基于FC和VPRS的信用风险评价研究

企业信用风险评价是金融领域最重要的问题之一。提出一种将模糊聚类（FC）和变精度粗糙集理论（VPRS）结合进行信用风险评价的模型。首先利用模糊聚类法对样本上市公司数据进行离散化处理,然后根据变精度粗糙集理论抽取决策规则。结果表明,由该方法生成的决策规则能对样本数据进行正确的分类,并具有一定的抗干扰性。     

基于粗糙集理论的物流客户满意度评价研究

介绍了粗糙集理论的基本概念,尝试将粗糙集理论应用于物流客户满意度评价,目的是找出若干条适于客户满意度的决策规则。把影响客户满意度的因素作为决策表达系统的条件属性,并对其进行简化。在此基础上对属性值进行简化。最后得到决策表的简化表,并从中提取出决策规则。     

一种基于变精度粗糙集模型的数据挖掘方法

通过分析Pawlak粗糙集模型在数据挖掘中应用的局限性,提出了一种基于变精度粗糙集模型的数据挖掘方法。在数据挖掘中采用变精度粗糙集方法对胶合板缺陷数据进行属性约简和规则提取,并将所得规则用于分类。结果表明:变精度粗糙集改进了Pawlak粗糙集的不足,具有更高的可靠性和鲁棒性。     

基于粗糙集的翻译方法的改进仿真研究

研究提高翻译算法的翻译准确性问题。由于英语名词短语语法复杂、规则多,导致传统机器翻译算法存在效率低、准确率不高难题。为提高英语名词短语识别准确率,提出一种粗糙集的名词短语识别方法。粗糙集方法把英语名词短语识别当成一个决策问题,通过粗糙集理论对特征约简和规则优化,最后对其进行进识别。采用粗糙集方法对WSJ英语名词短语样本进行仿真实验,仿真结果表明,粗糙集的名词短语识别正确率高于其它翻译方法,是一种有效英语名词短语机器识别方法。为实际设计提供依据。     

基于粗糙集的决策表最小化方法研究

本文介绍了粗糙集的基本理论,及基于粗糙集的知识获取理论模型,并运用这一模型对企业人才引进案例进行分析,通过决策表约简,剔除冗余属性、消除过剩规则,最后得出了属性约简的最小化结果以及决策规则。     

基于改进模糊粗糙集的数学分类模型研究与仿真

在对数学分类模型进行分析的过程中,容易出现分类规则含义不明确,形式复杂等问题,导致传统的数学分类模型,由于采用学习算法对模型参数进行调整,无法有效实现数学分类,提出一种基于改进模糊粗糙集的数学分类模型,在模糊信息观下对模糊粗糙集进行分析。将互信息引入模糊粗糙集的分析中,对模糊决策表中模糊属性的相对重要性进行度量。通过bottom-up形式对相对约简进行计算。将空集作为初始点,依据属性重要性,逐次获取重要属性将其添加至集合中,直至达到终止条件。通过DTRS对数据集进行属性约简,将约简结果当成模型的输入变量。对数学分类模型的输入变量进行离散化处理。对决策表中的重复样本及通过冗余条件获取的决策表进行删除,获取决策规则。通过设定阈值对置信度较低的模糊规则进行过滤,删除因噪声样本形成的错误规则。仿真实验结果表明,所提方法具有很高的分类精度。     

基于粗糙集的经济数据分析

随着社会的快速发展,各种数据急剧增长,如何从这些海量数据中提取有用的信息成为了一个很现实而且重要的问题。在粗糙集理论中,如何去除冗余信息,留下关键信息,从中提取规则是很重要的,而且从规则中分析出一些内在规律,这对辅助决策有很大的帮助。本文利用粗糙集理论,对经济数据进行分析,从中得到一些经济规则,进行辅助决策。     

基于粗糙集遗传算法的入侵检测规则提取

针对八侵检测规则提取困难的现状,提出了基于粗糙集遗传算法的入侵规则挖掘算法.该算法利用粗糙集对数据的精简优势,以及遗传算法的高效并行特性,可以从系统的审计数据中提取出有效的规则.通过KDDCUP99入侵检测数据测试,证明算法的有效性和可行性.     

人员考评的定量化研究

本文分析了人员考评所要考虑的因素及其具体内容,引入层次分析法来确定各因素的相对权重,采用二级模糊综合评判法来分析综合评判结果,得到了一个综合评判结果的唯一确定的数值,以便于对所考评的人员进行比较和排序,为人员考评的定量化提供了一种较为全面而且适用的方法。     

基于粗糙集理论的CUBA运动员个人能力提高的影响因素分析

粗糙集理论是处理知识不精确和不完善的一种归纳学习方法,能在保留关键信息的前提下,对数据进行化简并求得最小的知识表达,同时能识别并评价数据之间的依赖程度。文中针对运动员个人能力影响因素的复杂性,将粗糙集理论的技术思想应用于CUBA运动员个人能力影响因素的定量分析中,研究了CUBA运动员个人能力提高与其影响因素的关系,并确定了影响运动员个人能力提高的主要因素。     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

The Information Environment and Universal Service

This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.