基于前瞻性时空重排扫描的蚌埠市新冠肺炎疫情预警模型

为研究地级市市域使用前瞻性时空重排扫描统计量分析模型对探测新冠肺炎疫情潜在的暴发区进行预警的可行性,利用前瞻性时空扫描模型分析软件SaTScan 9.6及地理信息可视化表达软件ArcGIS 10.8对安徽省蚌埠市2020年1月23日至2月23日新冠肺炎疫情进行逐日模拟监测预警;通过时空重排扫描分析,探测出4个集簇,其中非随机性显著的集簇2个,包含怀远县全域20个乡镇、固镇县3个乡镇、蚌埠市区17个街道及开发区,其中第1集簇为低聚集区,涵盖1个街道,复现间隔15天;第2集簇为高聚集区,涵盖34个乡镇街道及开发区,复现间隔11天;蚌埠市禹会区、淮上区、蚌山区若干街道及怀远县全域为下一阶段新冠疫情空间聚集强预警的重点区域,前瞻性时空重排扫描分析可应用于地级市疫情防控应急响应检测预警。     

新冠肺炎疫情影响下中国职业体育的运营策略 ——基于CAS理论

新冠肺炎疫情让我国职业体育系统各主体深受影响,职业体育俱乐部运动员训练竞赛被迫中断、外援合同违约等内部矛盾凸显;体育观众注意力外流,收视份额大幅下降;赞助企业宣传效果不及预期,相关纠纷风险加大;转播媒体缺失赛事资源供给,载体价值缩水。CAS理论认为系统内各主体具有主动性、适应性,通过各主体间的相互作用和相互适应,会演化出新的复杂系统以适应环境变化。该理论适用于当下我国职业体育运营问题研究。指出,要摆脱当前运营困境,我国职业体育系统应重点围绕政府引导、职业体育管理者统一认识、赛事疫情防控、电视网络媒体开发、观众需求激发五个方面展开工作,充分发挥政府引导功能,做好相关政策保障;做好目标定位,深化合作共赢思想;严抓赛事举办各环节的疫情防控;大力发展“互联网+”与“体育+”融合模式;重视大众对职业体育的需求与诉求。旨在为我国职业体育复工复产投入运营提供参考。     

Causal Inference and COVID: Contrasting Methods for Evaluating Pandemic Impacts Using State Assessments

In the spring of 2021, just 1 year after schools were forced to close for COVID-19, state assessments were administered at great expense to provide data about impacts of the pandemic on student learning and to help target resources where they were most needed. Using state assessment data from Colorado, this article describes the biggest threats to making valid inferences about student learning to study pandemic impacts using state assessment data: measurement artifacts affecting the comparability of scores, secular trends, and changes in the tested population. The article compares three statistical approaches (the Fair Trend, baseline student growth percentiles, and multiple regression with demographic covariates) that can support more valid inferences about student learning during the pandemic and in other scenarios in which the tested population changes over time. All three approaches lead to similar inferences about statewide student performance but can lead to very different inferences about student subgroups. Results show that controlling statistically for prepandemic demographic differences can reverse the conclusions about groups most affected by the pandemic and decisions about prioritizing resources.     

An exploratory investigation into the factors related to EdTech use among Kenyan girls

This paper contributes to the scarce literature on factors affecting EdTech use in households. These factors were considered through exploratory mixed-methods analyses of cross-sectional data on Kenyan girls and caregivers, captured during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative analysis of the child dataset (n = 544) suggested the importance of both structural factors—such as technology hardware availability—and non-structural factors—including caregiver permission. Findings were supported by a thematic analysis of interview data from girls' caregivers (n = 58), which emphasised the role they play in girls' use of EdTech. Interviews also highlighted numerous caregiver concerns with EdTech, related to the relevance and rigour of educational content, the possibility of children accessing age-inappropriate material and child health (especially eyesight). Policy makers could alleviate these concerns by providing guidance on EdTech use and clearly signalling their approval of verified initiatives.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• EdTech can benefit girls' education, yet there are various barriers to it being used.
• Existing research shows clearly that EdTech use can be impeded by structural factors (eg, hardware ownership).
• However, we find insufficient empirical evidence on the role of non-structural or behavioural factors.

What this paper adds

• This paper addresses this gap, using a mixed-methods approach to explore the influence of 33 different measures (including non-structural factors) that could affect the number of hours girls spend using EdTech at home.
• Findings from a quantitative sample of girls (n = 544) and a qualitative sample of girls' caregivers (n = 58) highlighted the importance of non-structural factors, especially caregiver permission.
• The variable most strongly associated with girls' EdTech usage in our selected quantitative model concerned whether this was sanctioned by their caregivers.
• Our qualitative data suggested why caregiver permission to use EdTech might be withheld: caregivers emphasised perceived concerns about the risks and rigour of EdTech.

Implications for practice and/or policy

• Our findings suggest the viability of policy interventions that provide EdTech guidance to caregivers.
• Caregivers uncertain about EdTech could be reassured of the appropriateness of verified initiatives, while those already convinced might be aided in their attempts to support EdTech learning.
• Such guidance could provide a low-cost means of further exploiting the benefits that household EdTech learning can provide.

     

后疫情时代的跨文化交流:历史教育应有何作为

新冠肺炎疫情导致的国际冲突昭示着跨文化交流的重要性,历史教育对此应有所作为。历史教育的功能一直在与时俱进,内涵不断丰富,从以史为鉴到国家认同,再到国际理解。在信息时代,全球化和文化多样性并存,历史教育应再度进行调整。跨文化知识是跨文化交流的基础,历史教育应建构出整体的世界史叙事、均衡的世界史框架,形成合理、深刻的跨文化知识体系。跨文化交流与历史教育在认识论和方法论层面存在高度的一致,它们都致力研究面对和处理差异的智慧,跨文化交流与历史思维都是后天养成的,跨文化交流与历史思维均须克服自我中心主义。历史教育所着力培养的理解能力,正是跨文化交流所亟需的共情能力。历史教育要想不被时代淘汰,只能直面挑战,调整自我。     

Double lock of a potent human therapeutic monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2

Receptor recognition and subsequent membrane fusion are essential for the establishment of successful infection by SARS-CoV-2. Halting these steps can cure COVID-19. Here we have identified and characterized a potent human monoclonal antibody, HB27, that blocks SARS-CoV-2 attachment to its cellular receptor at sub-nM concentrations. Remarkably, HB27 can also prevent SARS-CoV-2 membrane fusion. Consequently, a single dose of HB27 conferred effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 in two established mouse models. Rhesus macaques showed no obvious adverse events when administrated with 10 times the effective dose of HB27. Cryo-EM studies on complex of SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S with HB27 Fab reveal that three Fab fragments work synergistically to occlude SARS-CoV-2 from binding to the ACE2 receptor. Binding of the antibody also restrains any further conformational changes of the receptor binding domain, possibly interfering with progression from the prefusion to the postfusion stage. These results suggest that HB27 is a promising candidate for immuno-therapies against COVID-19.     

十九大以来关于党的自我革命研究综述

十九大以来,党的自我革命成为学界的研究热点,取得了丰硕的研究成果。文章围绕这部分研究成果的基本概况以及研究内容进行了梳理和总结,指出了当前研究存在的不足,并对未来的研究重点进行了展望,以期为自我革命研究的进一步深化提供参考。     

Evolving strategies in whirlwind mode: The changing face of anatomy education during Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic stipulated adoption of unfamiliar strategies for delivering anatomy education in online mode. The factors which determine education strategies are variable across geographical regions. It was perceived that an overview of education strategies around the globe would be useful for anatomists. Hence this narrative review was undertaken to collate observations from different geographical regions pertaining to education strategies adopted during the pandemic. Data relevant to the topic of study were extracted from 12 articles that were selected from an initial pool of 317 articles based on search criteria set for the review. Subtle differences in core education strategies implied that baseline response from anatomists was similar across regions. It was evident that online digital tools were key elements of education strategies adopted by educators for delivering online anatomy classes across the globe. Interestingly, a considerable gap in terms of number and variety of online tools used for anatomy education (those requiring commercial purchase) was noted between economically developed and developing regions. This may have an impact on learning outcome for students and may even lead to variations in anatomical knowledge by regions. It was observed that offline human dissection sessions were incorporated into online practical classes in one region as positive cases showed a declining trend. This positive development is worth emulating elsewhere based on cautious assessment of prevailing situation. From a broad perspective timely introduction of education strategies ensured delivery of anatomy education during the pandemic and gave an evolved outlook to the fabric of anatomy education.