110m跨栏跑技术要素浅析

现代 110m跨栏跑技术特点与以前的技术特点在全程跑中差异是多方面的 ,诸如完整技术的实效性、环节技术的熟练性、专业特点的经济性 ,以及反映这三个特性的几个技术如“直线性 ,节奏性、摆动腿技术、腿臂配合技术”等 ,正是这些技术的不同点构成了现代技术与过去技术的不同 ,而现代技术日趋完善和合理。通过对 110m跨栏跑的技术特点和理论依据的分析 ,为 110m跨栏教学、训练和研究提供参考     

现代110米栏的技术特点

通过查阅大量技术资料和观看比赛录像,对110米跨栏跑现代和过去技术的研究,得出跨栏跑的摆动腿技术、起跨腿技术、着地技术、腿臂配合等技术方面的不同,构成了现代技术与过去技术质的不同,而使现代技术更趋完善和合理。     

对男子110m栏技术要素的分析研究

跨栏技术的实效性、环节技术的熟练性、专业特点的经济性和反映这三个特性的几个技术如“直线性、节奏性、摆动腿技术、腿臂配合技术” ,构成了现代 110m跨栏跑技术的特点 ,使其更趋完善和合理。通过对 110m跨栏跑现代技术要素的分析 ,揭示了现代 110m跨栏跑的技术特点及理论依据 ,对男子 110m跨栏的教学、训练提供借鉴     

现代男子100m跑的技术特点分析

对男子100m跑全程进行了分析。结果表明，现代短跑技术动作朝着加速时间和距离延长，途中跑距离相应缩短和更加注重跑与个人技术特点相结合的技术方向发展。     

试析放松技术与100m成绩的联系

运动员协调性和放松能力的强弱决定着100m跑成绩的优劣.本文结合短跑实际,运用运动理论知识,从放松技术与100m跑的内在联系入手,阐明了放松技术在100m跑中的重要性.     

略论女子100m跑的训练

1 前言当今世界体育强国的100m跑提高较快,我国女子100m跑水平虽有较大的进步,但与世界水平相比有较大差距.研究分析国内外优秀女子短跑技术的发展趋向,为稳步提高我国女子100m跑成绩有一定现实意义.本文将用科学理论,对照统计材料与个人短跑实践,着重从影响100m跑成绩的两个因素,步频与步长变化,谈提高我国女子100m跑运动员速度的训练.2 理论概述与分析2.1 速度是步频、步长两个因素的结合,然而速度的增长或减慢是取决于这两个因素(或其中一个)的变化.从100m跑成绩与步频、步长变化的数学公式:百米成绩=100m/(步频×步长)可     

短跑途中跑支撑阶段影响水平速度因素的运动学分析

运用激光测速系统、运动学分析系统以及多参数同步触发系统,在上海2名优秀短跑运动员的100 m跑训练过程中进行测试,将运动员100 m途中跑支撑阶段的运动学参数与人体运动的水平速度进行同步分析,来揭示短跑运动员100 m途中跑速度的变化规律,讨论和分析短跑运动员100 m途中跑支撑阶段的不同运动学参数的变化与人体速度的关系,为教练员和运动员提高短跑途中跑的速度和改进技术动作提供一定的数据参考和理论依据。     

对改进100m途中跑着地技术及其对整体技术效果影响的实验研究

运用运动生物力学原理，提出在100m途中跑脚下放着地过程的最后阶段“积极回摆小腿”的技术改进设想。对实验对象实验前后的运动成绩、脚着地技术效果以及对100m途中跑整体技术效果的影响等方面进行了比较和分析。实验结果表明：通过改进100m途中跑脚着地技术，实验组的100m跑成绩和途中跑脚着地技术及整体技术效果明显好于对照组。     

世界优秀女子100 m跑技术的生物力学分析

本文运用运动生物力学的方法分析了世界优秀女子100 m 跑运动员的技术,以寻找影响女子100 m 跑成绩的主要因素。研究结果显示:最大速度与100 m 跑成绩高度负相关,是影响100 m 跑成绩的第1 因素,起跑后的加速跑的节奏对成绩也很重要,次最大速度的跑动距离也是影响女子100 m 跑成绩的影响因素之一。     

北京亚运会男子800m跑技术分析

为了揭示男子800m跑优秀运动员全程技术的一些规律与特点,该文使用16mm高速摄影机对十一届亚运会男子800m跑的决赛进行全程跟踪摄影和影片解析,得到决赛参赛者的全程分段时间、速度、步长、步频等项参数,与24届奥运会男子800m决赛组的相同参数作了比较,并从运动训练学与运动生物力学的角度出发,在群体和个体两个方面作了分析研究。     

现代100m跑技术中躯干稳固性研究

通过对现代100m跑动作技术分析,研究跑动中躯干、骨骼、肌肉的用力情况,进一步对四肢的灵活性与躯干的稳固性进行研究,揭示出躯干才是人体跑动的动力核心,短跑应该以脊柱为中心来带动肩带和髋关节的运动,同时应注意四肢各关节的灵活性等观点,为短跑的训练和理论的完善提供参考。     

现代男子100米跑速度节奏特征及发展趋势的研究

遵循现代短跑理论,运用文献资料、数据统计、对经分析和逻辑分析方法,对９０年代１４名世界优秀选手１００ｍ跑速度节奏进行了研究,表明：起距后加速跑、涂中跑和终点跑合理的时间分配应分别为成绩的３７．６２％、４４．２５％、１８．１３％;“多峰型”速度节奏的技术值得商榷,现代男子１００ｍ跑速度节奏表现为“堤坝型”特征;缩短涂中跑加速距离,提高途中跑最大速度,增加作中跑最大速度的跑进距离,减少终点跑速度降低,     

百米途中跑腾空技术的生物力学分析

许多研究表明，现代短跑途中跑技术更强调的是“快速伸髋”和“积极着地”技术。现运用生物力学原理，对短跑途中跑腾空阶段前后摆动腿的后伸、后摆、前摆、下压着地技术及腾空过程中的仲髋技术对跑速的影响进行了分析。     

Effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, perceived exertion and running economy in female novice runners

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and running economy. Twenty-two female novice runners were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The experimental subjects received verbal and visual feedback concerning their running technique prior to and during each training run. Training involved 15 20-min treadmill running sessions over a 5-week period. The control group adhered to the same training routine but did not receive feedback concerning their running technique. High-speed (100 Hz) photography was used to collect biomechanical data. A submaximal oxygen consumption test and Borg's RPE scale were used to collect data concerning running economy and perceived exertion, respectively. Statistical analysis using ANCOVA revealed that the proposed feedback system had a significant (P less than 0.01) effect on the experimental group's running technique by affecting the following desired changes relative to the control group: greater relative stride lengths, shorter support time, greater ankle dorsiflexion during support and greater knee flexion during support and non-support. There were no significant differences between the groups in submaximal VO2 or RPE. The results of this study suggest that verbal and visual feedback are effective means of eliciting modifications in running style in female novice runners. The link between modifications in running style and improvements in running economy and perceived exertion remains unclear.     

少年运动员跨栏跑的专项速度及其训练

跨栏跑是一项复杂的技术项目,要提高跨栏专项速度,就必须解决好栏上的技术动作和栏间平跑速度的问题。在过栏技术方面,应以提高起跨腿蹬地速度、摆动腿动作速度、起跨腿提栏速度和下栏后转为栏间跑速度为主;在平跑速度方面,应以提高栏间步频为主。同时指出平跑速度、过栏速度的重要性,并对两者提出科学的训练方案。     

Similarities and differences in anthropometry and training between recreational male 100-km ultra-marathoners and marathoners

Abstract Several recent investigations showed that the best marathon time of an individual athlete is also a strong predictor variable for the race time in a 100-km ultra-marathon. We investigated similarities and differences in anthropometry and training characteristics between 166 100-km ultra-marathoners and 126 marathoners in recreational male athletes. The association of anthropometric variables and training characteristics with race time was assessed by using bi- and multi-variate analysis. Regarding anthropometry, the marathoners had a significantly lower calf circumference (P?相似文献   

Athlete and coach perceptions of technology needs for evaluating running performance

Athletes and their support team utilise technology to measure and evaluate technique and athletic performance. Existing techniques for motion and propulsion measurement and analysis include a combination of indirect methods (high-speed video) and direct methods (force plates and pressure systems). These methods are predominantly limited to controlled laboratory environments (in a small area relative to the competition environment), require expert advice and support, and can take significant time to evaluate the data. Consequently, the more advanced measurement techniques are considered to be restricted to specific coaching sessions, or periods in the year leading up to competition, when the time and expertise of further support staff are available. The more widely used, and simple, devices for monitoring ‘performance’ during running include stopwatches, GPS tracking and accelerometer-based systems to count strides. These provide useful information on running duration, distance and velocity but lack detailed information on many key aspects of running technique. In order to begin the process of development of more innovative technologies for routine use by athletes and coaches, a study was required to improve the understanding of athletes’ and coaches’ perception of their requirements from measurement technology. This study outlines a systematic approach to elicit and evaluate their perceptions, and presents the findings from interviews and a questionnaire. The qualitative data are presented as a hierarchical graphical plot (structured relationship model) showing six general dimensions (technique, footwear and surface, environment, performance, injury and cardiovascular) and shows the development of these general dimensions from the interviewee quotations. The questionnaire quantitative data enhances the study by further ranking characteristics that arise from the interviews. A contrast is shown between short and longer distance runner groups, as might be expected. The current technology available to elite runners is briefly reviewed in relation to the 22 characteristics identified as important to measure. The conclusions highlight the need for newer technologies to measure aspects of running style and performance in a portable and integrated manner, with suggestions as to size and weight likely to be acceptable to users for emerging devices.     

Effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique,perceived exertion and running economy in female novice runners

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a verbal and visual feedback system on running technique, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and running economy. Twenty‐two female novice runners were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. The experimental subjects received verbal and visual feedback concerning their running technique prior to and during each training run. Training involved 15 20‐min treadmill running sessions over a 5‐week period. The control group adhered to the same training routine but did not receive feedback concerning their running technique. High‐speed (100 Hz) photography was used to collect biomechanical data. A submaximal oxygen consumption test and Borg's RPE scale were used to collect data concerning running economy and perceived exertion, respectively. Statistical analysis using ANCOVA revealed that the proposed feedback system had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on the experimental group's running technique by affecting the following desired changes relative to the control group: greater relative stride lengths, shorter support time, greater ankle dorsiflexion during support and greater knee flexion during support and non‐support. There were no significant differences between the groups in submaximal VO₂ or RPE. The results of this study suggest that verbal and visual feedback are effective means of eliciting modifications in running style in female novice runners. The link between modifications in running style and improvements in running economy and perceived exertion remains unclear.     

劳义与博尔特百米技术时空特征分析

我国＂百米飞人＂劳义的成绩与世界冠军博尔特的成绩存在巨大的差距,对二者的技术动作进行分析比较,借此找出劳义技术上的特点与世界强手之间的差距,为我国的＂百米飞人＂劳义今后的训练提供一定的参考意见。本研究以信息技术为主要研究方法,对2010年亚运会冠军劳义和2009年柏林世锦赛冠军博尔特两人的100m技术的时间、空间特征进行对比分析,研究结果显示：劳义有较好的步长能力,与博尔特的百米技术差距主要在于他的步频能力、起跑加速能力及途中跑技术,在今后的训练中应保证步长能力不减的情况下努力提高步频能力和改善起跑、加速跑及途中跑阶段技术的合理性,完善整个百米技术突出自己的特色,那么劳义的百米成绩还有较大的提高空间。     

应用现代教育技术构建新型体育教学模式的研究

随着现代科学技术的飞速发展,现代教育技术以其独有的优势,逐步深入到各学科领域,充分认识应用现代教育技术是现代科学技术和社会发展对教育的要求,是教育改革和发展的需要。体育教学作为学校教育的重要组成部分,应用现代化教育技术构建新型教学模式。