陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中自杀现象的美学阐释

陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中自杀现象与陀氏小说的美学性质——幻想中的生存美学密切相关。通过对自杀现象的描述,陀思妥耶夫斯基小说形成其美学特质：美因死而生。这种美的特质是超越生命本体的精神信仰的。陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中的美的意象及美的思想在自杀者自杀过程中所产生的幻想里诞生。其中主要的自杀人物在自杀过程中都围绕着爱与美的话题跟自己对话,并上升到对人类所处的美、爱等状态进行思辨。     

苦难的精神与心理——从《双重人格》管窥陀思妥耶夫斯基的心理分析手法

陀思妥耶夫斯基是用小说的形式探究人性的大师。通过对陀思妥耶夫斯基小说《双重人格》主人公戈利亚德金人格分裂的考察与分析,可以概括出陀思妥耶夫斯基对于当时俄罗斯社会以及俄罗斯人民心理的看法,并从中理出其创作风格的发展脉络以及思想信仰的成长轨迹。     

《师陀著作年表》勘误补遗及其他

师陀是二十世纪三、四十年代的著名作家,他在乡土文学、抒情小说和讽刺小说等方面都卓有成就.但迄今,国内对师陀作品既无深入研究,也没有很好地整理出版.著作年表是研究作家的重要依据.目前,仅有刘增杰先生编的《师陀研究资料》中收有《师陀著作年表》,但其中还有许多遗漏和错误.笔者根据对师陀作品的搜集、钩沉,从篇名、写作和发表时间、入集等几个方面对此年表勘误补漏,并加些简介和说明,希望对师陀研究和现代文学史料学科的建设有些用处.     

由直觉联系经验向理论联系实际发展— 在“复调”语文的探索中成长

“复调”这个词来自巴赫金的“复调理论”。巴赫金是苏联著名的哲学家、思想家、文论家。他在对陀斯妥耶夫斯基小说的研究中发现陀氏的小说中“有着众多的各自独立而互不相融合的声音和意识。每一种声音都具有充分的价值,它们组成了真正的复调”,巴赫金因此称陀斯妥耶夫斯基的小说为“复调小说”。他认为,在“复调小说”里不存在一个至高无上的统一的作者意识,小说不是按照这种统一意识展开情节、人物命运、形象性格的,而是展现具有相同价值的不同意识的世界。     

陀思妥耶夫斯基小说的社会哲理传统

陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品兼具社会心理小说和社会哲理小说特征。融社会、心理和哲学因素于一体,是陀思妥耶夫斯基创作的重要特点,也是他的艺术创新和对文学的重大贡献。 陀思妥耶夫斯基是心理分析大师,素以心理作家名重天下。一百多年来,围绕陀思妥耶夫斯基及其创作展开的论争持续不断,但对他那深刻而细腻的心理描写,批评界却有口皆碑,众口一词。卢那察尔斯基指出,在陀思妥耶夫斯基的小说里,“一切都是以人的心灵感受为基础的”。陀思妥耶夫斯基通过心理分析,通过人物的内心感受以及在其支配下所采取的往往是乖谬的行动来揭示社会的畸形现象,反映社会的现实。他说:“人们称我为心理学家,不,我是高度意义上的现实主义者,也就是说,我描绘人的内心的全部深度。”     

深刻的心理现实主义——论陀氏现实主义小说创作的独特视角

文章认为,陀思妥耶夫斯基的现实主义核心是“寻找人,“把握人的灵魂,人的精神世界,笔者在此称之为心理现实主义。文章首先从“失美“与“求美“这两个方面来分析陀氏的心理现实主义小说对社会的巨大而深刻的批判力度,而后,在与现代派,与传统现实主义的比较中凸现陀氏“心理““现实主义“小说的特色与重要意义。     

人性的堕落与救赎：——谈陀思妥耶夫斯基《罪与罚》的主题

（一）描绘社会底层人物的心理 陀思妥耶夫斯基（1821—1881）是伟大的俄国小说家．其沉郁而难以理解的文学风格。对二十世纪的世界文坛产生了深远的影响。一般认为,撑起俄国文学的两大主要支柱。即托尔斯泰与陀思妥也夫斯基,而陀氏于1866年出版的长篇小说《罪与罚》,则与托尔斯泰小说《战争与和平》并列为最具影响力的俄国小说。     

师陀小说研究述评

作为文坛的多面手,师陀曾创作出多种体裁的文学作品,但其创作数量最多的体裁是小说。而作为现代文学发展的重镇,师陀的研究经历了由被发现、到被搁浅、到再度被热评的80年。本文拟以师陀小说为切入点,力图梳理、探究师陀研究80年的浮沉历程,并试图归纳每一阶段的研究特点。     

复调小说的乌托邦想象与审美救赎

巴赫金从陀思妥耶夫斯基的创作中天才地发现了其复调理论的范本。从陀思妥耶夫斯基小说形式创新出发,巴赫金论证了陀思妥耶夫斯基正是出于对社会现状的理解与感受,试图以艺术形式(审美)建立全新的主体,以摆脱人在资本主义社会的物化状态。具有独立意识的差异主体之间的对话是全新生活世界的本质所在,这也正是巴赫金的复调小说理论的本真所在。     

试论陀氏作品中人物杀人的逻辑

"杀人"是陀思妥耶夫斯基小说的重要事件,且具有陀氏的独特风格,但历来对这一问题缺乏整体关注。陀氏小说中的杀人包括杀人和自杀,它指向毁灭生命的行为。人物的杀人不同于以往单向度的动机,其杀人行为有着内在辩证的推理逻辑。是理性在对上帝的质疑与挑战下为了人的价值,与信仰的矛盾斗争,这种斗争主要表现为道德与个人意志两方面。有其独特意义。     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.