中学化学教师学科教学知识的课例研究——以“晶体的常识”为例

化学教师学科教学知识是化学学科知识与教学知识在教学实践情境中的整合、内化与升华。化学教师学科教学知识的合理内核包括:对化学主题的认知、对学生学习风格与准备的认知、对教学策略的选择以及教学评价的认知等。以常态课"晶体的常识"为例分析新手化学教师学科教学知识的特质及存在的缺漏。通过搭建支架式"行动教育"平台、从"学习化学教学"到"研究化学教学"的转变、校本教研等教师培训模式的改革,可以促使教师学科教学知识从"教育教学理论性知识"到"实践性知识"再到"理论性实践"的升华,进而促进化学教师的专业化发展。     

幼儿园教师专业成长的关键——学科教学知识的养成

学科教学知识是影响教师专业成长的关键因素.学科教学知识(PCK)的概念自舒尔曼首次提出以来,经历了从学科教学认知(PCKg)、技术的学科教学知识(TPCK)到信息通信技术支持下的技术学科教学知识(ICT-TPCK)的演变.这种演变体现了学科教学知识的转化性、建构性和情境性特征.结合社会化、外化、综合化、内化四种知识转化方式探讨幼儿园教师学科教学知识的养成,有助于我们了解幼儿园教师的专业成长过程.     

思政课教师学科教学知识:特征·结构·进路

基于核心素养培育的课程改革对传统思政课教师学科教学知识提出新的要求,明确思政课教师学科教学知识的基本特征,探究思政课教师学科教学知识的结构和发展路径,对于思政学科核心素养的提升和新时代思政课教师专业发展具有重要意义。结合已有研究成果和思政学科特点,本文重点阐述了思政课教师学科教学知识的结构和发展路径。思政课教师学科教学知识包括四个组成部分:思政学科的课程知识、教学内容知识、关于学生理解的知识和教学策略知识。从教师学习的角度来看,思政课教师学科教学知识的发展路径包括理论学习与实践学习并重、浅层学习向深层学习转化、构建开放式的思政课教师学习共同体。     

借助教育评价提升幼儿教师学科教学水平的路径探析

学科教学知识详细阐释了一名教师应该掌握的认知知识,是当前有关教师研究的前沿理论。实践表明,多数幼儿教师并不具备完整的学科教学知识。研究者意从教育评价这一环节出发,主要从教育评价是否有提升教师学科教学知识的可能性及保证教育评价可以提升教师学科教学知识的条件两个角度阐述提升幼儿教师学科教学知识的方法。     

基于学科教学知识的教师专业发展——以少数民族地区英语教师为例

教师是教育教学的专业人员,他们的知识结构是教师发展的重要内容.学科教学知识作为教师教学的基础知识在教师专业发展中居于重要地位.本文从我国少数民族地区英语教师专业发展现状探讨了少数民族地区教师学科教学知识的发展,以期对少数民族地区的英语教师专业发展有所启示.     

学科教学知识：一个教师专业发展的新视角

学科教学知识概念的提出，对教师教育的理论与实践产生了重大影响。文章在探讨了学科教学知识的内涵、特征、建构等问题，并分析了学科教学知识对教师专业发展的意义的基础上，进而提出以学科教学知识概念指导我国教师教育改革的若干对策。     

新课程下高中化学教学中建构PCKg模型的探索

在新课程实施的这几年中,教师在研究新课程标准和改变教育教学理念时,往往忽视教师自身学科教学认知（PCKg）发展方向及在课堂上教师的学科教学认知如何被应用。笔者主要探索在高中化学教学中建构PCKg模型,教师在教学中实现＂外铄＂到＂生长＂、从＂知识＂到＂认知＂、从＂分散＂到＂整合＂三大转向,而使学生主体得到最有效学习。     

学科理解研究：源起、进展及路向

学科理解研究是对浅层学习和离身认知的省察,是培养学生学科核心素养、彰显学科整体育人价值的需要,也是培养终身学习者的需要。学科理解是对学科本体知识的回溯性、结构化的深层认知,是教师有效开展学科教学的基础,是促进教师专业发展和服务学生终身发展的关键,具有重要的教育价值和时代意义。但是,对学科理解的概念把握障碍、理论与实践割裂、理解结果外显困难等现实问题也在不断涌现。学科理解研究亟需推动全学科参与和学段联动,形成学科理解内涵的全域性解读;破除传统授受教学困囿,导向实践性、意义性的学生学科理解;让理解在行动中表现,以真实问题解决促进学科认知和创造。     

整合技术的学科教学知识视角下的教师教育课程结构——以S师范大学历史学院课程结构为例

师范教育转向教师教育已然成为教育发展过程中的一个社会事实。对这一社会事实的教育梳理,借由整合技术的学科教学知识发展理论,从专业、社会互构、学校变革的角度对其进行了分析:专业发展驱动教师教育从学科教学法知识转向整合技术的学科教学知识;社会变迁驱使教师教育课程科目与名目增减;学校变革回应了师范教育向教师教育的转型。     

论高职ESP学科教学知识与ESP教师专业发展

教师的学科教学知识是教师在长期的教学实践中获得的,具有情境性、动态性、实践性、个体性和针对性等特点,在教师专业发展中起到不可取代的作用.文章通过对高等职业学校ESP学科知识结构和性质的论述,分析ESP特定群体的学科教学知识,试图从新的视角理解教和学的关系,并提出ESP教师专业发展的途径.     

职前英语教师学科教学知识及其养成途径探究——以浙江师范大学英本《教育体验》课程为例

随着教师认知与教师知识研究的不断深入,教师获取学科教学知识(PCK)途径被认为是教师教育的重要内容。本文以本校创设的《教育体验》课程为实践基础,以Grossman为培养教学实践能力而提出的三个核心概念等为理论基础,提出了体现任务型、探究型与动态型的养成PCKg的"3DT"模式:单元教学设计(Desig-ning)、课堂观摩描述(Describing)、精彩片段分解(Decomposing)、体验反思提升(Theorizing)。实践证明该模式能促进职前教师PCKg的养成。     

Investigating the relationship between pre-service physics teachers' professional knowledge,self-concept,and interest

This study investigates the relationships between professional knowledge, self-concept, and interest of pre-service physics teachers. In order to support student learning and interest development alike, teachers need a profound professional knowledge and respective motivational orientations. Developing both professional knowledge and motivational orientations in teachers is therefore a key challenge of teacher education. Prior research has focused on the development of content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) within teacher education, but the role of motivational orientations such as self-concept and interest have mostly been neglected areas of study. As individuals develop domain-specific motivational orientations, they compare their achievement in an external frame to the achievement of their peers, and they compare their achievements in an internal frame across domains. The effects of these psychological processes on domain-specific motivational orientations are described by the generalized internal/external frame of reference model (GI/E model). We assessed the professional knowledge (CK and PCK) and motivational orientations (self-concept and interest) of N = 200 pre-service physics teachers from 12 teacher education institutes in Germany. To investigate the predictions of the GI/E model, we utilized structural equation modeling. In line with the GI/E model, the analysis revealed that pre-service teachers use social comparisons. Pre-service teachers with a higher CK/PCK also showed a higher CK/PCK self-concept. We also identified instances of internal comparisons as we found that a high level of CK corresponds with a lower PCK self-concept. While we could not identify the same effects from professional knowledge on interest, self-concept mediated the effects from professional knowledge on interest. The results suggest that interdependencies between professional knowledge and motivational orientation should be given more consideration in teacher education research and should also be addressed more explicitly in teacher education.     

Development of an instrument for exploring preservice technology teachers’ maker-based technological pedagogical content knowledge

With the development of the maker movement, more and more teachers are applying a broad range of technological tools in their pedagogy, instead of only information technology. This study details the development and validation of the Teachers Maker-based TPACK Survey Instrument (TMTSI), a revised model designed to measure technology teachers’ maker-based technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) in utilizing maker-based tools to support their teaching. We recruited 165 preservice secondary technology teachers in Taiwan for this study and confirmatory factor analysis was applied to validate the instrument. Our findings suggest that TMTSI provided a valid and highly reliable research-based instrument that also serves as a professional development model to help scaffold the development of K-12 technology teachers. This paper details the theoretical foundations of TMTSI, reports on its reliability and validity, and discusses the application and implications of TMTSI for teacher education and professional development.     

The psychological dimension of transformation in teacher learning

Against a background which recognises pedagogical content knowledge as the distinctive element of teacher competence/expertise, this theoretical essay argues for its central construct – that of transformation – to be understood by teachers and teacher educators in psychological terms (as was originally proposed by Dewey). Transformation requires teachers to fashion disciplinary knowledge such that it is accessible to the learner. It is argued that for transformation to happen, teacher thinking must include a sophisticated grasp of cognition and metacognition if teachers are to be characterised as competent, let alone expert. This article is written within a context of considerable social and academic scrutiny in the UK of the form and content of professional teacher preparation and development. In recent years, the contribution of psychological knowledge to teacher education has been filtered through procedural lenses of how best to ‘manage classrooms’, ‘assess learning’, ‘build confidence’ or whatever without a matched concern for psychological constructs through which such issues might be interpreted; thus, leaving teachers vulnerable in their professional understandings of learning and its complexities. That society now requires high-level cognitive engagement amongst its participants places cognitive and metacognitive demands on teachers which can only be met if they themselves are conceptually equipped.     

信息技术支持下的学科教学知识:缘起、演化、结构模型及其教育意蕴

信息技术支持下的学科教学知识(TPACK)是学科教学知识(PCK)在信息化时代的发展。技术知识(TK)、教法知识(PK)和内容知识(CK)是TPACK结构模型中的基础成分;学科教学知识(PCK)、技术支持下的内容知识(TCK)、技术支持下的教学知识(TPK)和技术支持下的学科教学知识(TPACK)是TPACK结构模型中的互动成份。TPACK框架在理论上、在教师教育、在教学实践上等诸方面为信息技术与学科课程整合提供了新思路,将有助于我们推动学科教学知识发展,将为学科教育的信息化提供有力的教学知识基础。     

Analysis of a physics teacher's pedagogical ‘micro-actions’ that support 17-year-olds’ learning of free body diagrams via a modelling approach

Great teaching is characterised by the specific actions a teacher takes in the classroom to bring about learning. In the context of model-based teaching (MBT), teachers’ difficulty in working with students’ models that are not scientifically consistent is troubling. To address this problem, the aim of this study is to identify the pedagogical micro-actions to support the development of scientific models and modelling skills during the evaluation and modification stages of MBT. Taking the perspective of pedagogical content knowing (PCKg), it identifies these micro-actions as an in-situ, dynamic transformation of knowledges of content, pedagogy, student and environment context. Through a case study approach, a lesson conducted by an experienced high-school physics teacher was examined. Audio and video recordings of the lesson contributed to the data sources. Taking a grounded approach in the analysis, eight pedagogical micro-actions enacted by the teacher were identified, namely ‘clarification’, ‘evaluation’, ‘explanation’, ‘modification’, ‘exploration’, ‘referencing conventions’, ‘focusing’ and ‘meta-representing’. These micro-actions support students’ learning related to the conceptual, cognitive, discursive and epistemological aspects of modelling. From the micro-actions, we identify the aspects of knowledges of PCKg that teachers need in order to competently select and enact these micro-actions. The in-situ and dynamic transformation of these knowledges implies that professional development should also be situated in the context in which these micro-actions are meaningful.     

数学教师专业发展的新视角——数学教学内容知识(MPCK)

数学教学内容知识(MPCK)是关于某一特定的数学内容该如何进行表述、呈现和解释,以使学生更容易接受和理解的知识.它作为数学教师知识结构的核心,是区别数学教师与数学家、数学教师与其它学科教师的重要特征,是数学教师专业成长的重要体现.依据我国数学教师的特点,通过数学知识向数学教学内容知识的转化不失为一条发展教师MPCK的直接而有效的途径.     

初中数学教师学科教学知识形成的个案研究简

通过对初中数学青年骨干教师L老师的叙事研究．研究者认为初中数学学科教学知识对学科内容知识量的要求是有限的,但对教师理解内容知识的深刻性有较高要求;实践与反思是形成学科教学知识的关键。L老师学科教学知识的生成途径有其独特的地方,值得其他教师借鉴和学习,可以概括为“二研五专”,即：研究教材、研题磨题、专业阅读、专题研究、专业现场、专题写作、专家引领。