有效整合家长资源 共建幼儿成长乐园

《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中明确指出,家长是幼儿园教师的重要合作伙伴,应本着尊重、平等、合作的原则,吸引家长主动参与幼儿园的教育工作。那么如何有效整合家长资源,让家长共同参与幼儿园的教育就显得尤为重要。基于以上理念,笔者以幼儿园主题活动为突破口,尝试让家长参与孩子的活动,转变家长的教育观念,整合家长资源来实现家园同步教育,树立新的教育资源观,使孩子获得健康成长。     

谈家园合作对幼儿健康成长的重要性

幼儿园和家庭是实施早期教育的主要环境,双方有必要加强合作,促进幼儿健康成长。当前家园合作中存在的主要问题是:双方的角色定位不科学,幼儿教师的综合素质还不够高,家长育儿理念依然陈旧。作为幼儿教师,我们要具备先进的教育理念、科学的方法和出色的运作技巧,让家长参与到幼儿园的活动中来,实现教师、家长和孩子的共同成长。     

农村地区家园合作问题及对策——基于人类发展文化本质论视角

家园合作是有效提高幼儿园教育质量的重要途径之一。目前农村地区家园合作存在缺乏实效,家长被动参与和本土教育资源发掘意识欠缺的问题。根据对农村地区家园合作问题的归因分析,结合人类发展的文化本质理论为我国农村地区家园合作的开展提供建议:置家园合作于农村的文化生态环境中;重视体验式家园活动在农村家园合作中的作用;发挥家园合作在中华民间文化传承中的作用。     

家园合力，共促幼儿和谐发展

家园合作是幼儿教育的新思想。幼儿园应积极开展家庭教育指导科学育儿,提高家长参与合作的教育能力;畅通家园沟通渠道、平等对话。激发家长参与合作的主动性;创新家园合作形式,把亲子活动常态化,利用家长资源开创家园合作共育的新局面：让家长参与管理,统整资源,齐心协力．共同为幼儿的健康成长提供双重保障,实现幼儿园教育与家庭教育双丰收。     

谈家园合作对幼儿健康成长的重要性

幼儿园和家庭是实施早期教育的主要环境,双方有必要加强合作,促进幼儿健康成长。当前家园合作中存在的主要问题是：双方的角色定位不科学,幼儿教师的综合素质还不够高。家长育儿理念依然陈旧,作为幼儿教师,我们要具备先进的教育理念、科学的方法和出色的运作技巧,让家长参与到幼儿园的活动中来,实现教师、家长和孩子的共同成长。     

家园合作渗入幼儿园科学教育活动的调查研究

抽取成都市开展了科学教育活动的幼儿园,通过对家长问卷调查和对教师访谈相结合的方法,对家园合作渗入幼儿园科学教育活动的现状进行调查分析,发现家园合作开展幼儿科学教育活动过程中存在家长观念陈旧、活动参与性不高,家园合作缺乏系统性和明确性等问题,分析其原因在于幼儿园缺乏系统的家园合作机制、合作形式化、教师缺乏创新、家长欠缺科学认识,为更好的实现家园合作,对社会、幼儿园、家长提出了有效性的建议,以此为促进幼儿科学启蒙教育打下坚实的基础.     

家园合作模式解析

要探讨家园合作的模式,认清家长在家园合作中的角色位置,首先要分析的是:幼儿园希望家长的参与方式有哪些?家长对幼儿园老师又有怎样的期望? 幼儿园希望家长的参与方式: (1)开放日(如观摩幼儿在幼儿园一日的活动及其表现);(2)家长日(如接受家长咨询,讨论教育措施);(3)非正式接触(如送子女入园时家长与教师互相交谈);(4)参与、协助幼儿园教学;(5)参与、协助幼儿园活动;(6)电话联系;(7)家长会;(8)在如何教育子女问题上,接受教师的文字信息指导;(9)成立家长委员会;(10)参加园务委员会;(11)参加家长学校;(12)其他。     

家园合作理论基础的研究

随着家园合作问题越来越受到全社会的重视,新的《幼儿园工作规程》也已经出台,工作规程中强调幼儿园应当主动与幼儿家庭沟通合作,为家长提供科学育儿宣传指导,帮助家长创设良好的家庭教育环境,共同担负教育幼儿的任务。落实好这一要求之前,我们可以先了解相关理论基础,贴切的理论可以帮助我们更深刻地理解相关实践问题。本人通过阅读相关文献,结合在幼儿园的实习经历,分析了社会生态系统理论,卢梭的教育理念和福禄贝尔的相关教育理论,用这些教育理念指导家园合作的落实,让幼儿园在家园合作方面科学地实施,也让家园合作的落实有科学的理论基础做支撑。     

课题实施中家长与我们一起走

自从我园开展省级课题研究以来,我们课题组成员在学习加德纳<多元智能理论>的同时,深刻领会<幼儿园指导纲要>中提出的"家庭是幼儿园重要的合作伙伴,应本着尊重、平等、合作的原则,争取家长的理解、支持和主动参与.并积极支持、帮助家长提高教育能力"这一理论精髓.在实践中我们发现:家长是重要的教育资源,只有充分挖掘其潜力,才能有效地促进家园互动.由衷地认识到:家长是参与课程建构中的一个有机组成部分,是课题实施强有力的保证;开放性教育活动离不开丰富的资源,而资源的整合更有赖于有效的家园互动.     

家园合作中的“理、引、赞”实施策略

家园合作是近几年许多幼儿园着力探索的热点问题,新《纲要》也指出：“家庭是幼儿园重要的合作伙伴,应本着尊重、平等、合作的原则,争取家长的理解、支持和主动参与,并积极支持、帮助家长提高教育能力。”这是对家园合作的肯定和认同。但是,多数幼儿园的家长工作存在着“教师指挥多,家长参与少;单向灌输多,双方互动少”等问题,严重制约了家园共育工作的有效展开。在十多年的教育教学实践中,我一直秉着“家园共育、通力合作”的理念,在沟通中求理解,在管理中求合作,更多地采用“理、引、赞”的形式,为家园双方共同推进孩子的进步提供新的动力。     

学校教育功能与校外教育功能的整合

校外教育功能的载体包括家庭、幼儿园、各类社会文化机构及其活动。对于家庭教育与幼儿园教育,要吸收西方教育的先进理念与我国传统教育的精华,整合他们与学校教育的功能。同时,在终生教育理念的指导下,整合各类社会教育与学校教育的功能,逐步推进教育的社会化。     

农村幼师职前培养目标规格定位的重新审视

农村幼师职前培养目标规格定位关系到学前师资队伍建设与学前教育事业的整体发展.现有农村幼师职前培养目标规格在定位准确性和职业适应性等方面都存在问题,因此,我们应该立足于农村学前教育的实际情况,在政策和理论的引领下,重新审视农村幼师职前培养的目标规格.具体来说,就是要坚持“本土化”与“标准化”内在统一,坚持“全科型”与“专科型”有机结合,坚持“应用型”与“研究型”相得益彰.     

美国海斯科普课程及对我国幼儿园课程设置的启示

海斯科普课程是美国广泛运用的早期儿童教育方案课程模式之一。海斯科普课程的特点为:注重儿童发展中的关键经验,注重教师专业性发展,重视环境的创设,家长是课程实施的参与者。海斯科普课程以游戏的形式在活动区开展,实施过程用"五个时间"来概括,即计划时间、工作时间、整理和收拾时间、回忆时间、小组活动时间和大组活动时间。对我国幼儿园课程设置的启示为:尊重幼儿的主动学习,提升教师的专业素质,重视环境创设,强调家园合作。     

Education,Social Capital and the Accordion Effect

The ‘accordion effect’ is an effect of language which allows us to describe one and the same thing more or less narrowly. Social capital has been conceived in terms of our access to institutional resources, but also in terms that extend to the levels of trust and related resources found in the social networks we are embedded in. The former conception is narrower, favoured for its specificity and analytical utility. The latter conception is broader, favoured for its acknowledgement of context, including the qualitative features of relations between individuals and within communities. These conceptions appear incompatible, but both have numerous adherents in educational research, and it is unclear whether either can be eliminated without some threat to the intelligibility and explanatory promise of social capital theory in an educational context. This raises hard questions about the domains, questions and methods that the social capital concept is best applied to. Should the concept prove resistant to any defensible specification, this will require a significant revision to the stock of conceptual resources available for understanding and explaining educational progress.     

The mismeasure of monkeys: education policy research and the evolution of social capital

This conceptual history traces the rise of ‘social capital’ from the theories of James Coleman and Pierre Bourdieu to its eventual adoption in fields such as primatology and evolutionary psychology. It argues that the earliest theories of social capital were formulated in response to a growing perception that education was an economic investment. It argues, moreover, that peculiarities in the earliest theories of social capital, as well as a confluence of historical factors, led to an explosion of social capital research during the 1990s and 2000s. Though researchers have attributed social capital’s meteoric rise to the expansion of neoliberal discourse, my account suggests that the factors behind the concept’s growth were more complex and manifold. Social capital has never been a singular idea with clear ties to a single theory or ideology. It is all the more troubling, then, that many researchers have discussed this nebulous concept as if it were a self-explanatory and universal empirical principle that can be used to generate ‘further knowledge.’ Recommendations for mitigating this problem are made by discussing how researchers should (and should not) use terms such as social capital, neoliberalism, and analytic concepts in general.     

Cultural activities and educational progress: evidence from Russian longitudinal data / Actividades culturales y progreso educativo: evidencia basada en datos longitudinales procedentes de Rusia

This study analyses the possible influence of cultural activities such as visits to theatres, museums, exhibitions, zoos, circuses, excursions, trips and campaigns on educational progress. It uses longitudinal data taken from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, which is a unique nationally representative survey; the sample consists of schoolchildren aged six to14. The methodology makes use of the panel data structure and logit regressions to effectively control for time-invariant determinants of educational achievements, and the method directly controls for socioeconomic status, students’ health, public school, region, age and gender. Consequently, this study accurately measured the isolated effect of cultural activities. The findings suggest that these cultural activities correlated positively with educational progress, as the cultural capital theory predicts. However, participation in these activities without parents did not show significant effects. Therefore, parental participation seems necessary to observe a positive association between cultural activities and educational progress, in accordance with the social capital theory.     

State Education Finance and Governance Profile: South Carolina

As more state legislatures join the debate on school-choice and parent-trigger legislation, their discussions draw attention to an evolving landscape outside school walls where parental action shapes educational opportunity. Parents wield their political, social, economic, and cultural capital to secure the best educational outcomes for their children. This paper identifies the political frames that distinguish the educational opportunity-seeking behavior of middle-, working-, and lower-class parents. Rational choice and interest group theories are used to explain the politics of middle-class opportunity hoarding by way of tracking and school-choice practices. Policy entrepreneurship and interest group theory provide the frameworks to explain the support for vouchers and parent-trigger laws by lower- and working-class parents as part of their opportunity-prying efforts.     

Parents' Conceptions of Kindergarten Readiness: Relationships With Race,Ethnicity, and Development

Abstract

Data from the National Household Education Survey (1993) were used to examine parents' conceptions of kindergarten readiness and home-learning activities. Parents reported reading to their children an average of several days each week; a majority of children watched educational television programs such as Sesame Street. African American and Hispanic parents, and other parents of color, were significantly more likely than Caucasian parents to express concerns about their childís readiness for kindergarten. However, Caucasian parents were significantly more likely than other parents to comment that they would delay sending their child to kindergarten until he or she was older. Parent concerns about their child's kindergarten readiness were unrelated to learning activities and educational television viewing at home.     

Socially constructed readiness for school

Educational researchers, early childhood educators, and parents often think of readiness for school as a measurable child characteristic. This ignores the social process by which readiness is used to group, rank, and compare children and the variability in the term's use from community to community. This study proposes that readiness for school should be conceived as being “socially constructed.” Using a conceptual framework based on Vygotskian theory and cultural anthropology, we develop the concept of “activity setting” as a social process in which cognitive processes and meaning structures develop. The emerging meaning of readiness is examined by using an activity‐setting analysis in three different communities and kindergarten settings.     

The dynamic role of cultural capital in the competitive school admission process: a Chinese experience

School choice in China is a parent-initiated bottom-up movement characterised by the payment of a substantial ??choice fee?? to the desired school, and parents?? positional competition through the use of cultural, social and economic capital, before and during the school choice process. This study demonstrates that Chinese middle class parents?? cultural capital and their efforts to help their children to accumulate cultural capital through after-school activities greatly increase their positional advantage in the competitive school admission process in China. The Chinese practice of acquiring cultural capital outside the family has to some extent extended the development of Bourdieu??s cultural reproduction theory. The widespread practice of such actions by middle class families clearly illustrates how cultural capital can be used to maintain social stratification by perpetuating educational inequalities that lead to unequal life opportunities for differently schooled people.