中小企业创业导向、利用式学习与绩效关系研究

利用式学习能力是中小企业的一种有价值的、难以模仿的、有利于建立竞争优势的长期能力,是企业的重要资源,将影响其进行创业思考与活动,从而影响企业绩效。通过对浙江地区一些中小企业的实证统计分析,从理论和实践上论证了利用式学习在创业导向与组织绩效之间的中介效应,提出企业可以通过在企业内部塑造学习导向型的文化进而提升组织的整体绩效。     

信息技术竞争价值两种观点的比较研究

从理论基础、获取竞争优势的方式和竞争优势的持续性三个维度对战略信息技术应用领域中两种重要观点进行比较研究．基于传统竞争战略观点的战略信息系统,通过识别信息系统（IS）应用的战略机会为企业创造竞争优势,但这种优势由于忽视企业自身特性而难以持续．基于资源基础论（RBV）观点的企业信息技术能力,通过调用和部署企业特有的IS资源为企业获得长期竞争优势．提出了一种IS资源分类方式,并根据资源的六个属性进行描述,分析IS资源对信息技术能力和组织绩效的作用机制,指出信息技术能力研究中存在的问题．     

组织学习--动态竞争环境下竞争优势的源泉

本文阐述了在动态竞争环境下企业的竞争优势源于以资源、知识以及信息为基础的能力形成过程，借鉴资源学派和能力学派的研究成果，论述了资源和能力的关系以及在能力的形成过程中组织学习的核心地位，进而阐述了在动态的竞争环境中，组织学习将成为企业的竞争优势之源，及建立有效的组织学习机制必要条件。     

战略信息技术能力的内涵剖析

战略信息系统在实际的运用中并未给企业带来想象中的竞争优势，根本原因在于竞争对手的模仿。而基于资源的企业理论以企业内部的资源和能力为基础，立足于有价值、稀缺、难以模仿和难以替代的资源，着眼于长期竞争优势，从而为战略管理的研究提供了更为合理的理论视角。从该理论出发，提出战略信息技术能力的概念并进行理论和应用内汤剖析，可以为战略信息系统的研究和应用提供一个新的角度。     

社会资本视角下的供应链管理研究

本文引入社会资本理论分析供应链关系,通过定义供应链社会资本,分析社会资本在供应链中的资源性、社会资本的类型及它的效用。初步阐述了供应链社会资本作为一种有价值的、稀缺的、难以模仿的且能被组织利用的资源,可以为企业创造持续的竞争优势,并能为企业获得超过平均水平的经济绩效。     

组织学习与新企业竞争优势关系——以知识管理为路径的实证研究

 知识获取、整合、创造等知识管理活动对新企业建立持续竞争优势具有至关重要的作用,组织学习是知识管理过程的保障机制。构建了组织学习、知识管理和新企业竞争优势的理论模型。利用来自东北三省的290个新企业的调查问卷进行实证分析。研究结果表明,知识获取和知识整合对新企业竞争优势具有显著正影响,组织学习对知识获取、整合和创造均具有显著正影响,知识获取和知识整合正向影响知识创造。但知识创造对新企业竞争优势的影响未被支持。说明在强化知识获取和知识整合能力的同时,新企业急需提高知识创造能力,并致力于打造学习型组织。     

GVC/NVC双重网络嵌入中本土代工制造企业动态能力提升机制研究——基于组织学习的视角

在动荡变化的市场环境中,企业不再有永恒的核心竞争力,企业之间的竞争范式已从获取可持续的竞争优势转变为持续地获取一系列短暂的竞争优势.根据网络-资源-能力的分析思路,提出本土代工制造企业在GVC/NVC双重网络中可通过价值创造活动获取知识、技术、信息等资源,并以组织学习的方式内化为自身的异质性资源,以实现企业动态能力的螺旋式提升.     

组合资源 不断创新—索尼公司建立核心能力案例分析

如何建立企业的核心能力,是目前企业最关心的一个重要课题。研究探讨国际上一些顶尖企业的发展历程,在它们的发展,创新过程中,既要重视外部环境对企业经营活动的影响,需要企业进行正确的定位,更要磨练内功,建立学习型组织,组合各种资源,不断提升企业的核心技术和核心能力,不断创新,才能使企业获取持续性竞争优势。     

产业集群中企业入群行为决策机制研究

首先,基于国内外产业集群企业入群行为研究进展分析,运用组织竞争优势理论.阐述了产业集群与企业内部资源能力在建立企业竞争优势过程中的互动关系;然后,采用Makadok理性预期模型分析了产业集祥和内部资源能力取得互补性的机理和条件,讨论了企业入群的意义和条件;最后,提出了相应的对策建议.     

企业战略创业与竞争优势——基于汇源的案例研究

企业有效的战略创业是竞争优势的重要来源,然而关于二者之间内部的确切关系目前的理论研究尚不多见。首先在已有的研究基础上,建立了战略创业和竞争优势之间的关系模型,随后针对性选择了果汁行业龙头企业汇源进行了案例分析。深入研究发现:企业家精神是企业进行战略创业获得竞争优势的强大推动力;资源的战略性管理、国际化发展、市场导向感知能力、社会网络关系能力和组织学习吸收能力是有效手段;战略创业通过形成持续的创新流而获得竞争优势。     

竞争战略、企业绩效与持续竞争优势——来自中国上市公司的经验证据/FONT

摘要：基于中国上市公司2000-2006年的财务数据,利用验证性因子分析技术构建了两个因子以反映公司竞争战略是倾向于差异化还是低成本,在此基础上考察战略定位对公司短期绩效和长期绩效的影响。研究发现：低成本战略和差异化战略均能给上市公司带来短期竞争优势,但采用差异化战略的企业其短期获利能力显著高于采用低成本战略的企业;低成本战略创造的竞争优势难以持续,而差异化战略建立起来的竞争优势则具有可持续性。总体而言,差异化战略在创造竞争优势方面优于低成本战略。     

The role of information technologies (ITs) in firms’ resource orchestration process: A case analysis of China’s “Huangshan 168”

This case analysis considers how digital disruption is reaching beyond technology to engulf traditionally considered low-tech industries and influence conventionally viewed non-digital businesses. For incumbent firms in these low-tech industries, the disruption brings not only plenty of opportunities but also numerous threats. Firms that quickly embrace the digital era by profoundly changing their incumbent strategies, systems, operational habits, and business models have great chances to outperform their competitors and succeed within this dynamic environment. One digital strategy that might be adopted by incumbent firms in the low-tech industries to seize the opportunities brought by digital disruption is to integrate their resource orchestration actions with advanced information technologies (ITs). Given the strong connection between firms’ resource orchestration actions and their competitive advantages, as well as the increasingly vital role of ITs in contemporary business operations, it is an imperative to investigate the impacts of ITs on the resource orchestration processes of modern enterprises. Additionally, for incumbent firms operating in the low-tech industries, integrating their resource management with modern ITs might help them effectively identify and accumulate unique resources, develop their capabilities, and create value through continuous reconfiguration of resources. Therefore, low-tech firms that strive to adopt modern information technologies in their resource orchestration process are more likely to achieve improved organizational performance and competitive advantages than their competitors.     

The effect of competitive actions and social media perceptions on offline car sales after automobile recalls

This paper explores the joint effect of competitive actions and social media related interactions on offline car sales after automobile recalls. Our analysis of all the mid-size automobile recall events in the U.S. from 2010 to 2015, the corresponding social media discussions of the recall and the competitive actions taken by the recalling firms and their competitors revealed that after recalls: (1) fewer competitive actions by the recalling firm are more effective in influencing car sales; (2) although social media discussions can increase awareness and sales, the change in perceptions of the brand on social media can negatively affect sales; and (3) the positive effect of social media on offline car sales is amplified when the recalling firm conducts fewer competitive actions, regardless of strategic or tactical actions, but is attenuated when competitors conduct more competitive actions. The current study adds to the competitive actions literature by considering the boundary conditions under which recalling firms can construct their competitive actions more effectively and extends the social media literature by incorporating both the focal and non-focal firms’ perspectives when examining the role of social media. Managerial implications for those responsible for steering companies through product recalls are also discussed.     

基于动态能力的新兴技术企业知识产权管理思维变革

提出了新兴技术的本质特征是高度不确定性和创造性毁灭，高度不确定的技术和市场环境要求企业具备动态能力的观点。并根据技术和市场的变化吸纳和集成企业内外部资源，获得可持续的竞争优势，指出知识产权是新兴技术领域企业形成和保持动态能力的柔性资源。最后，在新兴技术背景下，给出了管理知识产权需要确立系统思维、组合思维和分享思维的方法。     

专利平台战略的空间竞争优势

在现代工业发展中,产品平台、技术平台是制造企业开发制造新产品的有利工具。专利技术作为一种核心技术资源对于高科技制造企业的发展更是至关重要。企业如能结合二者的竞争优势形成专利平台战略,不仅能形成技术战略上的时间竞争优势,而且在企业的技术跨越方面,能形成技术创新和技术转移的空间优势。     

共享性资源对集群企业竞争优势的作用机制

顺承资源观的理论要义，以集群企业为研究对象，明晰了处于集群企业内部的战略性资源、处于产业集群层面的，共享性资源以及集群企业竞争优势三者之间的关系，进而构建出基于共享性资源的集群企业竞争优势概念模型，通过剖析共享性资源对集群企业竞争优势的作用机制，阐明共享性资源是集群企业获取竞争优势的另一重要源泉。     

企业网络结构的效率

企业是一个开放系统，必须通过与外界环境不断进行沟通和交互才能维持其生存和发展。企业的网络结构可以使企业获得知识和信息优势，网络中企业之间的互动可以使企业得到知识外部性的好处，同时企业之间的互动会产生系统性的网络效应，使得企业的价值创造行为在企业之间的联系更为紧密，从而增加了企业进行价值创造的机会。在知识和信息已经成为企业竞争优势的今天，企业与其合作之间可以通过网络关系的建立而获取持续竞争优势。     

Effect of technological intensity on the relationships among Six Sigma design,electronic-business,and competitive advantage: A dynamic capabilities model study

The implementation of Six Sigma programs must take into consideration the level of technological intensity of the organization to determine the relative impact of program design factors and the applications for electronic business on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). From a Dynamic Capabilities Model perspective, this research studies the moderating effect of technological intensity on the relationships among Six Sigma program design factors, e-business applications, and SCA for sixty-six manufacturing and service organizations. Technological intensity of a firm is defined as the level of research and development (R&D) expenditures as a percentage of corporate sales revenues. Corporations with greater technological intensity invest more heavily in Research and Development to become more competitive. Factor analysis for ten Six Sigma program design items resulted in five program design factors. High technological intensive firms are perceived as attaching a greater importance to certain design factors that are related to electronic-business practices, as compared to other design factors for low technological intensive companies. Similarly, different program design factors are associated with SCA for high-tech than for low-tech companies. Finally only high-tech companies have applications of Six Sigma to electronic-business practices that are correlated with SCA. The recent evolution of Six Sigma programs from manufacturing companies to service organizations suggests competitive opportunities exist for firms to enhance their success, especially in terms of process improvement design factors and applications to electronic-business.     

Roadblocks to competitive advantage: how organizational constraints and individual decision biases hinder investments in strategic assets

Resource-based theory suggests that unique and tacit resources may be key sources of sustainable competitive advantage. This framework is particularly compelling for technology-driven firms, where knowledge-based strategic assets are critical resources. In this paper we argue that managers pursuing a resource-based advantage are impeded by two mutually reinforcing and potentially interacting barriers: [a] structural and procedural characteristics of the resource-allocation process, and [b] individual cognitive biases in decisions involving uncertain, long time horizon investments. While the competitive challenge of implementing resource-based theory arises from the strategy literature, we describe how firms must address problems that exist at the organizational and individual levels to achieve a sustainable advantage.     

管理学习的过程模型：基于苏宁的案例研究

管理能力是企业竞争优势的重要来源,现在普遍认为企业通过管理学习能够获取先进的管理技术、推动管理水平的提升,但关于管理学习的具体过程还鲜有研究。本研究以苏宁云商集团为例,通过案例研究揭示了管理学习的动因以及学习过程中的内容选择、路径选择、网络构建三大核心问题。研究表明,①管理升级的困境是管理学习的关键动因;②企业可以通过参观和考察优秀企业、借助外部专业机构辨别学习内容,降低信息不对称性;③企业应该根据管理知识的属性、嵌入性及企业积累的知识基础等特征选择恰当的学习路径;④多元的内外部学习网络能够为企业提供异质的知识来源,从而降低信息不对称性,同时这也是内外部学习代理人的重要来源。