“生活化”物理实验培养学生科学素养的探索

“生活化”物理实验是围绕物理科学某一主题,充分运用身边的资料以及日常生活用品来进行的物理实验.“生活化”物理实验培养学生科学素养有多种优势,生活化观察实验培养学生的科学意识;生活化体验实验培养学生的科学品质;生活化探究实验培养学生的科学能力.     

农村初中物理实验教学探析

物理学科是以实验为基础的,实验是物理教学的重点,又是农村学校的难点和弱点。实验的教育价值在于在教学过程中,能化无形为有形,化抽象为形象,从而降低学生学习难度,让学生从感性的体验上升到理性的熟悉。实验教学比起直接讲述,确实要花费更多的时间和精力,而且在得到结论方面常常反不如直接讲述来的简洁而明确。但物理科学是一门实验科学,学生从物理实验中所获得的感性认识、探索能力和动手技巧等,不是直接讲述所能给予的,而且物理实验在增加物理教学的趣味性方面,也有它不可替代的作用。     

实验电教一体化教学的探索

实验电教一体化教学的探索云梦县城关实验中学孙士根（４３２５００）物理是一门以实验为基础的科学，所有的物理定律、原理都是经过实验验证的总结。物理演示实验能在课堂内真实地再现客观的物理现象和规律，是教学直观化和形象化的重要措施，也是培养学生思维能力的重要...     

谈新课程高中物理演示实验的教学

物理学是一门实验科学,物理实验是实验科学的重要组成部分,当前物理课程改革更加突出实验教学,它是科学探究的重要环节。在物理学的产生、建立和发展的过程中,物理实验是归纳物理规律、产生物理假说的实验基础,是验证理论预言和物理假说的主要依据,是培养学生科学探究能力和实验操作技能的主要途径,是发展学生非智力因素的一个重要的教学过程。     

初中物理实验探究教学的基本途径

在物理课程中,实验和科学探究有着紧密的联系。从科学探究的角度看,实验是科学探究的重要方式之一,是物理教学中实施科学探究活动的主阵地;从实验教学的角度看,物理实验中的演示实验和学生实验跟科学探究一样,也具有多维的课程目标,除了学习知识、训练技能以外,物理实验还在发展学生实验能力、提高学生科学素养方面发挥着重要作用。因此,在实验教学     

实验：学习物理永恒的主题——谈教科版初中物理教材对物理实验的一些探索

实验是物理学发展的科学基础，是把物理表象、物理情景上升到物理概念、规律的重要途径，也是学习物理的有效方法。新课标教材非常重视实验，力求通过实验探究引入概念，得出规律，通过实验检验猜想，通过实验培养兴趣和能力，体现初中物理教学以实验为基础的特点。此外，通过生动的实验把一些高度抽象、高度概括的理想模型直观化，形象化，通过具体实验对所研究概念、模型，     

基于核心素养的初中物理实验教学

物理核心素养是学生在接受物理教育过程中逐步 形成的适应个人终身发展和社会需要的必备品格和关键能力。物理实验既可以提高学生的实验探究能力和科学思维,又可以 帮助学生形成物理观念,熏陶学生的科学态度与责任。通过实 验教学,让学生能够近距离感受到物理学科的魅力,并且强化 实验的操作步骤和过程。让学生能够通过亲手实验明白相应 的物理原理,提高学生的实践能力,强化实验的探索性,潜移默 化地培养学生核心素养。     

基于Excel的初中物理实验数据可视化教学案例

实验探究是建构物理观念、发展科学思维、形成科学态度与责任的重要途径，Excel具有强大的运算、图表功能，有助于将实验数据可视化.本文通过探讨Excel与初中物理实验数据处理的深度融合，达成“由无序到有序，化隐形为显性”“由数字到图像，化无形为有形”“由数据到公式，化定性为定量”“由推导到数据，化抽象为直观”的可视化效果，以提高实验教学效率，培养学生的物理学科核心素养.     

探讨新课程下的高中物理实验教学

物理学是一门以实验为基础的科学.所有的物理知识,包括物理概念、定律和理论,都是在实验的基础上建立起来的.物理实验是培养学生操作技能和科学方法、科学态度的重要过程.教师只有组织好物理实验,获取实验教学的最佳效果,才能真正提高学生的科学素质.     

中学物理演示实验室建设构想

<正>物理学是一门以实验为基础的科学,物理实验教学是物理教学的重要环节之一,是落实物理课程目标、提高学生科学素养、创新精神、实践能力的重要途径,也是实施物理课程改革的重要的课程资源。其中,物理演示实验能够化抽象为具体,     

Studying the Use of Peer Learning in the Introductory Computer Science Curriculum

This paper reports the results of studying the use of peer learning in the introductory computer science curriculum. The project involves educators from a variety of institutions who participated in two summer workshops and either introduced or continued their use of peer learning at their institutions as part of this project. The results of the collective work include much experience with different types of peer learning in different settings. Overall, the results indicate that peer learning is a valuable technique that should be used as one pedagogical approach in teaching the introductory computer science curriculum.     

A case for culturally relevant science education in the summer for African American youth

Abstract

This article focuses on the impact of culturally relevant teaching and learning during a summer enrichment program for high school students. Culturally relevant science instruction and curriculum helped students to foster a more positive interest in science and STEM careers as it provided students the opportunity to do science in meaningful and relevant ways. Students were able to see themselves represented in the curriculum and recognized their own strengths; as a result, they were more validated and affirmed in and transformed by, their learning. We use this case to warrant increased support for summer learning programs focused on providing African American youth with access to high quality, culturally relevant/responsive science education.     

Outcomes of the primary and early childhood science and technology education project at the university of Canberra

The aim of the Primary and Early Childhood Science and Technology Education Project (PECSTEP) is to improve teaching and learning in science and technology of by increasing the number of early childhood and primary teachers who are effective educators. PECSTEP is based on an interactive model of teaching and systematically links work on gender with the learning and teaching of science and technology. The project involves: a year-long inservice program which includes the development of a science curriculum unit by teachers in their schools; linking of the preservice and inservice programs; and the development of support networks for teachers. Each phase of PECSTEP has been researched by means of surveys, interviews and the use of diaries. Research questions have focussed particularly on changes in: teachers’ and student teachers’ attitudes to teaching science and technology; their perceptions of science and technology; their perceptions of their students’ responses and their understandings of how gender relates to these areas. Specializations: primary science curriculum, science teacher education, sociology of science, technology and education. Specializations: gender and science/science teacher education, feminist theory, curriculum theory. Specializations: Science education research, curriculum development.     

Examining the effect of teachers' adaptations of a middle school science inquiry‐oriented curriculum unit on student learning

Reform based curriculum offer a promising avenue to support greater student achievement in science. Yet teachers frequently adapt innovative curriculum when they use them in their own classrooms. In this study, we examine how 19 teachers adapted an inquiry‐oriented middle school science curriculum. Specifically, we investigate how teachers' curricular adaptations (amount of time, level of completion, and activity structures), teacher self‐efficacy (teacher comfort and student understanding), and teacher experience enacting the unit influenced student learning. Data sources included curriculum surveys, videotape observations of focal teachers, and pre‐ and post‐tests from 1,234 students. Our analyses using hierarchical linear modeling found that 38% of the variance in student gain scores occurred between teachers. Two variables significantly predicted student learning: teacher experience and activity structure. Teachers who had previously taught the inquiry‐oriented curriculum had greater student gains. For activity structure, students who completed investigations themselves had greater learning gains compared to students in classrooms who observed their teacher completing the investigations as demonstrations. These findings suggest that it can take time for teachers to effectively use innovative science curriculum. Furthermore, this study provides evidence for the importance of having students actively engaging in inquiry investigations to develop understandings of key science concepts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., J Res Sci Teach 48: 149–169, 2011     

Designing Science Learning in the First Years of Schooling. An intervention study with sequenced learning material on the topic of ‘floating and sinking'

Research on learning and instruction of science has shown that learning environments applied in preschool and primary school rarely makes use of structured learning materials in problem-based environments although these are decisive quality features for promoting conceptual change and scientific reasoning within early science learning. We thus developed and implemented a science learning environment for children in the first years of schooling which contains structured learning materials with the goal of supporting conceptual change concerning the understanding of the floating and sinking of objects and fostering students' scientific reasoning skills. In the present implementation study, we aim to provide a best-practice example of early science learning. The study was conducted with a sample of 15 classes of the first years of schooling and a total of 244 children. Tests were constructed to measure children's conceptual understanding before and after the implementation. Our results reveal a decrease in children's misconceptions from pretest to posttest. After the curriculum, the children were able to produce significantly more correct predictions about the sinking or floating of objects than before the curriculum and also relative to a control group. Moreover, due to the intervention, the explanations given for their predictions implied a more elaborated concept of material kinds. All in all, a well-structured curriculum promoting comparison and scientific reasoning by means of inquiry learning was shown to support children's conceptual change.     

Knowledge and the educative functions of a university: Designing the curriculum of higher education

The central thesis of this paper is that the learning of science in integrated curricular contexts requires a broader theoretical framework than is typically adopted by researchers and teachers. The common practice of interpreting science learning in terms of conceptual and procedural understandings in such contexts is problematized through an examination of the literature. As an alternative to the traditional approach, a triangulation of three theoretical perspectives is undertaken to view the science learning in a classroom case study of integrated curriculum. The conclusion highlights the necessity of balance between the disciplinary forces on curriculum and the forces that better reflect the multiple dimensions of learning in the real world. The use of theoretical triangulation is demonstrated as a technique through which a balanced, and more complete, view of learning in integrated contexts can be achieved.     

浅析高中生物新课程教学的现状与对策

通过对福建省部分高中生物学教学情况的调研,发现高中生物学新课程教学存在的主要问题有：科学素养、实验技能和专业知识是教师知识结构的三大欠缺;课堂教学以教授法为主,开展探究性教学偏少;不够重视利用和开发生物课程资源;校本教研活动和校本研究中存在形式主义和功利思想。本文尝试分析上述问题产生的原因,并建议改革教师继续教育的课程设置及其内容,有针对性地应用探究性教学策略、案例教学策略和反思教学策略,强化教师专业知识的深度、广度和系统化程度,提高教师的教学能力和教育科学研究能力,帮助教师胜任高中生物学新课程的教学与教育科学研究。     

From invitation to destination: A systematic literature review of the use of picturebooks in inquiry-based education

Picturebooks offer powerful supports for teaching diverse content across different curriculum areas. Research and curriculum resources document their use in inquiry-based education practices, particularly in relation to science and philosophy. There is, however, little theoretical analysis of this use or cross-curricular comparisons. Applying a systematic literature review process, this paper examines existing empirical research on the use of picturebooks in formal inquiry-based education contexts. The analysis considers the context in which the picturebooks were used, including curriculum context and class level, the role played by the picturebooks in the inquiries and the value ascribed to the use of picturebooks. The review proposes a framework for understanding and contrasting the varying roles played by picturebooks in inquiry-based education approaches. This framework involves seven uses: invitations, provocations, mentors, models, resources, touchstones and destinations. Varying benefits are attributed to the use of picturebooks, including their practicality, inclusivity, complexity, aid to cognitive learning, emotional engagement and association with child readers. These benefits emphasise both the accessibility and the complexity of picturebooks. The review proposes that inquiry approaches should attend to picturebook form and content and the interdependency of the two. The review's analysis supports extended use of picturebooks across the curriculum, including in history, geography, citizenship and science education, as well as in interdisciplinary approaches.     

新课程教学中应处理好的几个关系

针对过去课程实施中存在的过于强调接受学习和教学预设等弊端,新课程改革积极倡导主动参与、乐于探究、自主合作的学习方式,强调教学的动态生成及课程与生活的联系。实践中出现了有些教师因滥用、误用探究学习或一味追求教学的动态生成和教学内容的生活化处理而影响新课程改革有效实施的现象,为此应特别注意正确处理教学的预设性与生成性、科学世界与生活世界、接受学习与探究学习的关系。     

Pre-service teachers' use of problem-solving in primary science

The use of problem-solving in science instruction implies a change in the teacher's role from dispensing content information to encouraging critical reflective thinking in the student. For problem-solving to become an integral part of the science curriculum, teachers must make it the focus of their instruction. This study investigated the extent to which pre-service primary teachers used the problem-solving approach in their science instruction. It also identified the factors affecting their efforts to teach science using this approach. The issues considered are important in whether problem-solving becomes part of the science curriculum, as teaching behaviour influences student learning outcomes. Specializations: science eeducation Specializations: educational measurement, research methodology.