韩国体育发展模式探究

对韩国体育发展的基本情况及其发展模式形成的历史背景进行了简要概括,在此基础上对韩国体育基本组织的功能和作用进行了细致分析。研究发现,基于特定的历史背景和特殊的发展诉求,韩国体育发展模式既具有＂举国体制＂的优点,又具有职业化体育的特点,是一种混合式的体育发展模式。     

A true original

Abstract

This study analyzes Japanese and Korean ethno-national (minzoku-kokumin) education in postwar Japan. During a period of political unrest in Japan (1945–1955), some of the Korean residents and Japanese worked together to overcome the culture of Imperial Japan and its assimilative education. They also regarded themselves as people colonized by the United States, and pursued a political-cultural movement for their liberation and independence from American imperialism. The Koreans in Japan rejected compulsory education in the Japanese language. As a result, since 1956, Korean schools (Chōsengakkō), funded and supported by North Korea, were founded all across Japan. Their ethno-national education was in fact incorporated into North Korean politics, and has been considered in many studies as having overcome Japanese assimilation and ethnic inequalities. Such a view was a result of many academic Zainichi Korean studies that come from an “insider's perspective” to criticize Japanese colonialism and discrimination. In order to go beyond this insider's view, I focus on the political alliance between Zainichi Koreans and the Japanese people in their pursuit of ethno-national education. Since 2010, the Japanese state funding for Korean schools has become a major controversy in Japan. By tracing the historical background, this article intends to explain why this political issue has arisen. The ultimate purpose of this article is to suggest an ethical perspective to resolve the current political conflict regarding Korean schools in Japan.     

谈韩国科学高级中学的若干特点

韩国首个以服务于数学和科学超常生的京畿道科学高级中学自1983年成立以来,至今已经发展到19所。韩国的科学高级中学具有若干特点,如严格的入学要求、提供两类特别的课程、培养学生的创造力、对国际奥林匹克竞赛的重视和注重学生的全面发展等。韩国的科学高级中学已经在韩国和国际上产生了一定的影响,它们的一些做法对于我国的英才教育会有一定的启发。     

The trend of body donation for education based on Korean social and religious culture

Until a century ago, Korean medicine was based mainly on Oriental philosophies and ideas. From a religious perspective, Chinese Confucianism was prevalent in Korea at that time. Since Confucianists believe that it is against one's filial duty to harm his or her body, given to them by their parents, most Koreans did not donate their bodies or organs for education in the past. However, by the end of the 20th century, a unique fusion of Western and Oriental medicines were produced on the Korean Peninsula, revolutionizing traditional perspectives on the human body, mortality, and the relationship of medical science to society. Koreans began to think about others' lives as well as their own by realizing the importance of donating one's organs and bodies for scientific purposes. Since then, the number of people donating their bodies to Korean medical and dental schools for the purpose of improving academic learning has increased dramatically. In response, Korean medical schools have begun to hold various types of funeral ceremonies to honor body donors. We have compared such ceremonies performed in Korea with those performed in the United States of America and Taiwan. These ceremonies are viewed as a suitable way to pay proper respect to the dead and to promote knowledge about body donation programs in Korea. Overall, the transition of religions and social ethics in Korea has greatly facilitated body bequeathal programs, benefiting both medical education and the Korean public health administration.     

中、韩射箭项目青少年培养体系的比较分析

在广州亚运会上,韩国队再一次包揽全部射箭项目4枚金牌,霸主地位不可动摇。为什么韩国射箭运动长盛不衰,一代又一代神箭手将荣誉保持多少年?通过综合文献资料数据以及同专家和教练员的访谈等,详解中、韩两国射箭青少年培养体系,从后备人才的数量、培养途径、梯队建设、成材率、训练和竞赛体制以及相关的信息等方面进行分析和总结,从中提炼出不同的特点以及我们可以借鉴的经验,希望将来对我国射箭运动的发展有所帮助。     

How do congressional members appear on the web? Tracking the web visibility of South Korean politicians

The web visibility of politicians has substantial implications for the internet and politics. In this regard, the present paper examines the web visibility of South Korea's 18th National Assembly members. This study identifies those members with the highest web visibility and determines the factors affecting their web visibility by using a set of socio-demographic variables indicating web visibility. The concept of web visibility is operationally defined as the number of web mentions of each congressional member. Web mentions of the name of each congressional member were collected across many platforms, including blogs, images, news, and websites, by using a Naver search tool based on the API, and relationships between the web visibility of the members and their socio-demographic attributes (their gender, age, term, constituency, and party affiliation) were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis, Median, and Mann–Whitney U tests. The most visible politicians in the Korean webosphere had highly qualified political careers and prominence, and the difference in politicians' web visibility depended on their political attributes (their term, constituency, and party), not on their demographic attributes (their gender and age). These findings suggest that politicians who build political power and influence through their political career in the offline world are likely to be more visible in the webosphere. Further, an integrated indicator based on politicians' web visibility status can reflect their “ubiquitous presence” in Korea's digitalized society.     

The evolution of the policy objectives of South Korea's Broadband Convergence Network from 2004 to 2007

The purpose of this study is to explore the South Korean government's policy objectives for the Broadband Convergence Network (BcN) between 2004 and 2007. The BcN is envisioned as conduit for broadband content and applications. This paper uses generativity as a conceptual framework to determine whether the objectives for the BcN, based on a content analysis of policy documents and interviews with experts, empowered the network to sustain a generative critical information infrastructure. This study is designed to be useful for executives in the private sector, officials in government and academics in university settings who are interested in drawing insights from Korean experience to inform their own work.     

韩国技术水平评价方法分析及启示

近年来,技术水平评价作为制定研发投入的基础性工作得到世界各国的重视。尤其是韩国科学技术评价院(KISTEP)每两年一次以国家战略技术为对象实施技术水平评价,其评价结果得到广泛认可。考察韩国技术水平评价实施情况,为我国开展技术水平评价工作提供具有操作性的参考。通过网络调研法和案例分析法,从评价实施机构和历程的纵向、横向两方面梳理韩国技术水平评价的实施情况,从评价方法完善视角分析总结韩国技术水平评价方法的实施经验。韩国通过立法保障评价工作定期且长期实施,建立评价结果相关信息的共享平台,加强定性分析与定量分析结合,不断完善评价方法,形成自身特色的技术水平评价体系,有助于我国改进和完善技术水平评价方法,健全技术水平评价体系。     

韩国技术水平评估方法分析及启示

韩国政府机构的各类技术水平评估具有共性特征:目的是评估韩国各领域中长期研发计划中的核心技术,了解与主要竞争对手的技术水平差距并制定有针对性的研发战略,为国家制定中长期研发战略和投入优先顺序提供依据;主要评估对象为美国、欧盟、中国、日本、韩国;评估内容为技术水平、技术差距及其原因等;评估方法主要是德尔菲法和论文/专利分析法。以韩国科学技术评价院为例,其每两年一次对国家战略技术进行技术水平评估,实施体系由运营委员会、评估委员和综合支撑小组构成,采取选定核心专家实行5年任期制,增加活动力、技术力指标和活跃度、吸引力指数等改进措施。研究得到对我国改进和完善技术水平评估方法、健全技术水平评估体系的启示:通过相关立法为技术水平评估、技术预见提供依据和法律保障;定期、长期开展国家层面技术水平评估和监测;关注技术水平前瞻评估和评估方法优化改善;加强定性定量分析相结合以及评估结果信息公开共享等。     

谁在主导中日韩的国际科学合作?

[目的/意义]为了探究中日韩的国际科学合作中的主导地位及变化趋势。[方法/过程]以"中日"、"中韩"和"中日韩"国际论文合著现象为分析对象,通过科学计量的方法和手段,从重要作者、高影响力论文和资助者三个维度来分析近40年来中日韩科学合作背后的主导力量。[结果/结论]研究结果发现中日科学合作呈现出日本主导趋势由强到弱,而中国主导趋势渐强并超过日本;中韩科学合作呈现双方共同主导的特征;在三国合作中,中国主导的论文影响力较强,但随着论文影响力的增大,中国显示出的主导优势却在减弱;中国作为科研资助者极大地推动了三国的科学合作。