亚Hilbert代数

将Hilbert代数的等价公理系中的公理 ,x (yz) =(xy) (xz) ,换为条件较弱的x (yz) =y (xz) ,引入亚Hilbert代数 ,获得了以下结果 :(1)在亚Hilbert代数中x 1=1与x (yx) =1等价 ;(2 ) 1nx =x;(3)若x 1=1则xn 1=1.并给出亚Hilbert代数成为Hilbert代数的充要条件 : x,y ,z∈X ,x (yz) =(xy) (xz) .此外 ,还讨论了亚Hilbert代数与BCI_代数、FI代数 ,HFI代数、MV代数之间的联系 .     

广义结合BCI-代数的商代数

给出了两种求广义结合BCI_代数商代数的十分方便的方法 ,即 :设H为广义结合BCI_代数X的子代数 ,(1 ) x∈X ,令xH ={x h|h∈H} ,X/H ={xH|x∈X} ,定义xH yH =(x y)H ,则 (X/H ; ,0H)是广义结合BCI_代数 ;(2 ) x∈X ,令Hx={ (x h) h|h∈H} ,X/H2 ={Hx|x∈X} ,定义Hx Hy=Hx y,则 (X/H2 ; ,H0 )是广义结合BCI_代数 .     

对称亚BCI—代数

1982年,陕西师大雷天德付教授,引入广义结合BCI-代数的概念.定义 2一个BCI-代数〈X;*,0〉称为广义结合BCI-代数,是指;对(?)x∈X,0*(0*x)=x.徐州师院章仲英同志,于1984年引入对称BCI-代数的概念.定义3一个BCI-代数〈X;*,0〉称为对称BCI-代数,若对(?)x,y,z,μX∈,有以下对称条件成立:     

关于四种弱BCI-代数及其可分配性

引入比BCI-代数条件更弱的四种弱BCI-代数,讨论它们的等价条件,并给出弱BCI-代数的一种二元运算“＋”：x＊y=x＋（x＊y）,讨论了与这种运算相关的可分配性,进而四种弱BCI-代数在可分配下得到统一．     

格蕴涵代数与Heyting-代数之间的关系

证明了正则的Heyting-代数如果满足x→y=x＇∨y,则可构成格蕴涵代数并且是格H蕴涵代数,条件是充分必要的。     

复数在竞赛中的运用

复数是高中代数的重要内容 ,由于它有多种表示方法 (代数法、三角法和指数法等 ) ,能将代数、三角、几何等知识紧密地联系起来 ,因此 ,在数学竞赛中常有有关复数的考题 .另外 ,复数本身也可作为一种方法 ,运用复数法可以解决函数最值、三角恒等式、组合问题、不等式问题、数列问题等 .1　求函数最值例 1　若 x,y,z∈ ( 0 ,+∞ ) ,且 x+ y+ z= 1 ,求 u=x2 + y2 + xy + y2 + z2 + yz+x2 + z2 + xz的最小值 .略解　令 z1 =( x+ 12 y) + 32 yi,z2 =( y+ 12 z) + 32 zi,z3=( z+ 12 x) + 32 xi,∴ u=| z1 | + | z2 | + | z3|≥ | z1 + z2 + z3|=3.…     

某些商BCI-代数类的刻划

利用BCI -代数的Fuzzy理想定义了一个二元关系 ,证明了这个二元关系是同余关系 ,从而构造了商BCI -代数 .利用BCI -代数的Fuzzyq -理想、Fuzzyp -理想、Fuzzya -理想分别完全刻划相应的商BCI -代数类 .即 :设 μ是BCI -代数X的一个Fuzzy理想 ,则x/ μ是拟结合(p -半单、结合 )BCI-代数 ,当且仅当 μ是一个Fuzzyq -理想 (p -理想 ,a -理想 ) .     

BCH-代数中的几类理想与BCI-代数

在BCH-代数中引入结合理想、p-半单理想、拟结合理想等概念，并证明了一个BCH-代数，如果它的零理想是结合理想(或p-理想)，则它一定是结合(或p-半单)BCI-代数．但拟结合的BCH-代数未必是BCI-代数．     

BCI──代数一个根的性质

一、BCI——代数的一个根定义1：设（X;*,0）是一个（2,0）型代数,若满足下列条件①［（x*y）*（x*z）*（z*y）=0②b。k。广》y一0③X兴X一0＠X＃y一yWX一oopX”y＠XW0一oopX一0则X被称为一个BCI一代数。定义2：在BCI一代数中,定义x。y”一卜··（（x。y）。y）。…y】。y（n个y）定义3：设X是一个BCI一代数,定义N（X）一kEX：0。x”一0,nEz“）在一个BCI一代数中,下列性质易被证明。＠XRO”X＠（X＃y）WZ一（X＃Z）Xy③0。①。x）一O。O。xy＠0。（。y）”二（0。X”）。（0。y”）＠XEN。（）too。X6N。00＠…     

论一类特殊的Pythagoras数

设x,y,z是正整数.如果x2 y2=z2,则称(x,y,z)是一组Pythagoras数.运用初等方法证明了:恰有12组Pythagoras数(x,y,z)适合6(x y z)=xy.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…