数字鸿沟与网络时代公共图书馆的职能

论文介绍了数字鸿沟研究中的图书馆。因特网发展导致的“数字鸿沟”使公共图书馆的保障信息公平的作用被重新认识。数字鸿沟问题使人们对公共图书馆职能有了新的认识，公共图书馆在消除数字鸿沟方面的特殊作用有：提供公共计算机因特网接入、进行基本信息技能教育、提供合适的网络信息资源。     

数字鸿沟的危害性及其跨越策略

数字鸿沟将进一步加剧贫富分化,威胁国家安全乃至全球政治经济的稳定,威胁世界文化财富和语言的多样性,剥夺一些人参与社会活动的权利。应调动一切可以调动的力量,携手解决这个问题。要加快发展中国家和农村的通信基础设施建设;在通信技术的研究开发中,优先考虑缩小数字鸿沟的技术;要全面提高教育水平,普及信息技术教育。     

德勤：“数字鸿沟”将继续扩大

专业咨询机构德勤最新报告预计，“数字鸿沟”将进一步扩大。发达国家和发展中国家之间的巨大数字鸿沟在2006年仍将持续。由于缺乏接触媒体、互联网、通信和信息的途径，处于鸿沟劣势一边的国家将日渐陷入困境。     

七月热帖

媒体是各国人民相互了解的桥梁,媒体关系是国家关系的重要组成部分。当前,在国际新闻报道中仍然存在着大部分新闻信息被西方媒体垄断的现象,发达国家和发展中国家信息传播不对称和数字鸿沟的问题依然十分突出。发展中国家占世界人口大多数,但在世界上的声音很弱,     

跨越档案信息化建设的数字鸿沟

一个时期以来,人们对“数字鸿沟”问题的谈论多起来了。通常认为,数字鸿沟是经济发展与信息化水平的差距而导致的信息不对称。国际上,是发达国家经济水平及信息化程度与发展中国家之间所形成的信息不对称。在国内推进“档案信息化建设”过程中,这种信息不对称问题的主要表现是:许多档案馆(室),在重金投资建立了一流的通信——计算机网络之后,网络系统上信息贫乏、数据混乱、应用系统相互割裂成为一些“信息孤岛”,远不能支持管理与应用。这就需要我们深思:实施信息化战略,应该找准档案信息化建设的“数字鸿沟”究竟在哪里,实用的技术方案。…     

半月要闻

阎晓宏:当前知识产权领域面临着两大挑战10月29日,新闻出版总署副署长、国家版权局副局长阎晓宏在新加坡出席了版权及相关权亚太论坛。阎晓宏在演讲中强调:当前知识产权领域面临着两大挑战:一是知识产权如何有助于缩小知识鸿沟,让发展中国家和发达国家共同受益于创新和知识产权;二是数字技术迅猛发展给知     

中国大陆地区网络鸿沟现状分析——基于中国互联网络信息中心调查数据的研究

在因特网快速发展中,中国内地各地区间存在严重的不平衡。从网络用户、CN注册域 名和WWW站点数量看,各地区间已形成明显的网络鸿沟。这种现象必须采取措施,予以消除。 表12。参考文献2。     

消除数字鸿沟提高信息素养——以上海社区图书馆为例

尽管近几年来在许多发达国家和发展中国家信息环境有了很大的改善，但数字鸿沟仍没有缩小的迹象。图书馆在消除数字鸿沟中将起到核心的作用。本文通过上海地区公共图书馆电子服务，展示图书馆员与其他社会和教育工作者一起共同承担着提高市民信息素养的重任。图书馆员将以自己的知识、技能和专业精神，在消除数字鸿沟、创造数字机会中扮演重要的角色。     

国际图联关于“世界知识产权组织未来发展日内瓦宣言”的立场(2004年9月28日)

国际图联(IFLA)对《世界知识产权组织未来日内瓦宣言》表示认可和欢迎。国际图联迫切要求世界知识产权组织对于知识产权法的不平衡、信息垄断、技术保护措施、数字鸿沟加大,以及自由贸易协定等问题予以陈述和表态,并力劝其针对世界范围的知识产权问题,考虑发达国家和发展中国家的不同需要,采取全新步骤。参考文献4。     

跨越档案信息化建设的数字鸿沟

引言 　　一个时期以来,人们对“数字鸿沟“问题的谈论多起来了.通常认为,数字鸿沟是经济发展与信息化水平的差距而导致的信息不对称.国际上,是发达国家经济水平及信息化程度与发展中国家之间所形成的信息不对称.在国内推进“档案信息化建设“过程中,这种信息不对称问题的主要表现是:许多档案馆(室),在重金投资建立了一流的通信-计算机网络之后,网络系统上信息贫乏、数据混乱、应用系统相互割裂成为一些“信息孤岛“,远不能支持管理与应用.这就需要我们深思:实施信息化战略,应该找准档案信息化建设的“数字鸿沟“究竟在哪里,研究跨越这种“鸿沟“的策略和方法. 　　……     

互联网对亚洲的影响及发展中存在的问题

互联网渗透到社会的方方面面 ,给人们的工作、生活和娱乐带来了革命性的变化。像对发达国家的影响一样 ,互联网正日益改变着亚洲国家人们的生活观念和生活方式。但我们又看到 ,互联网经济在拉动消费、促进生产的同时 ,由于亚洲各国经济、技术实力的不同以及各国政府重视程度的不同 ,区域之间、国家之间的互联网发展存在着事实上的不平衡 ,这将影响亚洲经济发展以及社会发展的整体运行。     

Dissemination of Information in Developing Countries

Abstract

With the blooming of information in digital format, dissemination of information is becoming a big challenge for developing countries. It is not only due to the limited provision of personal computersin addition, the technological infrastructure and the ability to access information are also becoming major concerns in developing countries. This paper examines the situation in the Asian developing countries as an example to illustrate the difficulties with the dissemination of information. The availability of personal computers is not the only difficulty facing developing countries. The availability and popularity of the Internet, the telecommunication policies and environment of the countries concerned, the information literacy level of the users and the librarians, the popularity of the English language, the knowledge of searching information on the Internet, and the maturity of the electronic publishing market are all inter-related and have affected the success of information dissemination. Recent developments in tackling the problems are also described.     

Internet in Yemen: Problems and Prospects (A Case Study)

The Internet has caught the public in its expanding web. It is beginning to reshape other media and is now making its way into countries all over the world including developing countries. Yemen, as a developing country, introduced Internet services in September 1996. The present study attempts to evaluate Internet services in Yemen from inception up to the end of 1998. The study also hopes to find, among other things, how well and how widely the Internet is used in Yemen and to what extent Yemen can benefit from it, and how Yemen participates in the information highway. A questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data. The homepages hosted at the Tele-Yemen (ISP) Server were scanned and certain criteria were used for their evaluation. The study was able to pinpoint the problems faced by Yemeni users of the Internet, the constraints confronting its diffusion in Yemen and the profits gained by subscribers. The study came up with several suggestions and recommendations that the two authors hope will provide a basis for assessing the prospects for the future of the Internet in Yemen.     

Internet in Yemen: Problems and Prospects (A Case Study)

The Internet has caught the public in its expanding web. It is beginning to reshape other media and is now making its way into countries all over the world including developing countries. Yemen, as a developing country, introduced Internet services in September 1996. The present study attempts to evaluate Internet services in Yemen from inception up to the end of 1998. The study also hopes to find, among other things, how well and how widely the Internet is used in Yemen and to what extent Yemen can benefit from it, and how Yemen participates in the information highway. A questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting data. The homepages hosted at the Tele-Yemen (ISP) Server were scanned and certain criteria were used for their evaluation. The study was able to pinpoint the problems faced by Yemeni users of the Internet, the constraints confronting its diffusion in Yemen and the profits gained by subscribers. The study came up with several suggestions and recommendations that the two authors hope will provide a basis for assessing the prospects for the future of the Internet in Yemen.     

国外人文、社会科学类学术性专题数据库及其发展趋势

系统归纳整理国外当前通过网络发行的主要人文、社会科学类学术数据库；综合评价这类数据库的特点、发展趋势等。     

Information for Research in Developing Countries — Information Technology,a Friend or Foe?

The difference between the advanced and developing countries in the matter of access to information for research has been continually increasing. The advent of the Internet and electronic sources of information has not only exacerbated the gap but also led to the exclusion of developing country researchers from taking part as equal partners in publishing, refereeing, and in international collaboration. If handled imaginatively, the very same technologies can help bridge the information gap between the rich and the poor countries and help improve research productivity worldwide. Many initiatives that are already in place are described and suggestions are given on steps to be taken by developing country researchers.     

What Type of Internet Development Programme in Cameroon?

Everyone is trying to reap the extraordinary benefits of international networks, but without bothering to find out whether it is safe to do so. This paper echoes some questions being raised by the Cameroonian, and indeed the African, community. What will become of countries or social groups which do not get on to the Internet in time? Would the majority of the world population thus be cut off from a small group? What is the position regarding equality of conditions of access, freedom to communicate and interactivity facilities, understood as a network of exchanges? The programme for the development of the Internet in Cameroon is intended as a pilot experiment in a developing country, that could be taken up in other countries of the region.     

What Type of Internet Development Programme in Cameroon?

Everyone is trying to reap the extraordinary benefits of international networks, but without bothering to find out whether it is safe to do so. This paper echoes some questions being raised by the Cameroonian, and indeed the African, community. What will become of countries or social groups which do not get on to the Internet in time? Would the majority of the world population thus be cut off from a small group? What is the position regarding equality of conditions of access, freedom to communicate and interactivity facilities, understood as a network of exchanges? The programme for the development of the Internet in Cameroon is intended as a pilot experiment in a developing country, that could be taken up in other countries of the region.     

The Internet,Public Libraries,and the Digital Divide

Virtually every public library in the United States provides public access Internet computers as a role central to its mission. This article addresses the issue of why the Internet matters for public libraries, both in terms of impacts on the general public, particularly the digitally disadvantaged (part one of the article) and impacts on libraries themselves (part two of the article). Each part of this report begins with an extensive literature review, followed by a data analysis section. In part one, the author uses the 2000 United States Census dataset to evaluate library efforts to bridge the digital divide, by analyzing differences in the growth of public terminals in library systems serving counties with different levels of household income, households in poverty, non-white households, and non-English-speaking households. The analysis finds no disparity in the number of public computers available in areas with high and low incomes but finds a significant—and widening—disparity in the number of computers available in areas with a higher versus lower percentage of non-white and non-English-speaking households. In part two of the report, the author uses a random effects linear regression model to estimate the effects of Internet access on library usage. This analysis finds that having Internet terminals (versus having no Internet terminals) has a significant positive effect on a library's visits and reference transactions, but not on a library's circulation. An increase in the number of Internet terminals has no significant effect, positive or negative, on visits, reference transactions, or circulation.     

Locating Holocaust Information on the Internet

Summary

The Internet, being a global tool capable of supporting multi-media format, can provide a venue for information in ways that traditional resources cannot. There is an abundance of information on the Internet regarding various aspects of the Holocaust. Responding to the broad disparity of the quality of information, political agendas of information providers, and the multi-disciplinary nature of the topic, this article is designed to provide an overview of available resources, and a spring-board for further research using the Internet as a medium.