Multiple Channels of Relaxation in Glasses

<正>The knowledge of how atoms(or molecules)move is crucial for understanding the state of a material,and the existence of a decoupling of relaxation modes on cooling supercooled liquids has for instance dramatically improved our knowledge on the ongoing processes responsible for the vitrification and deformation.However,the movement of atoms in     

MPS／CAS Partner Group on the Development of Mechanical Knowledge in China

China's long and continuous cultural tradition offers scholars the special opportunity for cross-cultural studies in the long-term development of science. The Partner Group focuses on an exemplary case of such long-term development, the development of mechanical knowledge in China from antiquity to the early modern period. Research within the Partner Group is guided by a number of specific research questions, in particular the question of the interaction between practical and theoretical knowledge and the interaction between domestic and external knowledge traditions over a period of more than a millennium. In order to establish a cross-cultural perspective on the emergence and development of experiential science, the research is being coordinated with the current research project on the history of mechanical thinking at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science.     

Bio-manufacturing Innovation Enabled by Progress in Synthetic Biology

<正>The rapid growth of world economy is increasingly encountered by the limitations in the supply of food,energy and resources as well as the challenge of environmental protection.With an impressive economic growth rate over the past three decades,China is now facing these challenges even more seriously than other countries.Currently,China is striving to transform the traditional inefficient mode of production into a low-carbon,circular,and ecological economy for sustainable development based on technology innovation.As a novel interdisciplinary academic fi eld developed based on modern biology and systems science,Synthetic Biology integrates both knowledge and technology     

知识仓库及其在企业管理中的应用

Building a knowledge warehouse at the enterprise level is the precondition and foundation for the enterprise to put knowledge management into effect and engage in knowledge business. After describing the concept, background and development trend of knowledge warehouse, this paper discusses the composition of knowledge warehouse and the basic re-quirement for constructing the enterprise knowledge warehouse. The main application of knowledge warehouse in enterprise management is also discussed.     

A Comparative Study of Systems of Utility Model Patent Search Report in Mainland China and Taiwan Region

I. An overview In the patent system of the civil law countries, the utility model patent, also known as the "petty invention", is granted to protect petty inventions that are not highly inventive, but very useful. For example, in the patent systems in Germany and Japan1 can be found provisions concerning utility model patent. After the patent system was launched in mainland China on 1 April 1985, the utility model patent is well received by the industry thanks to the adoption of the "preliminary examination" system to applications for the patent for utility model and the expedited patent grant, and the number of applications of the class is on a rise each year. The system for utility model patent was put in place in 1949 in the Taiwan     

面向企业业务的智能知识推送研究

企业在生产过程中会不断产生新的知识,但用户却不能及时地了解这些新知识的存在,为了提高知识主动服务的能力,提出了构建面向企业业务的知识推送系统。首先阐述了企业业务活动与知识的关系,然后提出了一种面向企业业务的智能知识推送系统模型,并对其实现的关键技术作了进一步的阐述。该模型为构建面向企业业务的知识推送系统以及解决系统构建中的关键问题提供了理论指导。

Abstract：

New knowledge is continuously generated in enterprise production process,however,users can not know the existence of new knowledge in time.In order to improve the active service capacity of knowledge,this paper proposes to build a knowledge push system for enterprise business.The paper firstly expounds the relationships between enterprise business activities and knowledge,then proposes a model of the intelligent knowledge push system for enterprise business.The key technologies for the construction of the system are also elaborated.The model provides theoretical guidance for building the knowledge push system for enterprise business and for solving the key technologies in the construction of the system.     

基于主题图的数字图书馆知识组织模型研究

首先介绍主题图的概念及数据模型,并与传统知识组织方法进行了比较分析,然后探讨了主题图应用于数字图书馆知识组织中的可行性,提出了一种新的基于主题图的数字图书馆知识组织模型,最后通过实例分析对模型进行了验证,为我国数字图书馆知识组织建设的具体运用提供有力的支持。

Abstract：

This paper firstly introduces the concept and data model of topic maps,and makes a comparative analysis of the traditional knowledge organization methods. The paper then discusses the feasibility of the application of topic maps in knowledge organization in digital libraries,and proposes a new model of knowledge organization in digital libraries based on topic maps. Finally,the paper validates the model with case analysis,which provides strong support for the specific implementation of knowledge organization in digital libraries in China.     

The Influence of Sampling Rate on the Stability and Dynamic Charaeteristecs of a Discretized System

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of sampling rate on closed system which has been discretized from continuous system and in which the ZOH is not inserted, As an example, in has been discribed for the second order system that the impoper choice of sampling rate may cause the unstability of a discretized system, though its original continuous system is stable. The change of locations of poles due to the variations of sampling rate are shown in plots. Proper sampling rate is suggested. Different methods of discretization are compared, and the bilinear transform is recommended.     

企业知识管理的定位问题

The paper discusses the orientation of knowledge management in enterprises, a problem often neglected by the theoretical circles in the study of knowledge management. It points out that enterprise knowledge management is not exactly equal to knowledge management in theory, the former is only a branch of the latter. However, they are equally and alternatively used in practical applications as enterprise knowledge management is developing most rapidly and has the greatest influence. Therefore, the orientation of enterprise knowledge management is obscure.     

Towards Excellence in Science

<正>May 26,2014,BeijingScience is a human enterprise in the pursuit of knowledge.The scientific revolution that occurred in the 17th Century initiated the advances of modern science.The scientifi c knowledge system created by human beings,the tremendous productivity brought about by science,and the spirit,methodologies and norms formulated in scientific practice since the 17th Century have long become essential elements of modern civilization.Today’s world is characterized by rapid knowledge expansion,an explosion of data and information and the globalization of economies.In these times,scientific excellence is an essential principle for transforming human thinking and     

Causal Link between Vertical ZIKV Infection and Malformation of Fetal Brain Established

正The recent outbreak of ZIKV infection in the Americas,in particular Brazil,is accompanied by a marked increase in cases of microcephaly of newborns.Considering the potential threat of ZIKV infection to central nervous system development of infants,the World Health Organization declared in February 2016,the danger of ZIKV on pregnancy as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC).Although accumulating lines     

MPS/CAS Partner Group on Geometric Analysis

The Partner Group works on topics in geometric analysis in cooperation with the corresponding research group at the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences in Leipzig. The partnership is based on several years of collaboration between several research groups in China (the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, Fudan University, Wuhan University) and the group of Jurgen Jost in Leipzig. The group plays a pivotal role in the systematic advanced training of a whole generation of Chinese mathematicians. A particular focus is on variational problems from quantum field and superstring theories.     

知识经济和文献信息开发利用的机制分析

Documentary information is an important social resource in the information era, especially in the knowledge economy era. The development of knowledge economy not only raises new demands for documentary information, but also provides better opportunities to exploit and utilize documentary information. Based on this opinion, this article puts forward some suggestions for exploiting documentary information.     

Strive to Be a Powerhouse in China＇s S＆T Development——2010 Annual Meeting of CAS in Beijing

The 2010 annual conference of CAS opened on January 25 in Beijing. The three-day meeting reviewed the work of CAS over the past year and made arrangements for its tasks in the year ahead, with a focus on planning for the 12th fiveyear period （2011-2015） and the initiation of Innovation 2020 on a trial basis.     

我国最早的植物学辞典——《全芳备祖》简介

 The “Quan Fang Bei Zu”, a first dictionary for Chinese plants, which contains 27 volumes in its first collection and 31 volumes in its second collection, was completed by Chen Jing-yi in 1253, the First Year of Bao You of Li Zong in Song Dynasty.  The first part of this encyclopaedia of plants is devoted to flowers.  The second part is of more varied nature, dealing with fruit trees, plants in general, herbs, trees, agriculture and sericulture, vegetables, and medicinal herbs.  These two collections cover 267 kinds of plants, each of which is described under two categories separately: The first category, “Si Shi Zu” in Chinese, meaning “facts of the plants” concerned, which again divided into 3 entries, i.e. the history, miscellaneous information and sundry bits of the plants. The second category, “Fu Yong Zu” in Chinese, meaning poetry, which divided into 10 meters, wherein the plants are described and eulogized in poetrical expressions.      Later on, the “Quan Fang Bei Zu” was used as a blueprint for some famous books in China, for example, the “Qun Fang Pu” and the “Guang Qun Fang Pu” all written and compiled after its model.  It is known today that in China there are only two extant hand writting copies of it, one in Beijing Library, the other in the Library of Yunnan University.  Both of them are listed as the best national books. Outside China, it is known that a third copy of is in the Congress Library in U.S.A.  As for the ori- ginal wood-carving copy printed during the period of the Song Dynasty, it is known so far that one copy is kept in the Library of Culture Ministry of Japan.  The Beijing Agriculture Publishing House has made a decision to photograph this carved copy in the Culture Ministry of Japan as one of the “Precious Series of China Agriculture Science”.  The book plays a very important role in the study of chinese botany, agri-culture science, medicine, history and literature.     

知识管理研究综述

Knowledge management is a new domain of study. Up to now, there is not a unified knowledge of its the-oretical issues such as its basic concept. This article attempts to explore the basic concept d knowledge management, the hot topics and difficult points in the study of knowledge management, and the directions for the study of knowledge man-agement.     

Hydrological Responses to Climate Change in the Water Receiving Area of the Middle Route Project for South-to-North Water Transfer

Climate change will lead to a signifi cant alteration in the temporal and spatial pattern variation in the regional hydrological cycle, and the subsequent lack of water, environmental deterioration, floods and droughts etc. And it is especially remarkable in semi-humid and semi-arid region. In this paper, the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle were analyzed for the Hai River Basin, a semi-humid and semi-arid basin and also the water receiving area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Meanwhile it is the most vulnerable to climate change. Firstly, the linear regression and Mann-Kendall non-parametric test methods were used to analyze the change characteristics of the hydrological and meteorological elements for the period from 1960 to 2009. The results show a signifi cant increase in temperature, while precipitation decreases slightly, and runoff decreases drastically over the past 50 years. Secondly, the applicability of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model based on the DEM (Digital Elevation Model), land use and soil type was verif ied in the basin. Results show the model performs well in this basin. Furthermore, the water balance model, Fu’s theory and Koichiro’s theory were used to calculate the actual evaporation, comparing to the simulated actual evaporation by SWAT model to validate the result for the lack of large-scale observed evaporation datasets. Possible reasons were also analyzed to explore the reasonable factor for the decline of the runoff. Finally the precipitation, temperature, runoff and evaporation response processes based on the IPCC AR4 multi-mode climate models and the verifi ed SWAT model under different GHG emission scenarios (SRES-A2, A1B and B1) in the 21st century were discussed in three time periods: 2020s (2011-2040), 2050s (2041-2070), 2080s (2071-2099). Results show that there are systematic positive trends for precipitation and temperature while the trends for runoff and evaporation will differ among sub-areas. The results will offer some references for adaptive water management in a changing environment, also including adaptation of a cross-basin water transfer project.     

Can US Utility Patent Serve as the Basis of Right of Priority of Chinese Design

This writer encountered a typical case in his work as a patent attorney.The applicant,a US company,claimed the right of priority for an application for a utility model patent in China on the basis of a US prior"utility patent".In the exami- nation,the examiner,finding that the US application on the basis of which the right of priority was claimed was one relat- ing to a"utility patent",held that the prior application and     

On the Issue of Suspension of Patent Infringement Procedure

Within the framework of the patent system in China, the patents for invention, utility mode and design are under the examination of different types: the patents for invention are examined as to substance, and those for utility model and design as to formality only, which renders the patent right for utility model and design relatively less certain and vulnerable to challenge. For example, in the infringement lawsuit involving a patent for utility model or design, the defendant often files a request with the Patent Reexamination Board (PRB) of the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) for invalidation of the patent in respect of which the plaintiff, the patentee, has instituted the proceedings in the court. In case like this, the court will suspend the legal procedure under Article 136 of the Several Provisions on Issues Relating to Application of Law to Trial of Cases of Patent Disputes formulated by the Supreme People's Court.     

USTC Builds Graduate School in Shanghai

The University of Science andTechnology of China (USTC)has begun to construct a branch ofits graduate school in Shanghai.USTC President Zhu Qingshi madethe announcement on December 27.Located in Kangqiao of NanhuiDistrict, the school is expected to re-cruit students in September 2003.The first batch of students will havea choice of three specialties: Mod-ern Management, Software andInformation, and Life Sciences.The school plans to hire top-level scientists in the world as chairpro…