篮球运动的本质和战术特征及其功能的研究

在界定篮球运动本质的基础上,联系篮球运动的实践,阐明了篮球运动战术的特征及其功能,其目的在于推动篮球运动的发展。     

对篮球运动员选材的新探讨

从运动训练学的角度出发,利用运动生理学、运动心理学的相关知识,对篮球运动的选材进行研究和综述,并与运动竞赛相结合进行分析,得出如下结论:现有的运动生理学、运动心理学的选材指标不能充分体现篮球项目的特点;运动生理学指标中,肌纤维组成、血乳酸、心功指数、发育程度的分型、尿肌酐更能代表篮球运动的特点;运动心理学的选材指标中,认知焦虑、运动智力、意志力、敢为性指标与运动员的竞技能力相关密切。     

高校体育专业学生篮球裁判能力的培养途径探析

运用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,针对目前高校体育专业学生中存在的篮球裁判能力不足的现状,分析了问题产生的原因,提出了改革理论教学方法、增加裁判临场实践时数、加强指导、充分采用现代教学手段等措施以培养和提高高校体育专业学生篮球裁判能力。     

An unacceptable status quo: A sport development case study of swimming and drownings

This case study illustrates the complexity of sport development decision-making and specifically highlights the public health concern of drowning disparities in the United States. Using sport development research to demonstrate the linkage between empirical study and practice, students must consider various factors for the most effective approach to attract and retain participants involved in a local swimming program. The parks and recreation department director, Bob Shell, is tasked with determining the best program structure based on the sets of sport development proposals he received from a member of the management staff. To further ensure students are presented with a realistic scenario, this case offers a combination of fictional and real life events from an innovative swimming program in Memphis, Tennessee. Students must critically evaluate not only sport development practices and the merits of the swimming program, but other organizational partnerships that may be formed in the community. Therefore, students are placed in a decision-making role that is common to managers in many sport contexts beyond swimming. This case study is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate sport management courses, with specific application to sport development, policy and governance, strategic management, and recreation or leisure topics.     

发展我国竞技体育的重要战略措施——关于田径等9个项目教学训练大纲的编制

为理顺各训练环节的关系,更好地培养竞技运动人才,通过大量调查和测试,根据项目的特点和发展规律,以及儿童、青少年各年龄阶段的不同特点,研制了田径、游泳、体操、举重、篮球、排球、足球、乒乓球和羽毛球共9个项目的教学训练大纲。该大纲经过一年多试行后,自1992年4月起已在全国上述项目的教学训练、竞赛工作中全面贯彻实施。本文对大纲编制的组织和方法、大纲的内容和特点等简作论述。     

对上海体育学院术科普修课程教学改革的研究

采用问卷调查法、专家咨询法、实验对比法等研究方法,对足球、篮球、排球、田径、游泳、武术、健美操7门术科普修课程,进行教学改革实验.结果显示,在素质教育思想指导下,改革传统教学方法,树立以道德能力、实践能力和创新精神为主的教学目标,有利于培养适应21世纪社会发展的高素质体育人才.     

山东省普通高校高水平运动队项目布局研究

采用文献资料研究、专家访谈和数理统计等方法,对山东省普通高校高水平运动项目布局进行研究。结论:重点发展项目为篮球、田径、排球和足球,一般发展项目为健美操、武术和乒乓球,次要发展项目为游泳、手球和网球。     

四人制篮球运动在普通高校的开展意义

随着篮球运动在我国高校的普及,"四人制"篮球与"三人制"和"五人制"篮球运动进行比较,确立四人制篮球具有新体育运动的特征,该项运动与当代体育教学改革的发展方向"终身体育"相吻合。具有很好的开展意义。     

对优秀男子篮球运动员运动寿命的研究

优秀男子篮球运动员的运动寿命在此特指运动员竞技能力达到高水平以后 ,正常情况下持续到不能再适应其原来参加的高水平重大比赛而退役的一段时间。这段时间的长短受到多方面因素的制约和影响 ,是一个复杂的问题。本文通过对不同时期中外优秀男子篮球运动员年龄的统计发现 :他们的年龄普遍有增长的趋势 ;他们的运动寿命普遍有延长的趋势。我们应该重新认识和划分优秀男子篮球运动员的年龄阶段 ,在注重培养新秀的同时 ,也要充分发挥“老将”的作用。     

Motor adaptation in complex sports – The influence of visual context information on the adaptation of the three-point shot to altered task demands in expert basketball players

Abstract

We examined the influence of visual context information on skilled motor behaviour and motor adaptation in basketball. The rules of basketball in Europe have recently changed, such that that the distance for three-point shots increased from 6.25 m to 6.75 m. As such, we tested the extent to which basketball experts can adapt to the longer distance when a) only the unfamiliar, new three-point line was provided as floor markings (NL group), or b) the familiar, old three-point line was provided in addition to the new floor markings (OL group). In the present study 20 expert basketball players performed 40 three-point shots from 6.25 m and 40 shots from 6.75 m. We assessed the percentage of hits and analysed the landing position of the ball. Results showed better adaptation of throwing performance to the longer distance when the old three-point line was provided as a visual landmark, compared to when only the new three-point line was provided. We hypothesise that the three-point line delivered relevant information needed to successfully adapt to the greater distance in the OL group, whereas it disturbed performance and ability to adapt in the NL group. The importance of visual landmarks on motor adaptation in basketball throwing is discussed relative to the influence of other information sources (i.e. angle of elevation relative to the basket) and sport practice.     

篮球制胜竞技能力要素分析

引用热工分析的"火用"公式,分析篮球运动的主要制胜因素为运动员的竞技能力表现;进一步对运动员竞技能力第四层次的要素进行了权重分析,在制胜要素中,运动员竞技能力二级c指标的排序依次为:运动素质,运动技术,运动智力,机体机能,运动战术,其中运动素质的速度和力量是篮球制胜的首要因素;并利用"积木模型"和"木桶理论"对制胜要素进行了剖析。     

‘Safeguarding’ sports coaching: Foucault,genealogy and critique

This paper offers a genealogical account of safeguarding in sport. Drawing specifically on Foucault's work, it examines the ‘politics of touch’ in relation to the social and historical formation of child protection policy in sports coaching. While the analysis has some resonance with the context of coaching as a whole, for illustrative purposes it focuses principally upon the sport of swimming. Our analysis demonstrates how the linked signifiers of ‘abuse’, ‘protection’ and ‘safeguarding’ produce both continuity and change in the philosophy and meaning around coaching practice, giving rise to particular notions of ‘government’ and regulation, risk aversion and prohibitions, and values. Within a culture of fear in sports coaching and society, the analysis traces the development of swimming policy following the exposure of select high-profile cases or critical incidents, where such historical events prompted a series of authoritative statements about the nature of child protection discourse in sport and education, and practice.     

Coaching athletes with disability: preconceptions and reality

It is now widely recognized that athletes with disability compete at an elite level which parallels that experienced by non-disabled athletes. The importance of quality coaching to develop an athlete’s full potential is similarly recognized. However, research in the area of coaching athletes with disability is still lacking compared to its counterpart in non-disabled sport. This research explored the holistic experience of coaching elite athletes with disability, and therefore encompassed not only the coaches’ preconceptions, but the rewards and challenges of their coaching experience. Semi-structured interviews were held with 12 coaches of elite athletes from sports including swimming, athletics, cycling, canoeing, triathlon, equestrian sport and wheelchair basketball. The results of the study identified that, although the coaches reported their experience as being overwhelmingly positive, they were also regularly confronted with difficulties not generally faced by coaches of non-disabled athletes.     

世界女子篮球运动格局演变之探析

运用文献资料、数理统计和逻辑分析等方法，以世界女子篮球运动为研究对象，对世界女子篮球运动不同时期的格局和特点进行了较为仔细的划分，探寻世界女子篮球运动格局变化的特点及规律，指出中国女篮发展的方向。     

试论学校在发展我国青少年篮球运动中的重要作用

青少年的篮球活动是我国篮球运动发展的根基,而学校又是青少年活动最集中的场所。只有青少年篮球活动的普及和技术水平的提高,才能使我国篮球运动迈向新的台阶。发展篮球运动,应从娃娃抓起,应做好学校教育引导工作。以普及为基础,采取多种形式和方法,抓好青少年的篮球技术训练,为青少年篮球技术水平的发展提供平台。     

Plasticity of human handedness: Decreased one-hand bias and inter-manual performance asymmetry in expert basketball players

Abstract

Athletes frequently have to adapt their skills to fast changes of play, often requiring the flexible execution of a particular movement skill with either hand. To assess the influence of sport-specific expertise and extensive sport training on human laterality, a video analysis of regular basketball games was performed for professional, semi-professional, and amateur players to investigate how non-dominant hand use and proficiency change with increasing expertise. Our results showed that the right-hand (i.e. dominant hand) bias in basketball players is reduced with increasing expertise (i.e. competitive level). Accordingly, we found that professional players use their non-dominant hand more often and with greater success than semi-professional and amateur players. This was true for most of the basketball-specific skills. Based on these results, we assume that increasing amounts of bilateral practice can lead to a shift in task-specific manual preference towards a higher use of both hands in competition, as well as to a higher proficiency for non-dominant hand actions in particular. From an applied perspective, the more frequent use and higher proficiency of the non-dominant hand in professional basketball players, compared with amateurs, suggests that the context-specific and skilled use of the non-dominant hand is crucial for successful play at higher competitive levels in the sport of basketball.     

Correlates of Sport Participation among Adolescent Girls

Abstract

Most research on the correlates of sport involvement has utilized male samples. The present study focuses on a sample of high school girl gymnasts, basketball players, track participants, and a control group of nonathletes. The correlates of participation investigated include familial factors, peers, teachers and coaches' encouragement to participate in sports, and the social psychological variables of perceived femininity, self-reported athletic ability, and body image. The findings indicate that socialization into sport begins in childhood and continues into high school with considerable encouragement from significant others. The basketball players reported somewhat less encouragement and tend to see themselves as less feminine than the other athletes. Athletes had higher self-perceptions of athletic ability than the nonathletes. The athletes' perceptions of their body image were generally more positive than the nonathletes. This latter finding suggests a reduction of stigma formerly associated with female involvement in sport.     

Plasticity of human handedness: decreased one-hand bias and inter-manual performance asymmetry in expert basketball players

Athletes frequently have to adapt their skills to fast changes of play, often requiring the flexible execution of a particular movement skill with either hand. To assess the influence of sport-specific expertise and extensive sport training on human laterality, a video analysis of regular basketball games was performed for professional, semi-professional, and amateur players to investigate how non-dominant hand use and proficiency change with increasing expertise. Our results showed that the right-hand (i.e. dominant hand) bias in basketball players is reduced with increasing expertise (i.e., competitive level). Accordingly, we found that professional players use their non-dominant hand more often and with greater success than semi-professional and amateur players. This was true for most of the basketball-specific skills. Based on these results, we assume that increasing amounts of bilateral practice can lead to a shift in task-specific manual preference towards a higher use of both hands in competition, as well as to a higher proficiency for non-dominant hand actions in particular. From an applied perspective, the more frequent use and higher proficiency of the non-dominant hand in professional basketball players, compared with amateurs, suggests that the context-specific and skilled use of the non-dominant hand is crucial for successful play at higher competitive levels in the sport of basketball.     

现代篮球技、战术创新理论的研究

笔者采用文献资料研究法和问卷调查法,对篮球技、战术创新理论的概念、规律、从创造学理论和篮球运动实践上进行深入的研究。认为篮球技、战术创新规律是能为人们所认识和利用的。而且只有深刻认识并揭示其中的规律,才能使运动成绩和训练水平得到提高     

高校篮球教学中团队精神的培养

篮球是高校普及最广的一项体育运动项目,本文通过对篮球团队精神的概念、意义以及作用阐释和分析,提出在篮球教学中,应加强渗透团队精神与合作能力培养,并针对当前教学状况提出培养团队精神的有效途径。通过篮球教学训练改革,让大学生形成一种寓竞争与协作于一体,凝聚力、战斗力不断提高、素质全面优良的团结协作的团队精神,为社会培养具有团队精神和合作能力的人才。