2023年度肿瘤学科基金项目申请和评审工作综述

2023年国家自然科学基金的各项评审工作已经结束,本文梳理了2023年度医学科学部七处(以下简称“医学七处”)基金项目受理和评审情况,有助于肿瘤学科领域科研工作者对医学七处资助领域的总体情况有所了解,并为2024年度拟在医学七处申报项目的申请人提供参考。     

内江市科学技术和知识产权局召开党组(扩大)会迅速传达学习贯彻市委七届七次全会精神

正本刊讯近日,市科学技术和知识产权局召开党组(扩大)会,迅速传达学习贯彻市委七届七次全会精神。局党组成员,科室负责同志及下属事业单位负责同志参加会议。会上,局党组书记、局长王仕平传达了市委七届七次全会上市委马波书记讲话精神和《中共内江市委关于深入学习贯彻习近平总书记对四川工作系列重要指示精神奋力谱写新时代治蜀兴川内江实践新篇章的决定》和《中共内江市委关于全面推     

过七桥与拓扑学

18世纪,俄国的哥尼斯堡有一条小河叫勒格尔河,河有两条支流,一条叫新河,一条叫旧河,它们在市中心汇合,在合流的地方中间有一座小岛,在小岛和两条支流上建有七座桥。哥尼斯堡的居民有个传统习惯,星期天沿着城市的河岸和小岛散步,同时试图找一条路线,可经过所有七桥但又不重复经过任意一座桥。这就成了著名的“七桥问题”。当时,正在哥尼斯堡的瑞士著名数学家欧拉对“七桥问题”产生了兴趣。数学家考虑问题往往是化繁为简,欧拉首先把被河流隔开的小岛和三块陆地看成四个点,把每座桥看成一条线。这样一来,七桥问题就抽象为四个点和七条线组成的…     

基于MATLAB的WGS84坐标向北京54坐标转换

GPS坐标是以WGS84大地坐标系为基础建立的．而在我国使用最多是1954北京坐标系因此,在工程测量中常常需要将GPS接收机获得的WGS84坐标转换成北京54坐标本文基于坐标转换的七参数模型和三参数模型,利用MATLAB和最小二乘法求解出了WGS84坐标向北京54坐标转换的七参数和三参数．并对七参数和三参数的坐标转换进行了精度验证和比较,认为七参数能很好的满足工程测量的需要     

论七夕节产生和流行的动因

本文立足文化人类学的视角,尝试性地对七夕节产生和流行的动因进行了系统的分析和梳理。本文认为,七夕节的产生和流行的动因,一方面源于对日、月、星辰的崇拜,一方面源于对女性神的崇拜;另一方面,织女神性的兼容并包,对七夕节的接受与传播起到一定的促进。     

七号信令系统在传统PSTN交换机维护中的应用

通过七号信令系统的监测,可以及时的发现交换网中存在的问题和隐患,同时也可以利用七号信令监测的结果合理的整合网络的资源和结构。     

ZXT2000信令监测系统及应用

电信网中信息交换和信息处理自动化程度的提高,对网络设备负荷的管理和监控的自动化程度也提出了相应的要求,另外,电信业务不断向着智能化发展,网内信令方式和信令传递趋向复杂,除传统的ISUP信令外,MAP、INAP协议也普遍应用于电信交换网络。由于黑龙江联通省内七号信令二期工程的资源与新信令解析无法满足现网的要求,2011年11月开始省内启用中兴的七号信令监测系统,该系统在日常的监控和处理中发挥了一定的作用,本论文主要针对目前省内联通使用的中兴七号信令监测系统,阐述七号信令监测技术的主要原理,系统组成,通过实例说明七号信令监测技术在日常维护中的应用。     

《中国现代科学家(七)》纪念邮票首发式举行

正5月8日,《中国现代科学家(七)》纪念邮票首发式在中国科技会堂举行。《中国现代科学家(七)》纪念邮票一套4枚,入选的四位科学家分别是:地质学家丁文江、农学家金善宝、物理学家叶企孙、气象学家叶笃正。中国科协党组成员、书记处书记王春法和中国邮政集团公司副总经理李丕征共同为《中国现代科学家(七)》纪念邮票首发揭幕。王春法表示,召开《中国现代科学家(七)》邮票首发式,通过邮票这个国家名片的展示     

关于“四边形”教学过程的设计及思考

一、创设情境情境1:哥尼斯堡七桥问题。课前学生通过上网、查阅资料等方式了解了哥尼斯堡七桥问题。教师则点明为什么欧拉能够解决七桥问题:关键是欧拉没有在原来的情境当中研究该问题,而是把七桥问题中的四块陆地抽象成四个点,七座桥抽象成七条线,从而使七桥问题转化成一个一笔画问题,这个一笔画问题解决了,哥尼斯堡七桥问题也就解决了。转化思想在问题的解决中起了至关重要的作用,这也是探究中点四边形性质的一个重要思想方法。情境2:四边形的中点四边形问题。教师提出任务:让学生利用图形计算器画一个任意四边形,依次连接各边中点,所得到…     

圣瓦伦丁节和七夕节节日文化之比较

西方的情人节和中国的七夕节都关乎爱情,拿两者进行跨文化对比发现,这两个节日无论是从起源、体现的价值观和情感心理或是精神蕴含等方面都有很大的差异。本文认为只有在保留和挖掘传统七夕节的文化内涵的基础上融入与时俱进的时代元素,赋予传统文化新的内涵,才能实现七夕传统节日在现代社会新的生命活力。     

均衡营养调和油及其制备方法

每一个单一油品虽然各具特点,但都不能达到均衡营养。该方法制取的调和油既突出各类不饱和脂肪酸比例组成的合理性,即油酸：亚油酸：亚麻酸=5：4：1,又突出产品的营养功能,即其中含有较高的维生素E。该比例组成满足了中国营养学会推荐的单不饱和脂肪酸与多不饱和脂肪酸比例相等的要求,又满足了ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸：ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸=4：1的要求。因此是最理想的调和油。     

Characterisation of the canine cardiac sarcolemma in experimental myocardial ischemia

The cardiac sarcolemma was characterized in 13 normal and 11 ischemic dog hearts by enzyme analysis and compositional assays. Significant decreases in the activities of the sodium-potassium and calcium pumps and structural compositional disturbances were observed in ischemia. High concentrations of oleic acid, a fatty acid and palmitoyl carnitine, a fatty acid intermediate caused inhibition of the enzyme pump activities of the normal sarcolemma. Thus, ischemia results in the functional impairment of the sarcolemma. Accumulation of fatty acid and fatty acid intermediates, occurring in myocardial ischemia, could be an underlying mechanism.     

Altered maternal thyroid function: Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on fetal and neonatal myocardial free fatty acid oxidation,in vitro

Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on myocardial free fatty acid oxidation,in vitro, in offsprings born of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid mothers was studied in rats. L-carnitine supplementation stimulated myocardial fatty acid oxidation during gestational period in offspring born of control and hyperthyroid mothers. In contrast L-carnitine supplementation induced stimulation in myocardial fatty acid oxidation was very less in fetuses born of hypothyroid mothers. However, in neonates born of hypothyroid mothers L-carnitine stimulated myocardial fatty acid oxidation to a great extent. The results suggested that during maternal hypothyroidism low availability of thyroid hormones to fetuses through maternal circulation and availability of less carnitine to neonates due to hypolactation might be responsible for decreased myocardial free fatty acid utilization. In neonates born of hypothyroid mothers and with cardiac energy insufficiency parenteral carnitine supplementation might be of great help to prevent mortality and morbidity of such offsprings.     

天仙子籽油中脂肪酸组成的研究

采用气相色谱法对天仙子籽油中脂肪酸的组成及相对含量进行了研究。鉴定了油酸、亚油酸等十种脂肪酸、其中油酸含量为１６．３２％,亚油酸含量高达７４．８１％。     

中国松科植物种子油中脂肪酸成分与分布

This paper deals with the constituents of fatty acids from the seed oils of Pinaceae in China, including 30 species belonging to 8 genera.  Discovered are three characteristic fatty acids, i.e. Cis-5,9-octadecadienoic acid, Cis-5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid and Cis-5, 11, 14-eicosatrienoic acid. Based on the data obtained, the distribution of the three characteristic fatty acids in Pinaceae of China is also discussed.     

Genes of renin angiotensin system and coronary heart disease

The levels of cytotoxic aldehydic products in different culinary oils, with or without thermal stress, (routine domestic or commercial frying) were determined by thiobarbituric acid method. The results showed that (i) thiobarbituric acid reactivity was much higher in edible oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids than those rich in saturated fatty acids or monounsaturated fatty acids, even without thermal stress, (ii) the lipid peroxide levels were in proportion to the duration of thermal stress, (iii) nature of the container used (steel, iron or teflon-coated) had no significant effect on the extent of lipid peroxidation under identical conditions of thermal stress and (iv) thermally stressed oils collected from hotels and roadside caterers contained higher levels of cytotoxic aldehydic products, when compared to oils thermally stressed under domestic frying conditions. These results suggest that dietary ingestion of thermally or autoxidatively stressed polyunsaturated fatty acid rich culinary oils is more harmful compared with those similarly treated oils rich in saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids.     

Caprine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum: Effect of simulated ischemia on membrane structure and Ca<Superscript>2+</Superscript>-ATPase activity

The sarcoplasmic reticulum was isolated and characterized in the pure form from normal caprine (Capra hircus) hearts. Under ischemic condition, fatty acids like palmitic acid, palmitoyl carnitine and oleic acid accumulatein vivo. These are known to have a detrimental effect on membrane components. The effects of simulated ischemia on the Ca²⁺-ATPase were studied using these fatty acidsin vitro at concentrations at which they occurin vivo in the ischemic heart. All three fatty acids inhibited Ca²⁺-ATPase activity. At lower concentrations, palmitoyl carnitine was the most potent, followed by oleic acid while palmitic acid displayed the least potency. Electron microscopy studies with fatty acids showed morphological disruptions in SR vesicles. The decline in Ca²⁺-ATPase activity could be attributed to the change in membrane morphology.     

利用脂肪酸组成分析鉴定海洋细菌的初步研究

报道了利用脂肪酸组成分析鉴定海洋细菌的初步研究结果。以16S rRNA鉴定的9株具生物活性的海洋细菌为研究对象,标准条件培养后测定其脂肪酸组成和含量,同时参照Ivanova和Venkateswaran等研究的5株Pseudoalteromonas属海洋细菌的脂肪酸测定结果(培养条件与本实验一致),通过SPSS软件对这些细菌进行脂肪酸聚类分析,并与它们的16S rRNA序列聚类分析(运用ClustalX软件)进行比较。结果表明脂肪酸组成可以作为海洋细菌鉴定到属的依据之一,但仅依靠脂肪酸将海洋细菌不能鉴定到种。     

Effect of low-dose omega-3 fatty acids substitution on blood pressure, hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia in Indians with essential hypertension: A pilot study

The present study comprised 100 patients of essential hypertension who were screened for fasting hyperinsulinemia, which was detected in 77% cases. Twenty such hyperinsulinemic cases were subjected to 4 weeks of dietary control phase followed by 6 weeks of omega-3 fatty acids substitution [either 0.6 g/d (group 1) or 1.2 g/d (group 2)]. The mean basal fasting plasma insulin levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients of hypertension when compared to normal controls (126.51±80.36 and 19.35±12.61 μU/ml respectively). At the end of 4 weeks of diet control only, no significant change was observed in any parameter. After substitution of omega-3 fatty acid, a significant reduction of fasting plasma insulin levels in both group 1 (29%) and group 2 (22.8%) was observed (p<0.001). Significant reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (16.4% and 25% respectively), serum cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein was also noted in both groups (p<0.001), while high density lipoprotein increased by ∼8 mg% in both groups. Thus omega-3 fatty acid substituion in low dose along-with curtailment of dietary omega-6 fatty acid may be used as an adjunctive measure in the management of essential hypertension.     

长期施肥对农田黑土微生物群落的影响

研究不同磷肥处理农田黑土基本理化性质、磷脂脂肪酸、酸（碱）性磷酸酶、微生物量碳或氮等变化规律。结果表明,有机肥-化肥配施明显提高土壤有机质、总氮以及速效氮、磷、钾等养分含量,进而促进微生物量碳、微生物量碳/有机质比值、磷酸酶活力以及各菌群磷脂脂肪酸含量显著增加。长期氮磷钾配施土壤有机质活性严重退化、不利于土壤微生物生长,而单施磷肥或氮磷肥配施对微生物活力与结构影响较小。有机肥处理中单烯不饱和/饱和脂肪酸比值>1,远高于其他化肥处理,可用来指示有机质质量与可用性;而支链/单烯不饱和脂肪酸与单烯不饱和/饱和脂肪酸比值呈极显著负相关,表明G+菌对养分胁迫抗性强于G-菌。磷脂脂肪酸PCA表明,有机肥与化肥处理微生物群落结构显著不同。个别脂肪酸载荷值分析表明,真菌受无机肥施用影响显著;而G+菌更易受有机肥影响。