Big and open linked data analytics ecosystem: Theoretical background and essential elements

Big and open linked data are often mentioned together because storing, processing, and publishing large amounts of these data play an increasingly important role in today's society. However, although this topic is described from the political, economic, and social points of view, a technical dimension, which is represented by big data analytics, is insufficient. The aim of this review article was to provide a theoretical background of big and open linked data analytics ecosystem and its essential elements. First, the key terms were introduced including related dimensions. Then, the key lifecycle phases were defined and involved stakeholders were identified. Finally, a conceptual framework was proposed. In contrast to previous research, the new ecosystem is formed by interactions of stakeholders in the following dimensions and their sub-dimensions: transparency, engagement, legal, technical, social, and economic. These relationships are characterized by the most important requisites and public policy choices affecting the data analytics ecosystem together with the key phases and activities of the data analytics lifecycle. The findings should contribute to relevant initiatives, strategies, and policies and their effective implementation.     

研究数据管理服务框架研究与构建:以北京大学为例

[目的/意义]通过数据驱动研究的海内外环境扫描,研究数据管理服务的国内外进展,提出研究数据管理服务框架和服务研究生命周期的建议,并以北京大学图书馆的实践为例,为高校与科研机构提供研究数据管理服务、推动数据驱动研究提供研究与实践参考经验。[方法/过程]调研国内外数据驱动研究现状和趋势,分析研究数据管理服务国内外发展情况,指出研究数据管理服务的重要性。通过对用户调查和QS排名前50名的大学服务的调研,总结服务需求。根据数据驱动研究范式特点和研究者需求,依据国家、国际组织、资助机构和科研机构的数据政策要求,基于研究数据生命周期需要服务于研究生命周期,提出研究数据管理服务框架设计。介绍北京大学研究数据管理服务框架体系建设经验,为研究数据管理服务框架体系建设提供建议。[结果/结论]基于需求调研设计支持学术交流全过程的研究数据管理服务框架,研究数据管理服务应包括：数据管理计划、数据服务、数据管理、数据素养、长期保存和数据政策等。在该框架下北京大学图书馆从多方面开展研究数据服务实践,为高校与科研机构建设研究数据管理服务提供有价值的参考经验。     

中学英语教学中相异构想的成因与纠正

语言学习是一个不断掌握新知识的过程,学生对新知识的理解和掌握是建立在原有知识和经验的基础之上的。然而,有时候由于原有知识的局限性,会与新知识产生;中突,从而阻碍学习者理解和接受新知识。相异构想就是学生原有的知识与科学知识不一致的认识,它对学生学习英语产生较大的负面影响。本文阐述了什么是相异构想、它的成因和特点,在此基础上提出了纠正学生相异构想的建议,以提高教师教和学生学的质量和效果。     

教育公平视域下南非成人学习政策探究

在学习是每一个人基本权利的理念指导下,南非政府致力于从政策的理念设计、发展规划、实施部门和质量框架等方面入手,构建了较为完善的成人学习政策体系。在相关政策的推动下,南非在成人基础教育与培训、继续教育与培训以及工作场所学习领域得到了一定发展。以教育公平为核心的南非成人学习政策体现了对学习权力的尊重、对部门合作的重视及对多样化学习方式的关注,有效推动了南非学习型社会的建设。     

A preliminary mapping of individual,relational, and social factors that impede disclosure of childhood sexual abuse

Uncovering the pathways to disclosures of child sexual abuse (CSA) and the factors influencing the willingness of victims to talk about the abuse is paramount to the development of powerful practice and policy initiatives. Framed as a long interview method utilizing a grounded theory approach to analyze data, the objective of the current study was to provide a preliminary mapping of the barriers to CSA disclosures through an ecological systemic lens, from a sample of 67 male and female CSA adult survivors, all of whom had recently received counselling services. The current project led to the identification of three broad categories of barriers that were each comprised of several subthemes, namely: Barriers from Within (internalized victim-blaming, mechanisms to protect oneself, and immature development at time of abuse); Barriers in Relation to Others (violence and dysfunction in the family, power dynamics, awareness of the impact of telling, and fragile social network); and Barriers in Relation to the Social World (labelling, taboo of sexuality, lack of services available, and culture or time period). This study points to the importance of using a broad ecological framework to understand the factors that inhibit disclosure of CSA, as barriers to disclosure do not constrain solely the victims. Results are discussed in light of their implications for research, prevention and intervention programs, and social policies and media campaigns, as the burden is on the larger community to create a climate of safety and transparency that makes the telling of CSA possible.     

国外海岸带韧性研究进展及其对中国的启示

海岸带韧性可为沿海地区应对全球气候变化与人类活动压力的复合风险提供新的理论源泉和分析视角,对保障沿海地区可持续发展安全具有重要意义.本文在解析海岸带韧性概念内涵的基础上,剖析了以社会生态系统、复杂适应系统等理论为支撑的海岸带韧性理论框架,比较了现有4类评价方法,进而厘清了要素型、过程型和复合型3类评价指标体系的特点,阐...     

An evaluation framework for cross-lingual link discovery

Cross-Lingual Link Discovery (CLLD) is a new problem in Information Retrieval. The aim is to automatically identify meaningful and relevant hypertext links between documents in different languages. This is particularly helpful in knowledge discovery if a multi-lingual knowledge base is sparse in one language or another, or the topical coverage in each language is different; such is the case with Wikipedia. Techniques for identifying new and topically relevant cross-lingual links are a current topic of interest at NTCIR where the CrossLink task has been running since the 2011 NTCIR-9. This paper presents the evaluation framework for benchmarking algorithms for cross-lingual link discovery evaluated in the context of NTCIR-9.     

基于科学的创新：研究回顾与展望

基于科学的创新是指强烈依赖于科学进展、由前沿科学知识推动的产业技术创新,包含了新想法的产生、研究、开发、试制、生产制造和首次商业化的全过程。时至今日,基于科学的创新受到了西方学者的重点关注,他们围绕西方情境进行了大量的理论探讨与实证检验。但由于研究比较分散,研究视角、层次、问题的差异,特别是缺乏系统的文献梳理,导致这一创新范式在国内还没有得到足够的关注和讨论。因此,本文采用系统性文献综述法,对国内外相关文献进行检索,共识别出英文文献258篇、中文文献52篇。基于这些文献,本文全面梳理了国内外基于科学的创新的研究脉络,包括相关概念、特征、过程与模式以及创新范式的演进。同时,本文从创新维和企业维梳理了基于科学的创新知识框架。最后,本文提出了未来潜在的研究方向,以期为后续研究提供参考。