黄淮山羊胃组织增龄性变化的形态学特征

目的:观察黄淮山羊瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和皱胃组织的增龄性变化。方法:分别选7、30、60、120日龄黄淮山羊作为研究对象,经麻醉后处死,立即取瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃组织样本,观察其解剖特征并经4%多聚甲醛固定,制作组织切片,HE、VVG和AB-PAS染色等方法观察各胃壁组织结构变化特点。结果:不同日龄黄淮山羊瘤胃、网胃和瓣胃均无黏膜肌层,黏膜上皮均为复层扁平细胞,固有层内少见或未见淋巴细胞,未观察到腺体组织,4个日龄段的瘤胃、网胃和瓣胃黏膜层表面和固有层均可观察到不同数量的胶原纤维和弹性纤维。皱胃黏膜上皮细胞主要为短柱状或立方形,固有层可见大量淋巴细胞,黏膜层表面和固有层中无胶原纤维和弹性纤维,黏液细胞的粘多糖性质7～120日龄变化规律为酸性、酸性和中性混合、酸性。结论:不同日龄黄淮山羊瘤胃、网胃和瓣胃均无黏膜肌层,黏膜上皮均为复层扁平细胞,固有层内少见或未见淋巴细胞,未观察到腺体组织。皱胃黏膜上皮细胞主要为短柱状或立方形,固有层可见大量淋巴细胞,黏液细胞的粘多糖性质7～120日龄变化规律为酸性、酸性和中性混合、酸性。     

波尔山羊与黄淮白山羊杂交改良效果初报

本文对蒙城县引进波尔山羊与当地黄淮白山羊的杂交改良效果进行了调查。结果表明 :波杂一代的初生重及 2月龄体重均显著高于黄淮白山羊 ;日增重为 190～ 197克 ,而白山羊只有98.6～ 112 .4克。波杂山羊具有较高的屠宰率 (48.3～ 5 6 .2 % )和净肉率 (48% )。波杂山羊的产羔率为 2 2 0 % ,略低于白山羊 (2 2 6 .9% )。     

面罩吸氧对MSCT冠状动脉成像影像质量影响的研究

目的:评价吸氧对多层螺旋CT(MSCT)冠状动脉成像影像质量的影响.方法:受检者161例(男111例,女50例;年龄49.6 ±6.9岁),术前服用倍他乐克控制心率≤65次/min.随机分为面罩吸氧组(研究组,78例)和无面罩吸氧组(对照组,83例).受检者经静脉注入对比剂后屏气扫描,后置心电门控数据采集.扫描参数:16排探测器,准值宽度0.625mm,管球旋转速度0.5s/周,管电压120kV,75% R-R间期重建,数据经容积再现(VR)和最大密度投影(MIP)重组,两位心脏放射科医师以6级计分双盲评判左前降支和右冠状动脉的影像质量.结果:两组病人的临床情况无统计学差异(P>0.22).吸氧组扫描后血氧饱和度为(98.21±1.06)%较对照组的(95.87±2.50)%有所提高(P=0.000),扫描过程中两组心率的变化(P=0.484)及CT冠状动脉成像的影像质量(P>1.14)无统计学差异.结论:药物控制心率条件下,不能证明面罩吸氧可以改善16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像的质量.     

体表心电图判断急性下壁心肌梗死相关梗死血管的意义

目的:探讨急性下壁梗死时体表心电图指标对判断心肌梗死相关动脉的意义.方法:对62例急性下壁心肌梗死的三种体表心电图指标和冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析.结果:(1)相关梗死动脉右冠状动脉(RCA)组45例,左回旋支(LCX)组17例.(2)右冠状动脉组中ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ°＞Ⅱ°发生率明显多于左回旋支组,具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ°＞Ⅱ°诊断右冠状动脉闭塞的敏感性为86.7%,特异性为76.4%.(3)右冠状动脉组中aVL导联ST段压低发生率明显多于左回旋支组,具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).aVL导联ST段压低诊断右冠状动脉闭塞的敏感性为71.1%,特异性为82.4%.(4)左回旋支组中合并V7～V9导联ST段抬高发生率明显多于右冠状动脉组,差别具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).合并V7～V9导联ST段抬高诊断左回旋支闭塞的敏感性为70.6%,特异性为88.9%.结论:ST段抬高幅度Ⅲ°＞Ⅱ°、aVL导联ST段压低以及合并V7～V9导联ST段抬高对判断急性下壁心肌梗死相关血管有重要的预测价值.     

彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断右冠状动脉右房瘘1例

1病例介绍患者女性,4岁因出生后经常感冒,经地方医院检查发现心脏有杂音而疑为先天性（脏病,要求进一步诊治而入院查体：胸骨左缘2、3胁间可闻及Ill级以舒张期为主的连续性杂音．无其他阳性体征．应用ATL－HDI3000型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,探头频率25MHz二维彩色超声心和图所见：①右房、右室扩大,右冠状动脉呈瘤样明最增宽,向右室流出道突出范围约13xlZmm’,在大动脉短轴切面适当转动探头可追踪扩张的右冠状动脉进入右房z②彩色多普勒显像：右冠状动脉人右角口处见整个心动周期的五彩相间的血流喷人右房（人口处测量其直径约0．4…     

旋转推送法在选择性右冠状动脉造影术中的应用

目的:回顾性探讨选择性右冠状动脉造影术中旋转推送法的安全性和可靠性.方法:对2002.9～2003.10月在我院行选择性冠状动脉造影术的患者,常规行选择性右冠状动脉造影术,未顺利成功完成右冠状动脉造影术者,均采用旋转推送法成功完成造影.结果:常规行选择性右冠状动脉造影术,成功完成右冠状动脉造影术153例;一例右冠状动脉缺如,其余46例均采用旋转推送法成功完成造影.结论:旋转推送法是安全和可靠的,更有利于PIC术.     

双源CT在冠状动脉起源异常诊断中的应用2356例分析

目的 探讨双源CT冠状动脉成像诊断冠状动脉起源异常的价值.方法 对2 356例成人冠状动脉双源CT血管成像资料进行回顾性分析、总结.结果 2 356例冠状动脉CTA中,检查出冠状动脉起源异常31例,检出率为1.31%,其中冠状动脉开口水平变异9例,两支冠状动脉开口于左冠状窦5例,两支冠状动脉开口于右冠状窦8例,前降支起源于右窦1例,左回旋支起源于右窦2例,前降支及回旋支独立开口于左冠状窦2例,单一冠脉2例(均为单一右冠),左回旋支闭锁2例.结论 双源CT冠状动脉成像可以清晰显示冠状动脉起源及走行,是一种良好的无创性的诊断冠状动脉起源异常的可靠方法.     

笑笑没烦恼

经常上QQ的同学们,以下的内容,你懂的。1.两只企鹅出去玩,企鹅CC还没有到集合的地点,企鹅OO就一直在左看看、右看看;左看看、右看看;左看看、右看看……企鹅CC来了,看见企鹅OO这个样子,说道:"你以为你在登录中啊!"2.企鹅OO的生日到了,企鹅CC为了讨好企鹅OO,特意穿了一身红衣服     

聚合物基微/纳米填料填充改性复合预混料颗粒制备方法

本发明涉及一种聚合物基微/纳米填料填充改性复合预混料颗粒制备方法,其制备步骤:将非水溶性聚合物基体溶解于第一水溶性溶剂中得均质聚合物溶液;将微/纳米填料分散于第二水溶性溶剂中,经搅拌、加热、超声、添加增溶剂或偶联剂得均质微/纳米填料分散液;将均质微/纳米填料分散液加至均质聚合物溶液中,混合均匀得均质溶液;并将其呈液滴状滴入装有去离子     

丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏损伤的作用

探讨丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏组织的影响。32只ApoE-/-小鼠数字随机等分为模型组、丹瓜方组、联合用药组(丹瓜方+吡格列酮)、吡格列酮组。喂以普通饲料,各组分别给药12周。小鼠处死,取心脏、匀浆,免疫组化测心脏血清反应因子(SRF)含量;解剖冠状动脉,光镜观察比较。结果:与模型组比较,联合用药组与丹瓜方组SRF阳性率降低有显著性差异(P<0.01);形态学观察,丹瓜方组与联合用药组冠状动脉内膜大部分无增厚。结果表明:丹瓜方对糖尿病小鼠心脏具有保护作用。     

Congenital atresia of the left main coronary artery in an infant

Congenital atresia of the left main coronary artery is a rare occurrence, and surgical revascularizationbypass graft is required. We here report a rare case of congenital coronary anomaly in an infant. A 10-month-old male infant was admitted to the hospital with heart failure symptoms. Echocardiographic examinations revealed mitral valve regurgitation and ischemic changes of the anterolateral papillary muscle and chordae. Coronary angiography showed atresia of the left main coronary artery with a severe hypoplastic left anterior descending artery and a circumflex coronary artery. Unfortunately, sudden cardiac arrest occurred after catheterization and the infant did not recover despite of immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Further studies are needed to find a newer diagnostic method to detect coronary anomaly in an infant, and coronary angiography, if necessary, has to be performed very carefully.     

Coronary arterial spasm in single right coronary artery

We presented a case of anomalous single-coronary artery detected incidentally during routine coronary angiography. A 32-year-old male Chinese patient presented with recurrent pre-syncope and six episodes of syncope. Coronary angiography and coronary-computed tomography (CT)-angiography performed by a dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) revealed that the patient had a single large right coronary artery. A moderately large branch originated from the proximal part of the single right coronary artery and extended to the left, passing the anterior to the pulmonary artery, and divided into the anterior descending artery branch and circumflex branch at the base of the left auricular appendage. The episodes of the syncope were suspected to be caused by coronary arterial spasm, so this patient was on a regimen of 30 mg of diltiazem every 6 h and had no recurrence of syncope during follow-up.     

Case Report: Coronary arterial spasm in single right coronary artery

We presented a case of anomalous single-coronary artery detected incidentally during routine coronary angiography. A 32-year-old male Chinese patient presented with recurrent pre-syncope and six episodes of syncope. Coronary angiography and coronary-computed tomography (CT)-angiography performed by a dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) revealed that the patient had a single large right coronary artery. A moderately large branch originated from the proximal part of the single right coronary artery and extended to the left, passing the anterior to the pulmonary artery, and divided into the anterior descending artery branch and circumflex branch at the base of the left auricular appendage. The episodes of the syncope were suspected to be caused by coronary arterial spasm, so this patient was on a regimen of 30 mg of diltiazem every 6 h and had no recurrence of syncope during follow-up.     

实时三维超声心动图评价冠脉介入术后左室收缩功能变化

应用实时三维超声心动图评价冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后左室收缩功能的变化。研究对象分为两组,正常组14例为冠脉造影无异常发现者,冠心病组49例行冠脉内支架治疗。所有患者均于术前及术后14天行实时三维超声检查,测得左室收缩末容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)及左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果,正常组术前与术后LVESV、LVEDV及LVEF差异无统计学意义;冠心病组术后LVESV、LVEDV显著小于术前(P<0.001),LVEF显著高于术前(P<0.001)。结果表明,实时三维超声心动图能准确评价左室收缩功能,冠心病患者PCI后左室收缩功能明显改善。     

旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理研究

目的：探讨旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理变化。方法：取40只昆明小鼠。用灌胃法建立轻度（L组）、重度（H组）旋毛虫感染动物模型，观察其膈肌组织的病理变化。结果：第1周时可见肌纤维变性、水肿、肌膜破坏等病理变化；肌幼虫囊包周围有较多的炎症细胞浸润。第5周时发生玻璃样变性，出现透明带。第7周时，幼虫及囊包周围开始有钙盐沉积。L组、H组两组除感染第13周外．其余时间病理变化没有观察到明显的差异。结论：感染旋毛虫后，肌组织出现变性、水肿、炎细胞浸润及幼虫囊包的钙化等病理变化，为旋毛虫病的病理检测提供有用的基础资料．     

李塨的水利思想

李塨是清初著名实学思想家，他对当时的水利问题提出了自己的看法和解决方案。他的水利思想主要包括兴修水利、治理黄河和淮河、恢复海运。     

黄芪预处理对麻醉家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察黄芪预处理对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:采用在体家兔冠状动脉阻断的缺血/复灌损伤模型,测定心肌梗死面积、血浆中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肌酸激酶(CK)活性及各项心室力学指标。结果:与单纯缺血/复灌组相比,黄芪预处理明显降低心脏缺血/复灌后的梗死面积和血浆中LDH、CK含量,促进左室收缩压(LVSP)、最大左室收缩速率( dP/dtmax)和最大左室舒张速率(-dP/dtmax)的恢复。结论:黄芪预处理对麻醉家兔心肌缺血再灌注所致心肌损伤具有保护作用。     

A simple dissection method for the conduction system of the human heart

A simple dissection guide for the conduction system of the human heart is shown. The atrioventricular (AV) node, AV bundle, and right bundle branch were identified in a formaldehyde‐fixed human heart. The sinu‐atrial (SA) node could not be found, but the region in which SA node was contained was identified using the SA nodal artery. Gross anatomical observation of the conduction system is useful for understanding the structure and function of the heart. Anat Sci Ed 2:78–80, 2009. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists.     

Systematic comparison of the effectiveness of radial artery and saphenous vein or right internal thoracic artery coronary bypass grafts in non-left anterior descending coronary arteries

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is increasingly being carried out on patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease, but the best grafting candidate for non-left anterior descending coronary arteries is unclear. This research sought to systematically compare the efficacies and safeties of coronary bypass with radial artery and other available grafts. A systematic literature retrieval was performed for all clinical trials comparing the outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery with radial artery and other grafts in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Seven eligible clinical studies, comparing radial artery and great saphenous vein grafts, were found between 1966 and 2010: one prospective non-randomized and six prospective randomized trials. The pooling analysis obtained a relative risk of 0.507 (P<0.05) of graft occlusion in radial arteries compared with great saphenous veins. There was a significantly lower infection rate in arms (i.e., harvest sites for radial arteries) relative to legs (harvest sites for veins), with a pooled relative risk of 0.140 (P<0.05). From the reports on mortality after follow-up ranging from one year to six years, there was no significant difference in mortality between the two graft types (P=0.927). In addition, four cohort controlled trials for radial and right internal thoracic artery grafts were included. The radial graft was associated with less cardiac related events relative to the right internal thoracic artery graft (P=0.014), but with comparable mortality and comparable rates of repeat percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Subjects with radial arteries seemed to have a lower occlusion rate and a lower graft harvest site infection rate than those with great saphenous veins. Moreover there were fewer cardiac related events with radial arteries relative to the right internal thoracic artery grafts. More studies are needed to confirm these findings concerning the favorable outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting with radial arteries on long-term patency and mortality.     

冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血管内皮舒张功能的临床研究

目的：研究冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血管内皮舒张功能的临床意义。方法：采用高频超声测量冠心病组和对照组颈动脉斑块积分、斑块数、颈动脉内-中膜厚度（IMT）及血管内皮舒张功能（EDD％），并进行对比分析。结果：1．冠心病组颈动脉IMT、斑块积分及斑块数明显高于对照组，多支冠脉血管病变组明显高于单支病变组；2．冠心病组内皮舒张功能明显低于对照组，单支、双支病变组间无显著性差异。3．冠状动脉造影与颈动脉超声结果比较，以斑块存在为预测冠脉病变的阳性指标，敏感性为83％、特异性75％。结论：冠心病患者多合并血管舒张功能受损及颈动脉粥样硬化，高频超声探查颈动脉可预测冠状动脉病变的存在及严重程度。