Academic standards and regulatory frameworks: necessary compromises?

Assessment regulations in higher education, which are important for assuring threshold academic standards, reflect institutional cultures and histories, and are shaped by pragmatic concerns about quality indicators such as retention and progression rates, as well as principles of equity. This paper articulates some of the tensions that confront higher education institutions in the development and revision of regulatory frameworks, and describes a survey of assessment regulations from a sample of UK higher education institutions for the first year of undergraduate study. The survey identifies key variations in regulatory policy and practice that challenge assumptions about comparability of academic standards between higher education institutions. These findings imply that student success and progression may not be a simple reflection of academic attainment, and raise questions about notions of equity. It is intended that this research will contribute to informed discussion in the sector about academic standards and the regulatory frameworks underpinning first-year assessment policy and practice, and thus potentially lead to more transparent and consistent practice.     

关于实施“大学生素质拓展计划”的几点思考

当前,“大学生素质拓展计划”已成为高校共青团工作的重点。文章结合“大学生素质拓展计划”的实施情况分析其特征和存在的问题,探讨加强“大学生素质拓展计划”实施力度的措施并使该计划在实施过程中逐渐完善和发展。     

Another look at college student’s ratings of course quality: data from Penn State student surveys in three settings

This study assessed the relationships of student attributes, course characteristics and course outcomes to college students’ ratings of course quality in three types of settings. The analysis utilised data from online surveys of samples of college students conducted in 2011 and 2012 at the Pennsylvania State University. Included in the analysis were: (1) 1805 students at the main campus; (2) 1453 students at 19 smaller satellite campus locations of the university scattered across the state; and (3) 522 students participating in online degree programmes through Penn State’s World Campus. Students were asked to rate the quality of instruction they received in a randomly selected course in which they had been enrolled during the previous semester, and to respond to a number of questions about the course, the instructor’s behaviour and themselves. The relationships of these factors to how students rated the course were assessed for subjects in the three study settings. In all three settings, student and course characteristics, course difficulty and amount of required work had little effect on course ratings. Grade received was modestly related to course rating. However, instructor’s use of selected recommended pedagogical practices and students’ perceptions of how much they felt they learned were by far the strongest correlates of students’ course evaluations. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

课程标准的实施:我们需要检测些什么

课程标准是驱动教育变革的重要力量,它的实施过程需要多方面的检测:检测教学与标准的一致性程度;检测课程标准中关键革新点的实施程度;检测教师接受课程标准的程度。这些多角度的数据将为分析并促进我国课程标准的深入实施提供支撑。     

高校教师课堂教学评价体系设计

课堂教学质量评价是教学质量监控的一项重要内容,也是反映课堂教学质量的主要措施和检测教学质量的较好方法。对教师课堂教学质量进行评价,可以从教学内容、教学方法、教学态度和教学效果四个方面进行。在构建评价指标时,首先应根据教学内容、教学态度、教学方法、教学效果对教学质量的影响程度及评价主体对其的评价能力,分别赋予各评价内容不同的权重;然后针对每个二级评价指标中各三级指标对二级评价指标的影响程度,分别赋予不同的权重;最后根据各评价主体的评价能力,对其评价结果分别赋予一定的权重,这样就可以得出对教师任教课程的最终评价结果。     

从语用学角度分析影视作品中的人物个性

本文从语用学的角度,运用隐喻法、反语法、夸张法、弱言法以及一致准则的恪守与违反的方法分析影片《诺丁山》中的主要人物个性特征,揭示了语用策略的运用在对话交际中的重要性。     

精品课程教学质量评估体系探讨

文章对所建立的精品课程教学质量评估体系进行实验性评估,通过对3门精品课程的评价,以检验评估指标的合理性。结果：所建立的专家权重模糊综合评估模式具有综合评价的效果,所选用的M（×＋）合成算子所计算的结果可信。该评估体系不仅能反映出精品课程教学质量的总体,也能反映出精品课程中各个组成因素的优劣,在一定程度上可克服其主观因素对评价结果的影响,显示出所建立的评估体系有较高的可信度、较好的区别性和可比性。     

PISA对大规模教育质量的评价解读

大规模教育质量的评价在很大程度上影响着国家和地区教育发展的走向。本文以PISA2006结果报告为中心,解析PISA对大规模教育质量和相关影响因素评价的理念和方法,为研究和开展我国大规模教育质量评价提供借鉴。     

过程本位:教师教育质量监测的路径选择

本文在提出和探讨"过程本位"教师教育质量监测模式的内涵与特征基础上,从传统教师教育质量监测制度的局限性、新时代教师教育改革的必然要求和信息技术的发展支撑等方面分析了转向"过程本位"教师教育质量监测的必要性,从树立科学的教师教育质量监测理念、重视教师教育过程中不断变化的"人"的因素、不断优化教师教育质量监测路径、根据监测结果不断完善教师教育质量监测制度等四个方面提出"过程本位"的教师教育质量监测实施路径。     

大学生参与度评价:高教质量评估的新视角——美国“全国学生参与度调查”的解析

美国全国学生参与度调查(NSSE)是一项在全国范围内调查四年制本科学生对有效学习活动投入程度的年度研究.该调查通过对学生投入到有效学习活动中的时间与精力以及高校在多大程度上促进学生更好地参与这两大因素的分析来评价学生的学习效度和高等院校的质量.NSSE调查注重学生真实的学习经验,关注高校的教学能力,是一项真正基于学生学习和高校教学的院校评价方式.     

高师本科教学质量标准和质量监控体系的研究与实践——以黔南民族师范学院为例

教学主要环节的明确,制定科学合理的教学质量标准,是建立和实施有效质量监控的前提。教学质量监控体系主要由组织指挥系统、信息收集系统、评价分析系统、信息反馈系统构成,形成了以教研室为基础,各系为实施主体,院级为主导的院、系、教研室三级网络化教学质量监控体系,构建了多元化、多层次的教学质量监控主体体系。     

大学生学习性投入调查的理论基础及研究进展

中国大学生学习性投入调查的理论基础有6大经典理论、学生发展理论、建构主义理论、全面质量管理理论等。自美国\"全国大学生学习性投入调查\"被汉化后,我国出现了关于大学生学习性投入调查的系列研究成果。这些成果大体上可分为两类:一是关于NSSE工具自身及启示的研究;二是关于NSSE-China的应用研究。     

Middle managers’ experience of policy implementation and mediation in the context of the Scottish quality enhancement framework

This paper analyses how middle managers perform and experience their role in enacting policy in Scottish higher education institutions. The policy focus is the quality enhancement framework (QEF) for learning and teaching in higher education, which was launched in 2003. The data-set was collected between 2008 and 2010, during the evaluation of the QEF by means of focus groups with middle managers at nine Scottish institutions. The metaphor of a policy implementation staircase helps to situate middle managers’ position in enactment, and analyse their experience of the role. Despite the values of collegiality and ownership upheld by the QEF, middle managers’ accounts of their practices reveal that their position at the interface between university management and core academic activities continues to be a delicate one, marked by contradictory allegiances to institutional strategies and the concerns of academic colleagues. While emphasising middle managers’ pivotal role in the implementation of the QEF policy, the data paradoxically suggest that the systemic positioning of middle managers is more influential in shaping their role of mediation than the values of collegiality and ownership promoted by this enhancement approach to quality specific to Scotland.     

学生综合素质评价改革三点论

实施学生综合素质评价,是第八次课程改革推进过程中的“新生事物”。如何使之名实相符、理想与现实相结合。各方争议较大。各级课程领导者既需要“志存高远”和“为学生发展服务”的勇气,引导学生整理、反思自己的成长过程,同时又要建构一整套诚信承诺机制．努力规避由此而引发的种种问题,促使学生健康成长。