CAS奥运会体育仲裁的程序正义

以CAS奥运会体育仲裁区别于一般仲裁为逻辑起点,论证了CAS奥运会体育仲裁与程序正义的关系,及CAS奥运会体育仲裁遵循程序正义的必要性。研究认为CAS奥运会体育仲裁在推进国际体育法发展的同时,其司法化特征日益明显;CAS奥运会体育仲裁与司法诉讼的趋同将使程序正义原则要在CAS奥运会体育仲裁中得以遵从,这将是CAS奥运会体育仲裁公正裁决的重要保障。CAS奥运会体育仲裁程序正义保障的基本要求主要包含了仲裁的中立性、仲裁的及时性、听取当事双方的辩论和证据、形式正义、提供裁决理由等几方面的原则。     

中国运动员国际体育仲裁胜诉第一案述评———兴奋剂处罚的程 序正义问题

国际体育仲裁院最近推翻了对中国柔道运动员佟文的兴奋剂禁赛处罚,这是中国运动员在国际体育仲裁中第一次胜诉。该案明确了程序 规则的含义,强调了程序权利的重要性,明确了程序瑕疵的弥补方法,肯定了体育仲裁中禁反言原则的适用。它启示中国体育界人士应重视兴奋 剂检验程序中的程序正义,对运动员的法律救助要制度化,建立运动员法律救助资金保障制度,充分利用国际体育仲裁机制。但本裁决在裁决理 由上应做更详细的说明。     

国际与我国体育临时仲裁的比较

通过国际体育临时仲裁与我国体育临时仲裁的性质、程序、法律适用等的比较分析,指出我国体育临时仲裁不能解决我国现行体育纠纷。提出建议:尽快建立起中国体育仲裁机构,出台《体育仲裁条例》对其进行规范;建立体育仲裁员选聘制度;选聘合格优秀的仲裁员;在构建体育仲裁程序时,设置一般程序、快速程序和调解程序等多种灵活方式。     

孙杨翻盘的启示

围绕孙杨接受药检而展开的争议事件,客观上起到了很好的普法效果。当初被直播的那场听证会,让大多数观众第一次见识到国际体育仲裁的场面。至于瑞士联邦最高法院做出的最新决定,则再次彰显“程序正义”所具有的重要性。     

国外体育仲裁范围与模式对我国体育仲裁立法的相关启示

现有的争端解决机制存在诸多问题,导致体育纠纷的解决缺乏公平高效的体系保障.体育仲裁制度的建立有利于体育争端解决过程的公平效率.对比国外体育仲裁制度和国际体育仲裁法院有关仲裁范围的规定,结合我国现有法律体系和体育运动体制,科学的划分我国体育仲裁的仲裁范围,可以有效处理我国体育仲裁程序与其他程序的衔接问题.     

美国体育仲裁制度研究分析

本文对美国体育仲裁制度的仲裁机构、仲裁程序、司法审查程序进行深入研究与分析,旨为中国体育仲裁制度的建立与完善提供借鉴和启示。1.美国体育仲裁制度研究(1)美国体育仲裁的分类在美国解决体育纠纷的仲裁制度大致可以分成两类:第一类是独立的普通仲裁制度,美国仲裁协会(Amer     

论国际体育仲裁中的"接近正义"原则——接近CAS上诉仲裁救济的先决条件

国际体育纠纷的排解机制在宏观上形成伞形二级仲裁制,国际体育仲裁院(Court of Arbitration for Sports,简称作CAS)跃居各国际体育协会内部救济程序之上,成为国际体育世界的最高法庭,管辖和受理针对各内部救济程序之裁决而提起的上诉案件。国际体育法治精神要求各体育组织的内部救济机制必须向中立客观的CAS仲裁程序敞开,赋予当事人接近正义之机会;国际体育发展的独特规律则要求尊重体育组织的行业自治。敞开与遮蔽之间的博弈及其尺寸拿捏遂实证化为接近CAS上诉仲裁救济的先决条件。     

中国体育仲裁的程序建构探析

中国体育仲裁的程序设计,既要遵守<仲裁法>的基本原则,又要适应解决体育纠纷的特殊要求,要体现公正和效益的基本价值.在立法体例上可以借鉴国际体育仲裁的基本模式,与国际惯例接轨,但也要符合中国国情.特别程序适用用尽内部救济原则,调解应为普通程序的前置程序.体育仲裁的期限设定应普遍短于<仲裁法>的规定.     

竞技体育仲裁程序析论——对CAS之考察及其本土化

CAS的竞技体育仲裁机制是其核心竞争力,包含仲裁诉答、仲裁推动、审前筹划、仲裁庭审和仲裁裁决5个子程序,并根据竞技体育的独特性进行因应调整。建设独立的中国竞技体育仲裁机制的有效路径之一即是实现CAS的中国化而成CCAS。CAS程序构造上的两阶化的诉答程序、强势的仲裁庭、科学的案件管理以及高效的仲裁节奏等内容是CCAS资鉴参照的重点所在。     

论奥运会体育仲裁程序

国际体育仲裁院有四类仲裁程序规则,奥运会赛事争议由该院垄断管辖并按照特设的仲裁程序规则进行仲裁。整个奥运会体育仲裁程序由《与体育相关的仲裁法典》、《奥林匹克运动仲裁规则》和《瑞士联邦国际私法法典》第12章等三类规范所构成,其宏观流程可概括为六大环节。深刻理解此类程序规则的一般规律有助于衔接我国法制与2008年北京奥运会,并可有效维护我国运动员和国家利益。     

对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究

越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。     

论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育

新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。     

Changes in repeated-sprint performance in relation to change in locomotor profile in highly-trained young soccer players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r² = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r² = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r² = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance.     

武汉市城镇居民体育消费现状的调查与分析

运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。     

2004年上海市竞技体育后备人才运动成绩比较分析

运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。     

Physiotherapy in Critical Care in Australia

A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care     

“体育强市”视域下上海市公共体育服务研究

公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制.     

Changes in leg kinematics in response to unpredictability in lateral jump execution

Abstract

Lateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury.     

论面向21世纪高等医学院校的体育改革

面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。