奢华酒店业服务创新成功决定因素研究:基于巴黎雅典娜广场酒店案例

坐落于巴黎的雅典娜广场酒店以其服务不断创新一直受到国际服务业同行和消费者高度肯定.本文以服务创新理论为框架,通过案例研究,对酒店高层管理人员、普通工作人员、供应商和客人进行一系列深入访谈,揭示了奢华酒店服务创新成功的5个决定因素:植根在服务业企业文化中的创新战略、具有超强执行力和魅力的高级管理团队、合理支持体系和组织结构、直接和开放的沟通渠道以及积极配合的员工“大家庭”.其中,积极配合的员工“大家庭”在奢华酒店服务创新中起到关键作用,是传统服务创新理论中没有涉及的新要素,是本研究的理论贡献和创新之处.     

当代服务业创新特征初探:基于四大创新调查的综述

服务业创新理论研究一直滞后于制造业,主要原因是缺乏实证调查研究和统计数据支撑.译介了国外四种大型服务创新调查结果,并以此为基础,综述了当今发达国家服务业创新的十大特征与发展趋势.     

创新服务与服务创新

要创新发展服务业．特别是发展现代服务业,同时也要加强对创新的服务,搞好我们创新的服务业,这两个相辅相成,既要有服务业的创新．又要创新的服务．没有服务业的创新发展．也就很难做好创新的服务。     

香港服务业发展的路向分析——基于服务创新进路的考察

作为服务业主导的小型开放式经济体,香港如何提升服务业的国际竞争力成为政策制定者关注的焦点问题.本文基于服务创新研究进路的视角,在对香港服务业发展进行SWOT分析的基础上,并以香港金融业为案例,重点剖析了香港服务业发展的可能性路向.     

服务业绿色创业导向对绿色服务创新和经营绩效的影响研究

尽管西方学术界提出了绿色创业概念,但鲜有学者对绿色创业与组织经营绩效之间的关系进行实证研究,更没有探讨绿色创业对组织经营绩效的作用机理.本研究在相关研究基础上,以服务业为研究对象,将绿色服务创新作为中介变量,并将绿色服务创新划分为利用式绿色服务创新和探索式绿色服务创新,构建了绿色创业导向对组织经营绩效影响的概念模型,并以中东部212家服务企业为样本进行了实证检验.研究发现:绿色创新性对两种绿色服务创新均有正向显著影响;绿色超前行动性和绿色冒险性仅对探索式绿色服务创新有正向显著影响,对利用式绿色服务创新的正向影响不显著;探索式绿色服务创新和利用式绿色服务创新均对经营绩效有正向显著影响,但前者对经营绩效的影响远远大于后者.该结论进一步丰富了绿色创业理论.     

基于博硕士学位论文的我国科技服务业研究文献计量分析

对我国科技服务业研究的相关文献进行梳理和总结有助于分析科技服务业研究现状,提炼和挖掘科技服务业研究的相关主题,为将来的研究提供借鉴与指导.以689篇科技服务业博硕士学位论文为文献资料,通过运用CiteSpace文献计量分析工具对我国科技服务业研究进行了回顾和梳理.研究显示,我国科技服务业博硕士学位论文数量逐步增长,经历了萌芽初现、起步发展、加速升温、热度回落的变迁过程;一些与农村农业科技服务密切相关的关键词成为高频词,是科技服务业博硕士论文关注的重要主题;"科技服务业"、"农业科技服务"、"科技创新"、"科技型中小企业"、"农村科技服务体系"、"信息服务"、"产业效率"、"创新体系"、"个性化需求"、"科技社团"分别是科技服务业博硕士学位论文的10类研究主题.未来,科技服务业研究应分别从研究主题、研究场域、研究方法三个方面进行调整和完善.     

高技术服务业的内涵特征及成因分析

服务创新已经成为创新研究的新热点。提出了高技术服务业的概念,对高技术服务业的特征进行阐述,并对高技术服务业的成因进行分析。     

企业服务创新类型探析

服务创新是企业增强自身竞争力的重要手段，是推动服务业发展的强大动力。制造业创新类型的研究为服务创新类型的研究奠定了基础。服务本身的特性使得创新活动在内容和性质上与制造业创新有较大差异，服务业因此具有自身独特的创新形式。本文对现有文献中有关服务创新类型的研究进行归纳和总结，读者可以从中了解服务业中创新类型的多样性，进一步理解服务创新的本质。     

加快我国服务业自主创新的公共政策选择

在大力发展服务经济、建设创新型国家的背景下,服务业创新被提升到一个新的战略高度.在服务业创新过程中,公共政策扮演着不可或缺的角色.为此,要加大对服务业创新的科技投入力度,推动服务领域创新平台建设;发挥财政资金的引领与导向作用,强化税收政策对创新的激励效应;不断创新服务业的投融资方式,完善服务业投融资支持体系;加强服务领域创新人才培养,保障创新人才的有效供给.     

模块化机理及其在服务业的应用

模块化是系统的分解和整合过程,近年来在服务业中得到了较为广泛的应用.本文在模块化定义的基础上对其基本定位、分类、优势与局限性进行了分析,并分别从系统、层级和生命周期三个角度进行剖析,结合服务产品的特点对模块化在服务业中的具体应用展开讨论,最后指出进一步研究的方向.     

Innovation in the service sector: The demand for service-specific innovation measurement concepts and typologies

There is evidence that the notion of innovation, well established in the manufacturing sector, cannot simply be transposed to the service sector. This article deals critically with existing measurement concepts derived from manufacturing, and introduces a new typology with a view to obtaining a better understanding of innovation in services. Selected results from the German innovation survey are analysed in order to support the conceptual findings and to identify potential improvements. Special attention is directed towards the inclusion of knowledge-intensive business services that are of particular importance for innovation processes.     

知识密集型服务创新分类研究

服务创新研究经历20年的发展,正在向系统化研究阶段过渡。服务创新分类作为服务创新范式建立的基础,是学界需要首先解决的问题。本文在回顾与梳理服务创新研究中出现过的主要创新分类方法基础上,结合对知识密集型服务企业创新实践的深入调研,提出了具体的知识密集型服务创新分类。     

Treading new ground in household sector innovation research: Scope,emergence, business implications,and diffusion

Individual consumers in the household sector increasingly develop products, services and processes, in their discretionary time without payment. Household sector innovation is becoming a pervasive phenomenon, representing a significant share of the innovation activity in any economy. Such innovation emerges from personal needs or self-rewards, and is distinct from and complementary to producer innovations motivated by commercial gains. In this introductory paper to the special issue on household sector innovation, we take stock of emerging research on the topic. We categorize the research into four areas: scope, emergence, implications for business, and diffusion. We develop a conceptual basis for the phenomenon, introduce the articles in the special issue, and show how each article contributes new insights. We end by offering a research agenda for scholars interested in the salient phenomenon of household sector innovation.     

Depoliticizing the European immigration debate: How to employ public sector innovation to integrate migrants

Immigration is a hotly debated and politicized policy area, one in which governments confront fierce opposition from populist parties and negative media narratives altering citizens’ perceptions of the issue. There is also growing scholarly interest in migration; new migrant integration research advocates for a conceptual shift away from focusing on migrant populations and towards rethinking host communities. At the same time, public sector innovation research is developing new approaches for how governments and public organizations can be innovative in dealing with grand challenges such as migration. The aim of this article is to merge these two subfields in order to answer a guiding research question: how can public organizations be innovative to promote integration for migrants? We suggest a typology of different innovation strategies that governments can adopt regarding integration, and we present five illustrative cases from European nations to examine how governments can innovate in order to integrate migrants. We find that governments can use multiple tools to promote integration and respond to grand challenges; governments can use various sources of innovation to address major barriers to migrant integration (e.g. language barriers, negative media and public opinion, and the difficulties of providing concrete assistance).     

Psychiatry interacts with contemporary Western views: the DSM‐III innovation and its adverse effects

Economic studies of innovation are relevant to the mental health sector, not just for innovations in more conventional industries, such as telecommunications. We present an economic examination of the impact of an innovation in the mental health sector. The innovation examined here was first adopted in 1980 with the publication of a new edition of the nosology (or classification) for the diagnosis of mental illnesses and disorders, which is known familiarly as the DSM‐III. In our analysis, we incorporate the impact of that innovation, and another major force relevant to psychiatric diagnosis during that time period, i.e. a trend in the West towards the medicalisation of normal sorrows. This is now a documented phenomenon. By using conventional price–quantity space and focussing attention on the quantity outcome, we are able to consider the impact of these concurrent forces on the false positive rate in the diagnosis of mental illnesses in the West and on efficacious diagnostic practice in this sector. Diagnostic efficacy is relevant to treatment, but it is relevant also to resource allocation in the mental health sector. Our analysis highlights the vital place of innovation in diagnostic practices, and the funding of this, in the mental health sector.     

Applicability of public sector reform initiatives of the Yemeni government from the integrated TOE-DOI framework

Effective resource allocation and accountability are critical for public services in countries facing a crisis, to ensure minimum inequality and even save lives. Administrative innovation is introduced as public sector reform to improve the performance and accountability of public sector organizations. Despite the said benefit, little has been done to study public administrative innovation in countries under crisis. This study extends the literature by examining the attitude of civil service managers to the administrative innovation in the Yemeni government representing a country in crisis from an integrated perspective of technology-organization-environment (TOE) and diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory. Data was collected from a survey of 200 civil service managers of the Yemeni central government. The result shows that the attitude of managers to private sector management style is scored the highest representing the key tool of the public administrative innovation. On the other hand, the downsizing elements were ranked the least significant as public sector reform elements. The explanatory model highlights the use of information technology, quality of human resources, and budget management orientation as significant factors for the applicability of public administrative innovation in the Yemeni central government.     

Technological innovation in services and manufacturing: results from Italian surveys

This paper provides fresh empirical evidence on technological innovation in the service sector, and highlights major similarities and differences with manufacturing. The main findings are the following. Technological innovation is quite a diffused and variegated phenomenon in market services. Engineering, technical consultancy, computing and software emerge as the most innovative sectors. Innovation expenditure per employee in these industries is rather close to the manufacturing average. Service firms as well as the manufacturing ones rely on a wide range of innovation sources. The acquisition and development of software and investment in machinery are the most cited. Investment, R&D and software are the major components of firms' innovation expenditure. Both in services and manufacturing the most important objective of firms' innovation strategies consist of improving service/product quality, increasing market shares and reducing production costs. Major obstacles for introducing technological innovation in services, as well as in manufacturing, are of an economic nature—i.e. lack of appropriate sources of finance and cost of innovation too high. Technological information is drawn mainly from in-house production departments as well as from outside suppliers of equipment, clients and customers. Again this is a pattern which is quite similar to the one found in the manufacturing sector. Finally, in the near future the importance of technology for firms' performance is expected to increase in all service industries. Overall, service and manufacturing sectors show more similarities than differences with respect to some basic dimensions of innovation processes.     

Behavioral innovation: Pilot study and new big data analysis approach in household sector user innovation

Innovation researchers have begun to look beyond how users develop tangible objects or product innovations and moved to investigate the existence and impact of intangible user-developed innovations in techniques and services in the household sector . In this paper, to incorporate technique and service innovations and other varieties of intangible innovations not yet described in the literature into an efficient and encompassing typology, we propose the new concept of intangible Behavioral Innovation as an overarching category that stands in contrast to tangible product innovation. Behavioral innovation is defined as consisting of one or a connected sequence of intangible problem-solving activities that provide a functionally novel benefit to its user developer relative to previous practice. We demonstrate in a pilot study using a relatively novel big data-gathering and semantic analysis approach that behavioral innovation exists and can be identified in user-generated content posted openly online in peer-to-peer discussion forums relating to household sector activities such as parenting. The preponderance (N = 138) of the 168 user innovations captured in our samples of discussion comments were intangible behavioral innovations, most of which were developed by women. The majority of behavioral innovations identified were diffused by their user developers in response to specific requests for help or advice from peers in their online community. Thus, incorporating the new concept of intangible behavioral innovation into studies of user innovation's scope and significance in the household sector can serve to clarify which users innovate in our communities of interest, what and how they innovate, why they are triggered to diffuse their innovations peer-to-peer, and how their innovative activities might impact social welfare.     

Evaluating research efficiency within National R&D Programmes

Relying on efficiency analysis, we evaluate to what extent policy makers have been able to promote the establishment of consolidated and comprehensive research groups to contribute to the implementation of a successful innovation system for the Spanish food technology sector, oriented to the production of knowledge based on an application model. Using data envelopment analysis techniques that allow calculation of a generalized version of the traditional distance function model for productive efficiency, we find pervasive levels of inefficiency and a typology of different research strategies. Among these, in contrast to what has been assumed, established groups do not play the pre-eminent benchmarking role; rather, partially oriented, specialized and “shooting star” groups are the most common patterns. These results correspond with an infant innovation system, where the fostering of higher levels of efficiency and the promotion of the desired research patterns are ongoing.     

Advancing innovation in the public sector: Aligning innovation measurement with policy goals

There is sufficient evidence, drawn from surveys of innovation in the public sector and cognitive testing interviews with public sector managers, to develop a framework for measuring public sector innovation. Although many questions that are covered in the Oslo Manual guidelines for measuring innovation in the private sector can be applied with some modifications to the public sector, public sector innovation surveys need to meet policy needs that require collecting additional types of data. Policy to support public sector innovation requires data on how public sector organizations innovate and how a strategic management approach to innovation can influence the types of innovations that are developed. Both issues require innovations surveys to delve deeply into the innovation processes and strategies that are used by public sector managers. Implementation of the measurement framework proposed in this paper would open up opportunities for a new, policy-relevant research program on public sector innovation.