在体育教学中培养学生注意力的若干办法

引言:注意是人的心理活动对一定客体的指向和集中.注意使人能够及时地集中自己的心理活动,从而正确地反映客观事物,所以在教学中必须培养学生具有良好品质的注意,方能提高学习效率。怎样培养学生的注意品质呢?根据自己和一些教师多年的教学实践,现归纳如下。     

运用注意规律组织教学

注意,是人的心理活动对一定事物的指向和集中。注意本身不是一种独立的心理活动过程,而是感觉、知觉、记忆、思想等心理过程的一种共同特征。注意是学生学习掌握技术动作,完成和增加练习动作次数的必要条件。在体育课教学过程中,使每一个学生的心理活动都能指向或集中...     

注意与体育教学训练

1.注意的概念注意是人的心理活动对一定对象的指向和集中。指向是心理活动反映对象的范围,使心理活动具有一定的方向。集中是心理活动反映对象的深入程度,使心理活动不离开注意的对象。注意是心理过程的开始,并且总是伴随心理过程,在心理过程中,注意并不消失,它使心理过程顺利进行。注意是一种心理特征,它只起着维持某种心理活动的指向和使这种活动不断深入的作用。为了引起学生对当前学习的注意,我们常常会提醒他们“注意听讲解的内容”、“注意看动作示范”。因为,如果不提醒他们注意,就可能会错过对某些信息的感知。人的感知系统的生理水…     

运用注意规律 搞好球类项目教学

<正> 注意是一种特殊的心理活动,是人的心理对外界一定事物的集中与指向。所谓集中,是指心理活动所反映对象的清晰和完善的程度,而指向则是指人的心理活动所反映的对象的范围,使心理活动具有一定的方向。人的心理活动,在同一时间内不可能同时指向并集中到许多方面,这是由客观刺激物的特点和个体的主观状况所决定的。注意的指向和集中是密切联系的,没有指向就没有集中,指向通过集中来体现,集中则使人对事物的反映更清晰,更完善     

运用注意规律进行体操教学

一注意是心理活动对一定事物的指向和集中。由于这种指向和集中,人脑才能够清晰地反映周围现实中的一定事物。它是心理活动的一种积极的状态,使心理活动具有一定的方向。这种心理活动,在体操教学的实践中起着很重要的作用。注意从其发生来说是机体的一种定向反射,它能保持人体清晰地感受到周围环境的刺激,使人体能做出相应的反应。注意是一切实践活动的必要条件。尤其在我们的体操教学中,如不注意或注意不集中,就会使动作出现错误或造成伤害事故。     

篮球运动员的注意品质及其训练

一、前言 注意是人的心理活动对一定对象的指向和集中。篮球运动属于运动速度快、身体对抗程度高、拼抢激烈、攻守转换迅速的集体运动项目,需要运动员把握复杂的运动情景以及迅速审时度势地获取大量外部信息,还需要运动员掌握自己、同伴、对手的身体状况、心理状况及竞技状态,并把这些内、外部因素结合自己的知识经验进行分析、综合。所以,具有较高的注意技巧是成为一个优秀篮球运动员的首要条件。 二、篮球运动中的注意品质及其训练 (一)注意的选择性 1、注意的选择性品质分析 注意的核心技能之一就是选择适宜的刺激或线索的能力。运动员应将自己的注意从数不胜数的无关刺激和对抗性刺激中指向适宜的刺激或线索。在篮球比赛     

浅谈注意规律在体育教学中的运用

教学是师生的双边活动,其质量的好坏,主要表现在课堂教学的效果上。上好一堂体育课的因素很多,就心理方面而言,注意是一个不可忽视的因素。所谓注意,是指心理活动对一定对象的指向和集中。它本身不是一种独立的心理过程,而是感觉、知觉、记忆、思维等心理过程的共同心理特征。注意是心理活动的组织者,是一切认识活动的开端,并伴随着人的认识活动的始终。在体育教学中,保持良好的注意状态,能使学生及时地集中自己的心     

浅谈运用注意规律组织教学

在体育教学中,常常遇有部分学生心不在焉,视而不见、听而不闻的情况。这种情况不利于对体育知识、技术、技能的掌握,对上好体育课,提高教学质量影响很大。为此,本文就如何运用注意规律组织体育教学谈一些粗浅的体会。所谓注意,是人的心理活动对一定客体的指向和集中。例如:学生注意上体育课,     

体育课怎样集中学生的注意力?

注意,是人的心理活动对一定事物的指向和集中。是进行学习、工作、劳动的主要条件。学生良好的注意品质,是在长期的教学训练中培养和发展起来的。体育课的教学,多数是在课堂外进行,干扰和影响学生的注意条件要比在课堂里多得多。所以,能在教学中集中学生的注意,是教师的一种教学艺术。那么,怎样才能集中学生的注意力呢?     

注意规律在体育教学中的运用

心理学告诉我们:注意是心理活动对一定事物的指向和集中,即人的心理活动指向和集中于某种事物时,这就是注意。注意规律是教学规律中的重要规律之一。体育课教学多在室外进行,由于学生多,活动区域广,     

有关高原训练中强度训练问题的探讨

以我国体能类项目存在的问题为切入点,提出在高原训练中加强高速持续跑能力和冲刺跑能力训练的客观依据,使高原训练平原化,从训练理念上纠正因高原PO2降低带来的训练强度难以达到平原训练相似强度的观念,并在实践的基础上提出高原训练"耐力是基础,速度是关键,素质是保证"的总体思路.     

Strength training: isometric training at a range of joint angles versus dynamic training

Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18 - 30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles.     

间歇训练法在散打训练中的应用

介绍了间歇训练法的原理、功能及其类型、特点,着重从3个方面分析了间歇训练法在散打训练实践中的应用。     

Strength training: Isometric training at a range of joint angles versus dynamic training

Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18?–?30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles.     

Strength training

Introductory textbooks commonly state that Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) are responsible for a reflex response that inhibits a muscle producing dangerously high tension (autogenic inhibition). Review of the relevant data from animal studies demonstrates that there is wide variability in the magnitude of, and even the presence of, GTO autogenic effects among locomotor hindlimb muscles, and that data on GTO effects under conditions of voluntary maximal muscle activation are lacking. A single available study on GTO function in humans, during a moderate contraction, surprisingly shows a reduction in autogenic inhibition during muscle‐force production. Further, it is not possible to find experimental evidence supporting the idea that strength training may produce a decrease in GTO mediated autogenic inhibition, allowing greater muscle activation levels and hence greater force production.     

Strength training

Literature concerning the theoretical role of spinal reflex circuits and their sensorimotor signals in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) muscle stretching techniques was examined. Reviewed data do not support the assertion commonly made in PNF literature that contraction of a stretched muscle prior to further stretch, or contraction of opposing muscles during muscle stretch, produces relaxation of the stretched muscle. Further, following contraction of a stretched muscle, inhibition of the stretch reflex response lasts only 1 s. Studies examined suggested that decreases in the response amplitude of the Hoffmann and muscle stretch reflexes following a contraction of a stretched muscle are not due to the activation of Golgi tendon organs, as commonly purported, but instead may be due to presynaptic inhibition of the muscle spindle sensory signal. The current view on the complex manner by which the spinal cord processes proprioceptive signals was discussed. The ability of acute PNF stretching procedures to often produce a joint range of motion greater than that observed with static stretching must be explained by mechanisms other than the spinal processing of proprioceptive information. Studies reviewed indicate that changes in the ability to tolerate stretch and/or the vis‐coelastic properties of the stretched muscle, induced by PNF procedures, are possible mechanisms.     

运动训练过程中若干训练理念甄别

采用文献研究法、比较分析法和逻辑分析法,对运动训练过程中训练理念的意义以及六对训练理念的本质和要求进行了甄别分析.研究结果表明:在专项化训练过程中,要提倡与运动员水平相适应的早期专项化,反对早期成人化;提倡高度专项化,反对全面专项化;在一定条件下提倡负荷专项化,避免专项负荷大量化;重视运动训练的全面化,更要重视训练的整体化.运动训练要在技术规范化的基础上发展个体化特点;在遵循训练原则的基础上,强化指标量化调控.     

浅析念动训练在健美操教学训练中的应用

通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法、对比实验法针对念动训练在健美操教学训练中的应用进行对比实验,结果表明：念动训练这种心理学训练方法在健美操教学中具有优越性,对加深对动作的理解有着非常重要的作用,建议教师在健美操教学的各阶段中合理安排念动训练,提高教学效果。     

浅析普通高校田径业余训练新思路——OSF训练法

本文通过分析与实证相结合的方式阐述了OSF训练法可以作为普通高校业余田径训练的一种新方法,并对该训练方法的优缺点和实践中应注意的问题等进行了初步分析。     

对训练周期理论与板块训练理论的再审视

对训练周期理论和板块训练理论进行了比较后发现,两种理论的冲竞占、主要集中在高水平运动员是否适应新的参赛机制和高水平运动员专项能力提高的生物适应性以及训练理论模型适用的训练范围上;而对两种理论的辨析与思考,得出了训练理论与训练实践脱节的原因是训练理论模型的非真理性和训练理论模型的经验化。