基于OBE理念,构建通识教育课程教学与评估体系——以清华大学为例

国内高校积极探索实现通识教育的路径已有多年,但其效果在一定程度上仍然受到质疑。课程是实现通识教育的主要载体,清华大学在探索构建通识教育课程体系过程中,尝试性地采用了工科教育中广泛使用的成效基准教育理念与能力导向课程设计来分析当前我国大学通识教育的课程建设,指出通识教育众课程与通识教育目标之间欠缺逻辑对应的普遍性问题。本文重点介绍了清华大学通识教育课程建设中的困惑和设想,探讨了如何锚定与对应课程与能力目标之间的逻辑关系。本文建议高校在通识教育初建阶段将引入OBE框架以及能力导向课程设计理念可作为一种选择,此举有助于厘清大学通识教育在本科教育中的定位与通识课程之间的逻辑和结构关系。     

从应用理科到“新工科”

当前高等教育"新工科"建设的讨论中,从"应用理科"延伸出"新工科"被认为是一种可行的方案。本文分析了"理科"和"工科"的关系和区别,并从此角度探讨了由上述方案可能引出的问题及其解决途径。文章指出,从"应用理科"衍生出来的"新工科"在教育教学上必须增加新的工科要素或"基因";其中特别强调了由"创造人所需的有用物"的"工程"定义及其"多源"的综合性质所引发的"设计"与"融合"在教学上的重要性。笔者阐述了北大早年尝试建设新工科的经验教训并对此加以了说明。结合新经济所要求的"四新",文章分析了"融合"在"新产业"中的作用,据此提出了在建设新工科的课程体系中贯彻"融合"的一些原则建议。同时,文章还阐述了实践对新工科教育的重要性,并就"学产研"结合之途做了多方探讨。     

美国高校教育专业图书馆的发展研究

美国教育专业图书馆专门为教师培养提供与课程、教学、政策、技术相关的参考资料和场地,其发展历史是与美国教育史和教育思想发展史紧密地联系在一起的。文章考察了美国教育专业图书馆与美国教育史和教育思想史的互动发展历程,深入分析了教育专业图书馆的阶段性发展特点,为我国深化教育专业图书馆领域的教育配套改革,助力师资队伍建设,提供了有益借鉴。     

College course scarcity and time to degree

College students are taking longer to earn baccalaureate degrees now than ever before, but little is known about institutional factors that may contribute to this trend. In this paper we investigate an important institutional constraint—course scarcity—that we hypothesize may be associated with increased time to degree. We employ a unique administrative dataset from a large, moderately selective, public institution and use an instrumental variables approach, identifying off the random registration times assigned to students. Results suggest that course scarcity does not delay students’ graduation. We explore alternative explanations for our findings and discuss a variety of other factors correlated with time to baccalaureate completion.     

Fake news,fake truth: A new purpose for public schooling

The world is adversely affected by the plethora of easily available fake and misleading information. Public schools are established to help generate responsible citizens.Public schools may have a role to play in addressing the fake news, fake truth problem.     

Disaster philanthropy: Exploring the power and influence of for-profit philanthropy in education development during pandemic times

This article contributes a conceptual analysis of the power and influence of for- profit philanthropy on educational development during pandemic times. Through highlighting for-profit philanthropy, describing its relevance to educational development, and drawing attention to four aspects that are under-examined as for- profit philanthropists enact their philanthropic agendas in response to the COVID- 19 pandemic, disaster philanthropy is presented as a window of opportunity for elite donors to enact changes in public education based on their distinct donor and institutional agendas. Implications for educational development are discussed including shifts in power, definitions and public vs. private returns.     

公共体育场馆功能改造之理论逻辑与现实困境--以洪山体育中心为例

运用实地考察法、问卷调查法、主成分分析法等,对公共体育场馆功能改造的理论逻辑与现实困境进行剖析。认为消费者需求与公共体育场馆功能之间存在相互作用的理论逻辑,据此提出基于消费需求识别的公共体育场馆功能选择路径,以洪山体育中心为例进行实证分析。同时,对当前公共体育场馆功能改造在土地利用、消费场景营造、利益主体参与机制和改造程序等方面面临的现实困境进行总结。提出:创新用地政策,鼓励公共体育场馆进行功能改造;加强公共体育场馆消费场景营造;健全利益主体参与机制;建立健全多部门合作的公共体育场馆功能改造工作机制。     

国立国术体育师范专科学校的产生、发展及启示

国立国术体育师范专科学校基于中西方文化冲突下的文化自觉而产生与发展,受政治、教育、文化等因素影响,引进西方自然主义体育,推崇本土国粹武术,注重军事训练,在发展过程中秉承培育师资和沟通中西方体育的办学目的,形成了完整的学校行政组织,以及课程设置、师资聘用、学生管理等制度,并通过访问和比赛提升社会影响力。对当代学校武术教育的启示体现为:学校武术教育应坚守社会责任担当,为社会培养所需的人才;强化武术文化认同,增强民族文化自信,规避对西方体育文化的依附和模仿;推行多元教育形式联动机制,维系武术教化的过程性。     

校园足球教育改革与实践发展的思考——兼论成立中国（上海）足球教育学院的可行性

以校园足球人才培养为切入点，思考校园足球开展的实质、人才培养与发展出路等问题，探讨成立中国（上海）足球教育学院的必要性、可行性。通过充分整合高校、俱乐部、社会等资源，融合校园足球教育、人才培养、社会接纳三大系统，构建大中小学全覆盖、“一条龙”式的校园足球人才培养体系。     

School context and instructional capacity: A comparative study of professional learning communities in rural and urban schools in China

This study examines the teaching gap between rural and urban schools in China from the perspective of teacher professional learning communities (PLCs). Drawing on in-depth interviews with 36 primary school teachers, the study finds striking disparities between rural and urban schools in the working of Teaching and Research Groups (TRGs). These disparities in TRGs result in divergent patterns of instructional capacity building in rural and urban schools. The evidence shows that teaching and teachers are strongly shaped by the school organizational context. It suggests that strengthening school-wide PLCs is an important way of narrowing the rural-urban teaching and learning gaps.