基于云计算的生物DNA指纹图谱大范围比对方法

针对DNA特征比对过程中,产生的生物DNA特征图谱特征较为复杂,生物特征极为琐碎,海量生物DNA特征的对比,依然是一项十分复杂的工作。传统算法多是基于单个DAN特征进行车轮式对比。一旦生物特征过于繁琐,造成比对匹配耗时,效率较低。本文提出了一种基于云计算的生物DNA特征海量数据对比技术。建立云计算网络模型,计算生物DNA泳道特征系数,将DNA限制性片断形成的谱带从背景中分离出来,完成海量DNA数据对比。实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于DNA图谱数量过大造成的匹配耗时缺点,提高了生物DNA指纹图谱大范围比对的效率。     

图像加密隐藏信息识别技术研究

研究加密图像隐藏信息准确识别技术.在图像中,如果加密信息隐藏在图片的噪声中,噪声信号和隐藏信息敏感信号混合在一起,将造成隐藏信息的敏感信号图谱特征发生形变.传统算法多是通过采集图像中的敏感信息图谱特征完成检测的,噪声信号和隐藏信息混合在一起,造成隐藏信息图谱可识别特征发生突变,导致识别准确率下降.提出一种逆向隐藏变换算法的图像隐藏信息识别技术,对图像进行置乱处理,运用干扰清除技术完成识别.实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于噪声信号和隐藏信号混合造成的隐藏信息特征发生形变的缺陷,保证了图像隐藏信息识别的准确率.     

让罪恶无处遁形的生命密码

耳纹耳纹是指我们每个人耳朵上的图纹.美国人伊厄纳莱发明了一种可以用简便方法获得耳纹的专用照相机.用它获得嫌疑犯的耳纹,不仅比获得指纹容易,而且和指纹破案术一样可靠.耳朵和指纹一样具有"万人不同,终生不变"的特性,是非常可靠的人体身份证.虽然每个人耳朵的外耳特征是终生不变的,但世界上没有相同的耳朵,即使同一个人的左右两只耳朵,也不是完全一样的.     

基于改进神经网络的图像生物特征识别方法

在图像的固定生物特征识别过程中,传统的识别方法针对像素质量不高的问题,很难建立完整的寻优计算过程,识别效果不好。提出基于改进神经网络算法的图像特征识别方法。通过量子计算对神经网络进行优化,优化神经网络在特征识别中的阀值确定过程,完成图像识别。实验结果表明,利用改进的算法进行图像特征识别,能够极大的提高生物特征识别的准确性,扩展了应用的范围。     

痕量多组分可燃气体爆炸风险的图谱特征变化趋势识别

当可燃气体浓度含量达到一定程度时,遇到火源就会引起爆炸造成经济损失。通过对可燃气体爆炸风险的特征变化能预测在浓度达到极值前,进行危险判断。提出基于对痕量多组分可燃气体浓度变化图谱特征提取改进算法,对可燃气体浓度图谱特征进行处理,获得归一化后的图谱灰度图像信息;利用局部而知模式提取Gabor图谱纹理特征;最后通过迭代计算采集后的特征。利用卷积运算对不同气体的特征进行分类,利用分类后的结果实现痕量多组分可燃气体浓度的图谱识别。实验证明运用气体图谱特征改进算法对可燃气体浓度特征提取后,通过卷积运算对痕量多组分气体浓度特征识别,能预测出可燃气爆炸的风险趋势变化。     

基于正面人脸的耳朵定位技术研究

现目前在人耳识别技术中,对人耳的定位主要是采用基于人眼和其他面部特征的位置信息向人脸两边进行检测,通过边缘信息跟踪进行定位.该方法在算法上存在计算量大,对人眼等面部特征的提取精确度要求较高等的问题.研究了一种通过对人头发鬓角进行提取,然后经鬓角端点来进行人耳定位的方法.实验结果表明,该方法能够较准确地定位人耳,且运算量较小,无需依赖人脸其他面部特征位置信息的特点,对人脸及人耳识别技术的研究有一定参考作用.     

基于人耳的个体识别系统研究

本文基于matlab平台实现了一个简单的人耳识别系统的界面开发。该系统以北京科技大学USTB人耳库(3)图像为样本,用不同识别算法提取训练样本特征,最后用不同匹配算法分类识别得出结果,实现了对不同识别算法识别效率的比较和个体匹配功能。该系统对特征提取的速度较快,识别结果较为准确,对实际应用有一定的参考价值。     

生物DNA图像中的破损图谱区域分割

对生物DNA图像中的破损图谱进行区域分割,为实现图谱的修复奠定基础,进而提高生物DNA图谱的分析和诊断能力。传统方法对生物DNA图像中的破损图谱采用小波尺度分解的分割方法,对统计特征丰富的生物DNA图像区域分割的特征表达和修复能力不好。提出一种基于子区域块匹配的生物DNA图像中的破损图谱区域分割算法。进行了生物DNA图像破损图谱区域特征和边缘轮廓特征提取,基于连续子空间降噪方法对DNA图像的破损图谱的进行降噪处理,采用子区域模板块匹配方法进行生物DNA图像破损图谱区域特征的变尺度多区域分割,实现分割算法的改进。实验表明,采用该方法进行生物DNA图像破损图谱区域分割,对基因信息的特征提取和降噪性能较好,避免的过分割和欠分割,误分率较低,有效提高了生物基因图谱的特征表达和分析能力。     

充气式耳机

内耳式耳机在嘈杂的环境中依然可以获得清晰的听觉效果,因此受到不少人的喜爱,但长时间使用这种耳机却容易对耳朵造成伤害。对于外界产生的过大声音,耳朵本身带有防御机制,但是佩戴耳机使得耳道中形成了封闭密室,在声音过大时加重了耳朵防御系统的工作量,从而使耳朵     

多生物特征融合的矿井人员身份识别

针对传统的单一人脸识别身份的方法在遇到光线不明、粉尘附着、部分遮挡情况下,识别效果不佳.本文提出了多种生物特征相融合的识别方法.该方法首先提取井下人员的人脸、虹膜、指纹的特征,对特征进行融合并产生新的特征向量,通过监督式学习训练,形成新的图像特征模板库.最后,用获取的人员新特征与模板库的特征进行匹配,从而完成身份识别.在图像处理过程中,使用了霍特林变换,快速滤除大部分无用特征信息,通过决策树支持向量机分类器(decision trees support vector machine,DT-SVM)精准实现身份识别.实验仿真结果表明:这种方法减少了算法的计算复杂度,提高了身份识别的准确性,增强了对工作人员的安全监控.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Information Environment and Universal Service

This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.