浅谈敦煌壁画飞天的艺术美

飞天是指佛教中能在天空中飞行的天神。敦煌壁画中几乎每窟都有飞天形象,飞天几乎成了敦煌壁画的代名词。飞天富有浪漫主义气息,形态优美,造型多变,寓意深刻。文章主要通过飞天的造型、色彩、形体以及外来文化对飞天形象的影响来探讨飞天这一艺术形象的艺术美。     

飞天 莫高窟第257窟中心柱正面龛顶 北魏

正第257窟中心柱正面佛龛的上部,在佛光两侧,各画两身飞天。两身飞天构成一组,南侧这一组上面的一身飞天扬起两手,应节而舞,身体似乎在向下落;下面的飞天一边弹奏琵琶,一边仰头悠然地向上升起。这两身飞天动作相互协调,一上一下,一强一缓,一动一静,虽然身体略显僵直,但却给人以优美的感觉。在敦煌壁画中,这种两身一组的飞     

《敦煌研究》2001年总目录(总第67～70期)

石窟考古奥登堡考察队拍摄的莫高窟历史照片──《俄藏敦煌艺术品》第３卷序言樊锦诗………………………………蔡伟堂（１，５）大足宝顶山石窟对中国石窟艺术的创新──密教道场之研究………………………………陈明光（１，８）炳灵寺上寺调查记………………………………王亨通（１，１５）南京栖霞寺飞天的考察………………………………黄　　征（１，２３）定西地区藏长柄铜香炉──兼谈敦煌壁画的长柄香炉………………………………王明珠（１，２８）成都南朝浮雕弥勒经变与法华经变考论………………………………赵声良（１，３４）柏孜…     

中国勇攀航天"珠峰",进入太空新时代

从古代嫦娥奔月的动人传说,到敦煌飞天的美丽壁画,从明代人万户飞天到早期的“曙光号”飞船,对神秘宇宙的探索是中华民族期盼了几千年的梦想。2003年10月15日。“神舟”五号载人飞船的成功发射终于圆了人们的飞天梦!     

艺术语言的差异——从《反弹琵琶》和《奏乐天使》看中西壁画的审美取向

中国敦煌壁画里的飞天《反弹琵琶》,以其飞动的线条、五彩的天衣,给人留下深刻的印象。而文艺复兴时期的作品《奏乐天使》,自然写实,光感强烈,形象逼真,同样令人倾倒。本文拟对此二作进行对比分析,试图找出中西壁画在表现手法上的不同审美取向。     

莫高窟第45窟佛龛的设计意匠--兼谈与该窟观无量寿佛经变的关系

莫高窟第45窟佛龛是盛唐时期敞口龛的代表作.该龛的塑、绘不但具有很高的艺术水平,而且巧妙地运用了视觉透视规律.从龛前正中跪拜仰视时,龛内描绘的壁画与塑像交织成一个有机整体,龛内佛尊像与龛顶壁画<见宝塔品>等可能表现了法华会中的一幕场景.此龛的塑、绘内容和主室南壁观音经变体现了比较明显的法华思想.天台宗智者大师十分重视观无量寿佛经变中"十六观"修持法门,在其<法华三昧忏仪>一文中,还着重强调发愿往生西方净土.从这个角度来看,第45窟佛龛等与主室北壁的观无量寿佛经变可能有一定的关联.本文认为,第45窟包括佛龛在内的总体设计或许受到了智者大师法华思想的影响.     

敦煌飞天

飞天,就是可以飞的神。它们把香气当饭吃,身体也会发出香味,能唱出美妙的歌声。敦煌飞天是敦煌艺术的标志。敦煌莫高窟(kū)492个洞窟中,几乎窟窟画有飞天。     

渴望飞翔

本期赛题:飞天飞天,一直是人类的梦想。从嫦娥奔月到敦煌壁画,多少神话,诉说着人们的飞天梦;从风筝到飞机,多少发明创造,实践着人们的飞天梦。飞天,应该是每个人心中的梦想。飞天,就是挣脱束缚实现自我……你的飞天梦是什么?有信心实现吗?渴望飞翔,渴望长出一对雪白的翅膀。我飞到茫茫沙漠,飞到非洲森林,飞到高山、极地去探险,去搭救迷路的人们。我轻轻地飞着,飞着,采到无数见也没见过、闻也没闻过的鲜花,也发现了许多有趣的新生植物,我还把一种神秘的山茶采回去让大家尝一尝。我飞呀、飞呀,我也许会发现人们未曾发现的大魔境,也许海里真的…     

莫高窟真美

今天,我参观了中国四大佛教石窟(kū)之一的敦(dūn)煌莫高窟,走进了这个保存了千年之久的艺术圣殿。莫高窟的顶部和四周都绘有绚丽的壁画。瞧那美丽神奇的飞天,她们飞翔的姿态多种多样:有的横游太空,有的振臂腾飞,有的合手下飞,气度豪迈大方,势如翔云飞鹤。飞天落处,朵朵香花飘落,真是具有诗情画意。听讲解员阿姨说,其中最具代表性的是第282窟南壁上层的十二身飞天。这十二身飞天,头束双髻(jì),腰系长裙,肩披彩带,身材修长,成大开口横弓字形,逆(nì)风飞翔,分别演奏腰鼓、拍板、长笛、横箫(xiāo)、琵琶(píp-)等乐器。四周天花旋转,云气…     

“飞天”是“想象中飞舞在天空的仙人”吗?

课本第 171页注 :“飞天 ,想象中飞舞在天空的仙人。”在佛教中 ,“仙人”是道家或道教的想象、理想。飞天是最低一等的佛。在佛教众多佛陀等级制王国里 ,飞天和侏儒同为最低一等。飞天手执乐器 ,飞舞天空 ,表示在大佛荫庇下服役的愉快。侏儒身形矮小 ,躯干健壮 ,彩绘或雕刻在龛基、梁下、柱顶等处 ,支举龛上梁上柱上重物 ,神情仍很欢喜。表示为大佛服役是快乐事。佛教希望这些下层的佛陀勤苦奉上 ,知足常乐。飞天不可称为“仙人”。“飞天”是“想象中飞舞在天空的仙人”吗?$陕西省长安县第十中学@姚林庆     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

微薄的薪水,高尚的情操

现在,我们可以没有面包,没有钱,没有房子,没有车子……但我们唯独不能丢失的是高尚的情操,笃定的信念,还有,满满的希望!     

Virtual reality approach for 3D large model browsing on web site

Using virtual reality for interactive design gives a designer an intuitive vision of a design and allows the designer to achieve a viable, optimal solution in a timely manner. The article discusses the process of making the Virtual Reality System of the Humble Administrator＇s Garden. Translating building data to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language （VRML） is by far unsatisfactory. This creates a challenge for computer designers to do optimization to meet requirements. Five different approaches to optimize models have been presented in this paper. The other methods are to optimize VRML and to reduce the file size. This is done by keeping polygon counts to a minimum and by applying such techniques as object culling and level-ofdetail switching.