressions in Swedish schools: How do gender and bullying roles affect students’ conceptions?

Bullying is a moral transgression. Recognizing the importance of approaching bullying from a moral perspective, the present study examines whether children's judgments and reasoning to justify their judgments differ between bullying and repeated conventional transgressions. Our study also explores differences by gender and differences among bullies, victims, and uninvolved students. Participants included 381 students from 13 elementary schools in Sweden. Findings indicate that children judge bullying as more wrong than repeated conventional transgressions; use moral reasons more frequently in their justifications about bullying than about repeated conventional transgressions; and use conventional reasons more frequently to justify their judgments on repeated conventional transgressions as compared with bullying. Female students and nonbullies judged bullying and repeated conventional transgressions as more wrong and used moral reasons more frequently in their justifications of judgments of bullying than did male students and bullies. Male students reported bullying more than did female students. Implications for practice are also discussed.     

The feeling of knowing in deaf adolescents

Forty prelingually deaf high school students were asked to define words from the 1981 Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT). The students then ranked the words they had missed in terms of the difficulty they would expect to have in picking out a picture of the word; that is, they were asked to judge their "feeling of knowing" for the missed words. The PPVT was then given to the students and served as a measure of accuracy for their rank-order judgments. Two comparison groups were established: one was a group of hearing adolescents of the same age as the deaf students, and the second was a group of hearing students of the same reading level as the deaf students. The deaf students were unable to judge their feeling of knowing, but both hearing groups were able to do so.     

Phonological awareness and decoding in deaf/hard-of-hearing students who use visual phonics

Visual phonics, a system of 45 hand and symbol cues that represent the phonemes of spoken English, has been used as a tool in literacy instruction with deaf/hard-of-hearing (DHH) students for over 20 years. Despite years of anecdotal support, there is relatively little published evidence of its impact on reading achievement. This study was designed to examine the relationship between performance on a phonological awareness task, performance on a decoding task, reading ability, and length of time in literacy instruction with visual phonics for 10 DHH kindergarten through Grade 3 students receiving academic instruction with sign-supported English and American Sign Language. Findings indicate that these students were able to use phonological information to make rhyme judgments and to decode; however, no relationship between performance on reading ability and length of time in literacy instruction with visual phonics was found.     

7-15岁聋生心理理论发展特点及影响因素的分析

目的:分析7-15岁聋生心理理论发展的特点以及对其心理理论发展产生影响的各因素.方法:采用<聋儿手语能力评价表>、意外地点任务和误导图片任务对138名7-15岁在校聋生进行调查.结果:不同性别聋生的心理理论发展没有显著差异;先天手语聋生在7、8岁时已经获得了心理理论能力,而后天手语聋生约在11岁时获得心理理论能力;年龄、手语能力、家庭等因素对聋生心理理论发展产生影响.结论:先天手语聋生和后天手语聋生在心理理论发展上存在显著差异;年龄、手语能力和聋生的心理理论发展都有显著的相关.     

关爱聋生灵活多样开展聋哑学校德育工作探究

立德树人是教育的根本任务,如何将德育工作渗透到学生的日常生活之中,提高德育实效性,是特殊教育工作者需要加以重视的。文章针对聋哑学校德育工作存在的问题,从教师发挥带头示范作用、关爱学生并尊重学生的人格、培养学生自律习惯、建立完善的激励机制、结合生活进行合理评价等方面,探讨聋哑学校德育工作的有效途径。     

手势表征对有助听设备聋生语音提取的影响

以17名有人工耳蜗或助听器的初中聋生为被试,考查手势表征对于聋生语音提取 的影响.被试判断同一汉字在不同词语中的读音是否相同.结果表明,聋生的语音判断受 手势信息的干扰.在聋生的语言表征中,语音表征同手势表征联系较强.初中聋生的语言 表征符合修正的层级模型.     

Print exposure, reading habits, and reading achievement among deaf and hearing college students

This study explored relations of print exposure, academic achievement, and reading habits among 100 deaf and 100 hearing college students. As in earlier studies, recognition tests for book titles and magazine titles were used as measures of print exposure, college entrance test scores were used as measures of academic achievement, and students provided self-reports of reading habits. Deaf students recognized fewer magazine titles and fewer book titles appropriate for reading levels from kindergarten through Grade 12 while reporting more weekly hours of reading. As in previous studies with hearing college students, the title recognition test proved a better predictor of deaf and hearing students' English achievement than how many hours they reported reading. The finding that the recognition tests were relatively more potent predictors of achievement for deaf students than hearing students may reflect the fact that deaf students often obtain less information through incidental learning and classroom presentations.     

Judging plagiarism: a problem of morality and convention

This paper considers the problem of plagiarism as an issue of morality. Outrage about student plagiarism in universities positions it as dishonesty and a transgression of standards. Despite this, there has been little work analysing the implications of positioning plagiarism as a moral matter in the making of judgments about plagiarism and academic dishonesty. This paper sets the scene by reviewing research about the characteristics of students who cheat and analysing student and lecturer differences. It then discusses perspectives from moral behaviour, moral philosophy and moral reasoning. The paper concludes that emotion and reason are brought to moral judgments, and so makes a case for those who are making judgments about plagiarism to reflect on whether they are faced with a matter of morality or convention. Greater awareness of the domains of convention and morality, the issues of justice and care, the roles of emotion and reason and what is involved in making judgments, will open ways of understanding reactions to plagiarism so that better ways to deal with accusations and make judgments can be developed.