“务去陈言”与“归本大中”——论韩柳古文“明道”方式的差异

韩愈与柳宗元古文的“明道”方式存在明显差异,韩文追求以不落陈俗、特立无匹的精神艺术个性来发明儒道,其所标举的“陈言务去”,并非仅仅体现于语言的创新,而是反映了其古文创作追求鲜明艺术个性的基本旨趣;柳宗元的古文并不刻意追求自异于众的艺术个性,而是以兼容众长、归本大中的旨趣发明儒道。“明道”方式的差异使韩柳在如何学习前代艺术,如何对待骈俪之文等问题上,表现出不同的态度。韩柳的分歧源于其“道”论的差异,韩愈着力从开启主体道德自觉与智慧的角度发明儒道,他深刻地继承了孔子仁学注重主体之开启的理论追求,柳宗元则更多地关注对儒道之普遍性原则的探索。明道方式的差异在韩柳的古文艺术中有丰富的呈现,韩文善于以丰富的情事和生动独创的语言与艺术手法发明儒家的人伦之道,较少在义理上探幽入微;柳文则更富于思辨性。     

陶行知体育思想研究

陶行知的体育思想是其教育思想的重要组成部分。（１）体育思想具有鲜明的爱国物色和时代特征;（２）学校体育内容具有革新精神;（３）对实施学校体育的途径、手段与措施作了可贵的探索和实践。在今天陶行知的体育思想仍值得我们研究与借鉴     

A Tribute to Two Humanistic Educators in China: Lu Jie and Tao Xingzhi

On the December 25, 2020, Prof. Lu Jie, the Emeritus Professor and former Dean of the Faculty of Education at Nanjing Normal University passed away. The sudden news struck me and recalled my nearly 30 years’ friendship with Prof. Lu since 1991, stirring up also my memories of pre-1949 Christian colleges of China, and the promotion of “education of love” at Ginling College and Nanjing Normal University, from the time of Prof. Wu Yifang, Prof. Minnie Vautrin, Prof. Tao Xingzhi and Prof. Lu Jie. In this paper, I shall recall the various meetings with Prof. Lu Jie, and how her life has inspired my re-thinking of the development of “education of love” in China. I shall relate especially her humanistic educational ideals, especially the “education for life” and “cultivating human beings” with Prof. Tao Xingzhi’s “education of love.” Their educational ideals reflected the humanistic education taught at the University of Nanking and Ginling College in the first half of 20th century China. Though the two colleges had brought in a Western style of education, they had exemplified good models of indigenization, especially regarding how humanistic education could become Sinifized in Chinese soil today.