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G818.G808.2 9705135运动队的号召力及赛场条件对观众上座率的影响[刊,中,A]/钟赋春∥国外体育科学.-1997(3).-56-62表2(TY)比赛∥门票∥上座率∥管理∥设施∥服务∥经济效益∥影响因素∥体育场     

影响我国竞技体操比赛上座率的因素与对策研究

竞技体操上座率是体操竞赛的根本。研究表明影响竞技体操比赛观众出席人数的主要因素包括：经济因素、竞赛水平因素、项目特征因素和组织管理因素。除此之外,国家队比赛成绩、赛制安排等也影响比赛的上座率。本文采用个案分析法、现场观察法、专家访谈法等对这些影响因素进行分析研究,并提出相应的对策。     

试论我国职业足球联赛比赛质量的改进

1问题的提出足球比赛质量是提高足球观赏性，增加联赛上座率的一个重要因素。但目前国内学术界对有关比赛质量的研究成果还很少。本文通过对高质量足球比赛的特性、影响我国足球比赛质量的因素、如何改进足球比赛质量等问题的研究，旨在促进我国职业足球联赛的比赛质量能够满足     

影响我国排球联赛上座率的因素及对策研究

采用文献资料法、现场观察法、专家访谈法对影响我国排球联赛上座率的主要因素进行分析:经济因素,比赛吸引,人口统计学因素,球迷动机因素,竞争因素,体育场地因素、球迷情结、国家队的成绩,赛制的安排,主场位置的选择等,对这些影响因素进行分析研究,并提出相应的对策。     

散打比赛上座率问题调查研究

本研究主要探索传统的散打比赛上座率低的问题,通过对比得出能更好发展比赛的途径,研究采用问卷调查法,对比法和专家咨询法.研究认为传统武术散打比赛可以改变下规则与运营方式,通过改变来提高比赛的上座率.研究总结：本文用对比法提出散打比赛发展的三种方向,并提出可能给武术散打比赛提高上座率的建议,希望改变散打比赛现在的状况,给散打比赛带来更好的发展.     

职业体育俱乐部赛事上座率与门票收入关系的分析

通过定性分析与定量分析相结合,对职业体育赛事上座率与门票收入的关系进行深入分析。以微观经济学为理论依据,论证了职业体育俱乐部赛事上座率与门票收入之间并没有显著的正相关关系。职业体育赛事上座率是市场供求平衡的结果,是一系列因素相互作用的体现,并不能将其作为门票收入的决定性因素,更不能将其作为职业体育俱乐部经营管理的目标。职业体育俱乐部在经营管理中,应制定合理的定价策略,使职业体育赛事的边际成本与边际收益相等,提升赛事质量,优化俱乐部服务,实现门票收入最大化。     

基于灰色关联理论的中超上座率分析

观众上座率是衡量我国中超联赛发展水平的重要统计指标,对中超联赛的发展方向和发展规模具有科学的导向和规范作用。本文基于灰色关联理论,对中超联赛上座率及其影响因素进行建模分析,旨为今后提高中超联赛上座率提供些许可作参考的相关依据。分析结果表明,中超联赛主场球迷情况、球队实力、球队主场战绩以及球队技战术打法吸引力等方面是影响上座率的主要因素,中超联赛上座率的提高与反映球队实力的球队16-联赛排名、反映球队技战术打法的控球率、反映球队主场战绩的主场场均积分等核心价值具有关联。     

盘点“三体会”台球赛

第三届全国体育大会台球赛场气氛极为火爆，能容纳2000余人的体育馆在很多场次都能达到一半以上的上座率，场外还簇拥着很多等待偶像签名的球迷，而且每天都有非常多的记者来到赛场，台球比赛几乎成为三体会的焦点。[编者按]     

女子羽毛球运动员着装的发展趋势试析

现代世界上的各项体育运动开展得都非常红火,但是上座率问题一直是困扰各项运动发展的瓶颈,特别是女子运动。国际羽联主席在2005年的世锦赛上就因为上座率问题而呼吁女子羽毛球运动员应该穿的漂亮些、时尚些,希望借此能改善女子羽毛球比赛的上座率,笔者查阅大量资料综合归纳后认为“:青春、时尚、凸显个性”将成为未来女子羽毛球运动员着装的一个趋势。     

体育动机冲突对运动员动作反应的影响

从心理学的角度对体育动机冲突的类型,产生的原因、背景以及体育动机冲突在体育训练和比赛中对运动员的影响进行了分析,指出在体育训练和比赛中如何利用动机冲突的有利因素和克服其对体育竞赛带来的不利影响。     

Getting Generation Y to attend: Friends,interactivity and half-time entertainment

People from Generation Y, given their number and stage in the family life-cycle, represent a key emerging audience for major sports. The study focussed on the effect of friends and half time enhancements on likely attendance at matches. The sport domain was the Australian Football League (AFL), the elite Australian rules football competition. The enhancements being tested were half-time entertainments based on performers from well-known television talent shows, Australian Idol and It Takes Two. Scenarios with and without interactive participation, based on short messaging service (SMS) messages, were tested. The study used a general population sample of 909 Generation Y people in a traditional AFL market and one where AFL is not the major winter competition. Previous attendance and sport orientation were the major influences on attendance at major sports, including the AFL. Friends influenced likely attendance at a game, but no effects were found for half-time entertainments. People who attended matches with friends typically had social activities before and after the game. This suggested that one promotional strategy to expand existing markets was to find and engage the social networks of existing fans, making sport attendance a broader part of an overall social event.     

对我国雅典奥运会电视节目收视状况的分析与思考

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,对我国雅典奥运会电视节目收视状况进行了研究。结果表明:奥运会期间体育节目收视率大幅上扬,妇女、儿童等非传统观众群体踊跃参与观赏活动,奥运赛事观赏呈现"全民性"特征;我国选手的表现、观众对项目的兴趣、体育明星的号召力以及节目播出时间是影响奥运赛事收视率的主要因素。在对奥运赛事收视状况进行分析的基础上,提出了若干开发我国奥运会赛事收视市场的合理化建议,为北京奥运会市场开发工作提供了一定的参考和借鉴。     

全球电视体育市场发展概况的解析与思考

近年来，体育节目在世界范围内得到了广泛的欢迎，大型体育赛对电视体育市场有显著的拉动作用。足球是世界上最受观众喜爱的体育运动，在欧洲、南美和亚洲地区足球赛事的收视率占绝对优势地位，F1赛车是欧洲观众除足球外最喜欢的赛事；美国、澳大利亚、新西兰等国家的观众往往更热裒于本土的体育赛事，而对足球赛事兴趣不大。冬季运动在北欧、东欧、北美等气候寒冷的地区受到了欢迎，俄罗斯、美国是其中的代表。亚洲电视体育市场缺少本土品牌赛事的强力支撑。重大体育赛事电视转播权费用呈大幅攀升的趋势；电视转播权销售方式呈连锁化、捆绑销售的趋势；电视转播权产品类型呈细分、分类出售的趋势；重大赛事收视全球化的趋势明显。     

‘He is Father Christmas when Man-U wins’: EUFA league and the dynamics of spousal relations in Nigeria

The European Champions League and Premiership have become infectious to Nigerian families. As a patriarchal society, husband fanship influences and alters social interactions before, during and after UEFA matches. Against this background, this paper examines the influence of husbands’ sports fandom on social relations in families and opportunity for deviant behaviour. Findings show that husbands’ identification with European clubs is redefining social relationships at the family level. Families were labelled as: couple as fans of same club, couple as fans of rival clubs and families with one soccer-loving partner. Loss of matches may lead to refusal to eat food, aggressive behaviour, conflict, lack of communication, while victory brings joy, gifts and better bonding and communication. Watching matches outside the home increases the opportunity of husbands to associate with deviant peers and, consequently, deviant behaviour. To keep their marriages, women have converted to soccer lovers to enhance communication and check their husbands’ association with deviant peers.     

Soccer and media in Brazil

This essay analyzes the complex relations between soccer and media in Brazil. Both massmedia and sports arrived in Brazil at the same time, in the late nineteenth century, both associated with the values of modernity in urban centres. It discusses the media coverage of the World Cup and data regarding audiences in particular. The World Cup is considered to be a very important social fact in contemporary Brazilian culture, and since its beginning, the World Cup has been available in Brazil exclusively through the mass media. Since the first international radio transmissions in the late 1930s, Brazil’s matches reached outstanding audience numbers. In the last three World Cups, the share of the total audience for the matches was around 95%, something like 110 million viewers per match, on average. The essay discusses the media’s role in projecting Brazilian football.     

从职业足球赛事女性球迷的视角探索品牌关系与行为意向

研究以品牌关系质量理论和消费行为理论作为逻辑起点,通过社会网络分析法(SNA)发现男性球迷和女性球迷在参与职业足球赛事品牌消费时的消费行为存在意向差异,在沿着女性球迷社会角色和文化特征为主线的情况下,整理女性球迷参与下的品牌关系质量特征,将职业足球赛事品牌关系质量划分为满意、信任、承诺3个方面,并运用路径分析构建并验证女性球迷参与下的职业足球赛事品牌关系质量与口碑传播意向间的路径关系,以探究女性球迷参与职业足球赛事品牌消费的行为意向特点。结果表明,女性球迷更倾向于通过口碑接收和传播来表达她们对赛事品牌的参与意向,并且女性球迷在职业足球赛事品牌关系中的品牌满意是影响女性球迷口碑传播意愿的关键因素。     

市场经济体制下我国体育新闻受众的需求特点及其与传媒关系辨析

处于市场经济大潮中的我国新闻传媒业正从往日的官办新闻不断地步入市场,开始接收市场经济的洗礼与考验。国内传媒业之间的竞争逐步加剧,新闻媒体与受众间的关系也在发生着微妙的变化。随着我国加入WTO,不仅会出现国内众新闻媒体间的拼争,更要面临国际传媒巨头的进入带来的竞争     

论CBA联赛主场文化

以NBA为代表的职业篮球联赛将篮球比赛视为一项文化活动。CBA联赛主场文化的外在表现是球队均有各自的主场、俱乐部队名具有当地的文化的特征、主场比赛具有获胜概率的优势。其创造的物质财富和精神财富为造就一大批稳定的球迷群体、为俱乐部的商业远作创造了条件，并使各支球队和俱乐部有了明确的归属感，使地域文化的特征在体育比赛场上得以体现，增强了民众的荣誉感和社会的凝聚力。CBA联赛主场包涵着丰富的文化内容，但具有职业联赛初期的阶段性文化特征。CBA联赛主场文化的主要价值体现在促进人的社会化、有利于社会的有序运行和发展等方面。     

Sports fan experience: Electronic word-of-mouth in ephemeral social media

Fans consuming sporting events commonly use social media to spread electronic-word-of-mouth (eWOM) related to their experiences. Ephemeral social media, an emerging form of social media that auto-deletes content after a prescribed time, allows fans to have greater control over their messages than ever before. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate factors leading fans to lengthen or shorten the lifespan of their social media content. A nationwide panel (N = 242) created social media content in a controlled setting in which the fan experience and audience size were manipulated. Results suggest fans having a positive experience or who were broadcasting to a large audience were likely to share their content for a longer period of time. In contrast, fans having other than positive experiences, sharing with a small audience, or displaying greater team identification wished to limit the availability of their content. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.