大学生就业的“非理性”动机与对策研究

大学生就业难并非完全取决于自身实力不济,而往往在于大学生就业时存在着“非理性”动机.大学生就业“非理性”动机主要表现为“兴趣至上论”“职位饱和论”以及“金钱唯上论”.文章在分析大学生就业“非理性”动机产生原因后,力求找到克服就业“非理性”动机的取胜之匙.     

中国英语学习者态度、动机和成绩的结构方程建模研究

通过结构方程建模,探讨中国英语学习者态度、动机和英语成绩的关系.对598名研究对象采用态度-动机量表评估其学习态度、学习动机、语言焦虑状况和英语成绩.对结果进行路径分析,发现融入型、对教学环境的态度和工具型导向对学习动机有正向直接效应;学习动机对英语成绩有正向直接效应;教学环境的态度和语言焦虑对英语成绩有负向直接效应.通过具体实例介绍语言学研究中结构方程建模和模型评价的一般过程.     

Understanding and supporting the motivation of students from low-income families

Motivational development in low-income adolescents has been insufficiently studied, due to the difficulties involved in accessing the target population. Nevertheless, previous research suggests that some specific developmental patterns might be particular to this group. On the basis of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and using latent growth modeling (LGM), we investigated the trajectories of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in low-income students during adolescence, and we identified the role of parents, teachers, and classmates in determining these trajectories. The participants were 228 adolescents (M_age = 12.8; SD_age = 1.74; 43.4% girls; 17.1% immigrants) officially certified by the Italian government as being below the poverty threshold. Data was collected by means of a four-wave research design over a period of two years.Our findings revealed a significant drop in levels of identified regulation over time, while all other forms of motivation, including intrinsic motivation, remained stable during the period considered. Low-income students therefore appear to experience a specific form of motivational decline during adolescence, so that they perceive studying as being less and less meaningful in relation to their goals, values and identities. This decline is even more pronounced for second-generation and male low-income adolescents.However, parents and teachers were significant predictors of identified regulation at each point in time, suggesting that their support for autonomy fosters identified regulation throughout adolescence. As regards the role of classmates, peer acceptance appears to support identified regulation, while having many friendships seems to have a negative impact on this kind of motivation.     

Effects of bicultural competence and racial identity on intrinsic motivation: The mediating role of belonging to Native American tribal colleges

Since the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, Native Americans (NA) have experienced historical trauma (Brave Heart & DeBruyn, 1998). However, sources of socio-cultural resilience continue to exist within this population (Kirmayer et al., 2011). Rather than pathologize NAs, we attempt to better understand the implications of their sources of socio-cultural resilience. We sought to examine how bicultural competence and racial identity affect intrinsic motivation and how these relationships are mediated by a sense of belonging. Self-reported data for this study was gathered from a sample of NAs (N = 219) attending a tribal college. Results suggest that bicultural competence and the racial identity dimensions of racial centrality and private regard are related to intrinsic motivation, and these relationships are mediated by a sense of belonging. These findings suggest that tribal colleges are a likely source of socio-cultural resilience, facilitating success for NAs in an ever-changing world.     

浅谈课堂学习环境对高职学生英语学习动机的影响

英语学习动机表现为渴求英语学习的强烈愿望和求知欲,它是直接推动英语学习的一种内部动因,是学习者在英语学习活动中的一种自觉能动性和积极性的心理状态。有动机的英语学习,效果不言而喻,而没有动机的英语学习,往往把英语学习当成一种负担,学习效果不佳。影响英语学习动机的因素众多,从历史文化背景到学生自己的内在因素,都和英语学习动机有着密切的关系。本文就学生最熟悉的课堂谈谈课堂学习环境对高职学生英语学习动机的重要影响。     

上市公司自愿性社会责任信息披露动因与效应的关系研究

目前,我国上市公司信息披露仍以强制性的财务信息公开披露为主,有关社会责任的非财务信息以自愿性披露为主.然而大部分上市公司自愿披露信息的动力严重不足.针对这一问题,本文基于合法性及利益相关者的视角,采用内容分析法将企业自愿性信息披露的动因归于员工、股东、政府以及公众四类主要利益相关者的诉求,同时进一步研究了自愿性信息披露的动因与效应之间的关系.研究发现满足四类利益相关者的诉求可以提升公司的声誉及财务绩效,这对加强公司自愿披露社会责任信息的动力有很大的现实意义.     

营造激发儿童英语学习动机的课堂环境

英语学习效果的优劣与英语学习的动机有着必然的联系。在日常的英语教学中,要想获得更好的英语学习效果,积极地营造能够激发学生英语学习动机的课堂环境至关重要,明确影响动机的各方面因素之后,本文根据Skehan的四种有关动机的理论假设,从综合型动机,工具型动机,兴趣和自主性以及任务难度方面,用一节牛津英语小学六年级的课堂设计方案对各方面的因素如何在实际教学中融入课堂环境加以说明。     

城市职业女性健身动机及锻炼心理效应分析

采用“职业女性健身动机调查量表”、“主观幸福感量表”,测查城市职业女性的健身动机、主观幸福感。结果表明院职业女性参与健身的动机以生理需要、美的需要和心理调适的需要为主;经常参与健身的职业女性总体幸福感水平较高,表明其生活质量优于不经常参与锻炼者。     

高校网络集群行为动因分析

基于新时期网络对高校学生群体从价值观到生活学习习惯的全面渗透、深刻影响,高校网络集群行为的产生成为一种必然。本文集中针对不同的高校网络集群行为动因,提出教育管理者的干预方式和参与手段,以达到弘扬高校核心价值观、提高教育管理有效性的目的。     

创新自我效能感对员工创新行为的影响机制研究

探究创新自我效能感对员工创新行为的影响机制是回答"如何激发员工创新行为"问题的新视角。本文以社会认知理论为基础,在创新自我效能与员工创新行为关系中引入了成就动机与工作卷入两个变量,构建了创新自我效能感通过成就动机和工作卷入的中介作用影响员工创新行为的理论假设模型。通过对企业员工的大样本问卷调查,利用478份有效问卷实证检验了理论假设模型,结果发现:创新自我效能感不仅对员工创新行为有直接影响,还通过成就动机和工作卷入的中介作用间接影响员工创新行为。这是中国情景下的开拓性研究,揭开了创新自我效能感对员工创新行为的影响机制这一"黑箱"。