Listening to Mothers II: Report of the Second National U.S. Survey of Women's Childbearing Experiences: Conducted January–February 2006 for Childbirth Connection by Harris Interactive? in partnership with Lamaze International*

With permission from Childbirth Connection, the “Executive Summary” for the Listening to Mothers II survey is reprinted, here. The landmark Listening to Mothers I report, published in 2002, described the first national U.S. survey of women''s maternity experiences. It offered an unprecedented opportunity to understand attitudes, feelings, knowledge, use of obstetric practices, outcomes, and other dimensions of the maternity experience. Listening to Mothers II, a national survey of U.S. women who gave birth in 2005 that was published in 2006, continues to break new ground. Although continuing to document many core items measured in the first survey, the second survey includes much new content, exploring earlier topics in greater depth, as well as some new and timely topics.     

A repeated-measures examination of organizational stressors,perceived psychological and physical health,and perceived performance in semi-elite athletes

ABSTRACT

Organizational stressors can undermine the psychological well-being and performance of athletes. Less is known, however, about how these relationships unfold over time and whether organizational stressors can impact upon perceived physical health. The current study, therefore, used a repeated-measures design to examine relationships between organizational stressors with components of perceived psychological (anxiety and depression) and physical (illness symptoms and missed training days via illness) ill-health, and perceived performance at the within-person level. Twenty-three semi-elite female rowers completed monthly measures of study variables for six-months. Multilevel models indicated that selection-related stressors positively predicted symptoms of perceived psychological and physical ill-health, and negatively predicted perceived performance. Conversely, coaching stressors negatively predicted symptoms of perceived psychological ill-health. Logistics and operations stressors positively predicted perceived performance, whereas goals and development stressors negatively predicted perceived performance. These findings demonstrate for the first time that, with a repeated-measures design, organizational stressors can predict components of perceived physical and psychological ill-health, and perceived performance at the within-person level in athletes. From a practical perspective, practitioners should incorporate these findings when diagnosing the need for, developing, and optimally implementing primary and secondary stress management interventions.     

高校体育教师的心理挫折及消除方法

体育教师是学校体育工作的具体执行者和组织者,体育教师的社会地位不高,工作条件比较艰苦,造成了体育教师比其它专业教师更多的心理挫折。只有有效地缓解和消除体育教师的心理挫折,充分调动他们的工作热情和积极性,才能进一步加强学校体育工作,继续深化学校体育改革。     

试论宋代杜诗“沉郁顿挫”论的生成与内涵

有关杜甫诗歌风格的“沉郁顿挫”论,主要是在两宋时期生成,其主要内涵,是“沉郁”之艺术境界——深沉、浑厚、壮阔,与“顿挫”之艺术表现——抑扬、跌宕、逆折,二者之兼容。有宋一代众多的诗话,对此皆结合杜诗的创作,加以论证。而杜诗风格“沉郁顿挫”论的定型,也在此后的杜诗学发展史上产生了深远的影响。     

不同运动干预方案对大学生抑郁症患者的影响研究*

目的:探讨不同运动干预方案对大学生抑郁症患者的作用.方法:将60名大学生抑郁症患者随机分成三组,设计不同方式、情景、时间长度的运动方案进行干预,全长24周.结果:运动对睡眠障碍因子存在明显的干预效果(p＜0.01),喜欢组与非喜欢组差异显著(p＜0.05),集体运动组疗效低于独自运动组(p＜0.05),不同的运动炼情景治疗效果不同(p＜0.05),停止运动,抑郁评分出现回升(p＜0.05).结论:运动对每一个抑郁因子都存在干预效果;制定运动方案时尽量安排集体性的运动方式以及竞争性的运动情景,同时结合特定的喜好开发和调整运动项目会对抑郁患者产生更加有效的干预;抑郁的降低程度与运动方案持续的时间有关,短期锻炼效果不大.