新时代呼唤新的思维方式

我们已跨入一个新的世纪、新的时代、在这个新的时代，由于科学技术的突飞猛进、社会政治实践的深刻变化，以及生产实践和科学实践的负面效应，要求我们必须建构新的思维方式。     

科学技术革命—人—道德

我们的时代,是一个伟大变革的时代。一场规模空前的科学技术革命正在逢勃兴起,其影响所及,迅速地改变着人们的生产过程、社会结构、生活方式和思维方式。新的时代必须有新型的人与之相适应,新的斗争必须有新的道德品质作为其精神基础。如果说,当代科学技术革命及其在社会主要过程中所造成的后果表明,科学技术的继续进步和社会改革的深入发展,只有在当代人的智力和道德领先发展的基础上才有可能的话,     

知识经济时代的政治发展

从经济与政治相互关系,分析知识经济时代,在法治水平、为社会个体提供政治服务、民主进程、公有制、科学技术、决策方式、创新过程等方面阐述政治发展的内容和特征。     

人工智能时代思想政治教育的价值定位与发展

人工智能应用于思想政治教育是科学技术和时代发展的必然趋势。人工智能与思想政治教育的融合发展必须始终以思想政治教育为核心,这是人工智能作为思想政治教育资源的价值前提。人工智能时代的思想政治教育具有"真""假"交织、"冷""暖"重叠、"动""静"共存的基本特点,因此,始终坚持思想政治教育的主导地位,思想政治教育工作者担负起应有的角色担当,构建精准思政和智慧思政平台,是思想政治教育用好人工智能的发展前景。     

邓小平知识分子理论的时代价值

邓小平“科学技术是第一生产力”与“教育先行”的科学论断,为我们党在知识经济时代确定未来知识分子工作的政策提供了价值坐标。知识分子是工人阶级中先进科学技术的代表,是开拓社会生产力的代表。我们在提高知识分子的政治地位、社会地位的同时,必须完善分配制度,将知识贡献与价值分配有机地统一起来。     

关于改进大学生思想政治工作的几个问题

我们正处在振兴中华、经济起飞、全面改革的伟大时代,为了祖国的繁荣、人民的幸福,大学思想政治工作要跟上时代的脚步,适应新内历史发展需要,开拓前进。一、培养人才,必须加强与改革思想政治工作面向新的历史时期,形势发展变化,人们的思想必然发生变化,在这种情况下,为培养一代新人,思想政治工作不但不能削弱,相反更要适应形势发展的特点予以加强。为了加强思想政治工作,必须在思想教育的内容、方式、方法和其它工作一样进行改革。邓小平同志在十二大开幕词中阐述了一个重要思想,就是“把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实践结合起来,走自己的道路,建设有中国特色的社会主义”。为了实现十二大的总目标、总任务,关键在于尊重科学技术和掌握现代科学技术为四化服务的     

浅论大学生思想政治网络化教学

在信息化时代,大学生思想政治教育要继续发挥优势,赢得主动,就必须跟上时代步伐,尽快实现与现代信息技术的接轨融合,提高自身科学技术含量和信息含量,在体制上建立"家庭-辅导员-教师-学校-社会"五位一体齐抓共管的网络体制,实现大学生思想政治网络化教学。     

“红灯记”与“红歌会”教育方式的比较

"红灯记"与"红歌会"是两个不同时代的产物,但两者都是以红色资源为载体对全体公民进行"红色教育"。从多个角度比较"红灯记"与"红歌会"的异同,能够清晰地看到思想政治教育方式是随着时代的变化而变化。通过比较得出启示:红色资源是我国思想政治教育不可代替的优质资源,同时,思想政治教育方式也必须随着时代的变化而与时俱进。     

新课标所体现出的多元化教育思想

在当今时代,科学技术发展速度加快,新领域不断增多,学科高度分化又高度综合,科学技术转化为生产力的周期大大缩短,计算机的普及和网络的盛行大大改变了人们的工作方式、学习方式、思维方式乃至生活方式。为了适应迅猛发展的现代社会,企业必须不间断地创新,人们必须不停地学习,各类社会组织必须不停地向学习型组织转型,人们的道德素质必须不断提高。     

现代思维方式在思想政治教学中的应用

一个民族的诸多实践活动中,社会政治活动是极其重要的起统帅和导向作用的实践活动;因而指导这种社会政治活动的思想政治思维方式,必须首先适应时代的发展。那么,什么样的思想政治思维方式才是适应知识经济时代发展需要的呢？答曰：系统性思维、开放式思维、多维化思维、创造性思维和预测性思维。     

Education,Contestation and Confusions of Sense and Concept

ABSTRACT

In the contemporary literature of educational philosophy and theory, it is almost routinely assumed or claimed that ‘education’ is a ‘contested’ concept: that is, it is held that education is invested – as it were, ‘all the way down’ – with socially constructed interests and values that are liable to diverge in different contexts to the point of mutual opposition. It is also often alleged that post-war analytical philosophers of education such as R. S. Peters failed to appreciate such contestability in seeking a single unified account of the concept of education. Following a brief re-visitation of Peters’ analytical influences and approach and some consideration of recent ‘post-analytical’ criticisms of analytical educational philosophy on precisely this score, it is argued that much of the case for the so-called ‘contestability’ of education rests on a confusion of different concepts with different senses of ‘education’ that proper observance of well-tried methods of conceptual analysis easily enables us to avoid.     

Management,skills and creativity: the purpose and value of instrumental reasoning in education discourse

Reason is a heterogeneous word with many meanings and functions. Instrumental reasoning is the ‘useful but blind’ variant that, for Horkheimer, presupposes ‘the adequacy of procedures for purposes more or less taken for granted and supposedly self-explanatory’. The paper argues that the root of instrumental reasoning is to be found in Hume and Weber and suggests that the problems associated with portraying reason as ‘inert’ or ‘formal’ underpin many areas of education policy today. A scrutiny of discourses on managerialism, skills and creativity suggests that they are not only bound by instrumental reasoning but tied to unacknowledged purposes associated with what Marcuse called ‘capitalist rationality’. The paper concludes by reflecting upon Habermas’ notion of substantive reasoning that offers education a way forward.     

Performativity,Performance and Education

This article explores Lyotard’s notion of performativity through an engagement with McKenzie’s analysis of performance as a ‘formation of knowledge and power’ that has displaced the notion of discipline as the tool for social evaluation. Through conditions of ‘performance’ capitalism, education is to conform to a logic of performativity that ensures not only the efficient operation of the state in the world market, but also the continuation of a global culture of performance. I further trace Lyotard’s postmodern aesthetic of experimentation through performance as an ‘event’ in an analogous attempt to track the process of cultural production in terms that acknowledge the temporality of the event so as not to reduce the artwork to a commodity, knowledge to information, and ‘performance’ to be managed. Where this has critical traction is in education, a site that deals with the intersection of politics, art, theory, philosophy and history—in short, a site where all aspects of ‘performance’ are fully realized. This article engages with the key ideas of these thinkers’ approaches to notions of performance, and assesses their relevance for an understanding of the ambiguities of ‘performance’ in contemporary education institutions.     

Writing and writers: the perceptions of young children and their parents

Over the past three decades early writing research has focused on the processes involved as children learn to write. There is now a powerful evidence base to show that children’s earliest discoveries about written language are learned through active engagement with their social and cultural worlds. In addition, the idea of writing development as an emergent process is well established. The study reported in this paper adopted case study methodology combined with an age-appropriate data collection technique in order to explore children’s perceptions of themselves as writers. A focused task using a hand puppet called Baby Bear was used to elicit children’s perceptions. The children’s parents were interviewed to elicit their perceptions of their children as writers. This small-scale exploratory study found that the children had clear perceptions about themselves as writers. There were important links between parents’ perceptions of their children as writers and the ethos for writing they created in the home. It was found that, overall, more positive parental perceptions were linked with more attention to the meaning of children’s writing. It is concluded that early years settings could usefully identify and compare children’s and parents’ perceptions of writing in order to enhance children’s writing development.     

Bourdieu,Practice and Change: Beyond the criticism of determinism

This article sets out to go beyond those criticisms that claim Bourdieu’s theory is structuralist determinism and identifies how change can be realized within a Bourdieusian framework. Starting with Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the first part of this article aims to develop an understanding of the interlocking relationship between capital, habitus and field. The review shows that the inability to anticipate change is arguably the most crucial weakness of the Bourdieusian framework. The second part examines Bourdieu’s attempts that seemingly challenge the determinist criticism: ‘reproduction strategy’, ‘reflexivity’ and ‘hysteresis effect’. By relocating these concepts in Bourdieu's grand social theory, it then becomes clear that change is attainable in Bourdieusian theory if we can successfully identify the ‘mismatch’ between the field and habitus that can trigger the awakening of consciousness, fully recognize the neglected, but equally important, methodical mode of habitus formation, which is ‘explicit pedagogy’, and strategically engage with an open system that provides new possibilities. By scrutinizing Bourdieu in his original texts, with an eye to finding the ‘hidden essence’, this article hopes to show the need to take a certain theoretical innovation, one that is clearly outside the habitual use of Bourdieu’s theory.     

Kids,College, and Capital: Parental Financial Support and College Choice

Parents vary in both their willingness and ability to pay for their children’s college expenses, yet there is little research on how adolescents’ expectations of future financial support from parents affect their college enrollment decisions. Using data from the High School Longitudinal Study, I fill this gap in the literature by examining the predictors of parents’ plans to pay for college and estimating the effect of having a parent that plans to pay for college on an adolescent’s probability of college attendance. The results suggest that after parents’ ability to pay is taken into account, social class remains a strong predictor of whether parents plan to pay for their children’s college education. Additionally, parent’s plans to pay for college have a measurable impact on children’s college enrollment as long as the child is aware of or agrees with the parent’s plans. Therefore, it is likely that socioeconomic differences in parents’ pledges of financial support to adolescents contribute to postsecondary stratification. The results from this study suggest that policymakers and researchers who are concerned about educational inequality should pay greater attention to the role of parental financial support in structuring children’s ability to access college.     

Youth voice and HIV prevention: discursive opportunities,limitations and productive impossibilities

This paper draws on engagements with ‘voice’ in youth studies and ‘student voice’ work in order to interrogate the limits and opportunities of the call to ‘youth voice’ in HIV prevention discourses. Building on the limitations and opportunities within the debates of the ‘who’, ‘what’ and ‘how’ of speaking and the construction of the youth subject, the author argues that, unless there is commitment to working within the contradictions and instabilities inherent in these debates, ‘youth voice’ risks becoming a powerful discursive technique whereby the blame for failing to prevent HIV is put onto an essentalised category of ‘youth’ as ‘other,’ allowing ‘us’ (the researcher, international development practitioner, technical advisor, policy maker, donor) to escape blame. The author concludes by returning to the notion of an uncertain dialogue and ways in which ‘youth voice’ can begin to work productively within the discursive spaces of HIV prevention.     

Action research,stories and practical philosophy

This collaborative piece written by a philosopher/action researcher and an action researcher/philosopher explores the use of practical philosophy as a tool in action research. The paper explores the connection to be made between what we refer to, roughly, as ‘theory’ and ‘practice’ (while never losing hold of either). The connection is made around ideas of ‘practical philosophy’ and social justice. The authors suggest that ‘practical philosophy’ might develop as a ‘philosophy in human practices’. It begins from the understanding that philosophy is rooted in social practice, with philosophy in educational practices being rooted in educational practice. The paper goes on to explore the use of ‘little stories’ as a way into the diversity of significant particularities. Finally the links are drawn with action research. It is argued that the process of reconceptualisation is itself an action that will make a difference as part of a series of action research cycles.     

Blindness,Art and Exclusion in Museums and Galleries

Drawing on interviews with blind people, this paper examines both their exclusion from museums and galleries and their responses to the art educational provision that is specifically designed to remedy that marginalisation. Blind visitors’ responses to these educational projects were polarised; respondents were either highly critical or very enthusiastic. This paper begins by outlining the interviewees’ criticisms which included; education officers’ misconception of how touch facilitates learning and aesthetic response, a lack of educational progression and blind people's exclusion from mainstream events. I then ask why, given these problems, did other respondents reply so favourably, suggest that these high levels of satisfaction had little to do with museum provision but were in fact the result of social interaction and of rare inclusion within the sighted community. I argue that, ironically, this sense of inclusion is premised on blind visitors’ structural exclusion from art institutions. Finally, the article examines those visitors who, illicitly or otherwise, already experience some aspects of the museum in multisensory terms, but maintain that until museums’ and galleries’ ocularcentric orientation is reconfigured, there will be little possibility for these rogue visitors to develop their knowledge of art. Likewise, without institutional change, educational events for the blind will continue to be an inadequate supplement to a structure that is and remains inequitable.     

Heidegger,Education and the ‘Cult of the Authentic’

Within educational philosophies that utilise the Heideggerian idea of ‘authenticity’ there can be distinguished at least two readings that correspond with the categories of ‘weak’ and ‘strong’ utopianism. ‘Strong‐utopianism’ is the nostalgia for some lost Edenic paradise to be restored at some future time. Here it is the ‘world’ that needs to be transcended for it is the source of our inauthenticity, where we are the puppets of modernist‐capitalist ideologies. ‘Authenticity’ here is a value‐judgment, understood as something that makes you a better person. The ‘inauthentic’ person is simply deceived. ‘Weak‐utopianism’ is recognising the forces for change in the ‘everyday‐immanent’ where we do not look to overcome the world but own it as ‘heritage’. ‘Authenticity’ here is an ontological choice, a modification of inauthenticity, not its opposite. The ‘cult of the authentic’ relates to the ‘strong utopianism’ where ‘authenticity’ has become fetishized, harking back to a purer, pre‐modern state, untainted by the ideals of the Enlightenment and ethos of capitalism. ‘Authentic education’ is the overcoming of our environments and socio‐historical contexts, opening up new horizons of meaning. The radical notion of freedom that this implies, where one is free from rather than free in the realisation of constraint, may also be another dividing line between the ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ readings, which lend themselves to a Messianic narrative. It will be argued that if ‘authentic education’ is understood through a ‘strong utopianism’ it actually re‐enforces those very same dystopian ideals they look to overcome as characterised by ‘enframing’.