动态规划算法分析与研究

分析多阶段决策问题,总结动态规划的基本概念、原理以及解题。通过0－1背包问题的具体解题步骤,阐述动态规划算法一般解题思路。并分析常用经典算法在解决最优问题中的差异性,比较各自优缺点,探讨其研究方向。     

主考学校全日制助学班就业服务体系建设的探讨

全日制自考助学班,是目前高等自学考试发展历程中的新兴产物,并日益成为当前自学考试制度改革和完善的主趋势。加强主考学校全日制自考助学班就业服务体系建设,不仅关系到社会稳定、自考制度改革发展的需要,更是关系到自考生的利益。因此,在本文中笔者根据当前全日制助学班就业服务体系存在的问题,对全日制助学班就业服务体系的建设展开探讨。     

管理会计在我国应用中存在的问题及对策

我国自70年代末引进西方管理会计以来,对管理会计的理论与方法进行了较为深入的研究,并在部分企业中进行应用,取得了一些成功的经验。回顾管理会计在我国近几十年的发展历程,无论是对其研究的广度和深度,还是其在实践中的应用程度都难以适应我国市场经挤进一步发展和深化改革的需要。本文拟就管理会计在我国应用中存在的问题及对策提出以下的看法。     

对体育旅游概念的思考

通过对国内外体育旅游概念研究的回顾，找出其中存在的主要问题，并通过对体育旅游及相关概念的分析，结合体育旅游在我国发展的形势及当前我国构建和谐社会，推进全民健身计划的需要，从社会文化的视角重新对其进行解释。     

体育院校学生问题意识的调查与分析

通过调查,分析了当前体育院校学生问题意识的现状及缺乏问题意识的原因,提出了培养体育院校学生问题意识的途径。     

Effects of performance feedback valence on perceptions of invested mental effort

We investigated whether the valence of performance feedback provided after a task, would affect participants’ perceptions of how much mental effort they invested in that same task. In three experiments, we presented participants with problem-solving tasks and manipulated the presence and valence of feedback between conditions (no, positive, or negative feedback valence), prior to asking them to rate how much mental effort they invested in solving that problem. Across the three experiments–with different problem-solving tasks and participant populations–we found that subjective ratings of effort investment were significantly higher after negative than after positive feedback; ratings given without feedback fell in between. These findings show that feedback valence alters perceived effort investment (possibly via task perceptions or affect), which can be problematic when effort is measured as an indicator of cognitive load. Therefore, it seems advisable to measure mental effort directly after each task, before giving feedback on performance.     

Demystifying computational thinking

This paper examines the growing field of computational thinking (CT) in education. A review of the relevant literature shows a diversity in definitions, interventions, assessments, and models. After synthesizing various approaches used to develop the construct in K-16 settings, we have created the following working definition of CT: The conceptual foundation required to solve problems effectively and efficiently (i.e., algorithmically, with or without the assistance of computers) with solutions that are reusable in different contexts. This definition highlights that CT is primarily a way of thinking and acting, which can be exhibited through the use particular skills, which then can become the basis for performance-based assessments of CT skills. Based on the literature, we categorized CT into six main facets: decomposition, abstraction, algorithm design, debugging, iteration, and generalization. This paper shows examples of CT definitions, interventions, assessments, and models across a variety of disciplines, with a call for more extensive research in this area.     

Developing children's conceptual understanding of area measurement: A curriculum and teaching experiment

The present study examined the effectiveness of three instructional treatments which had different combinations of mathematical elements regarding 2-dimensional (2-D) geometry and area measurement for developing 4th-grade children's understanding of the formulas for area measurement and their ability to solve area measurement problems. Participants were 120 fourth graders. The results showed that the enriched curriculum, involving the geometry motions and area measurement connections effectively facilitated children's mathematical judgments and explanations demanding high-level conceptual understanding. The instructional curricula accentuating only 2-D geometry or numerical calculations for area measurement did not exhibit such effectiveness. Interview data revealed that the geometric operations of superimposition, decomposition, re-composition as well as the concept of congruence were deemed essential by children for the conceptualization of the formulas for area measurement.     

Consecutive Successes: A Recursive Approach

This article illustrates the importance of one's initial thoughts in problem solving through an entertaining example.     

高职学生党建工作存在的突出问题及发展对策思考

高等职业技术教育是近年来迅速发展起来的一种高等教育新形式。新形势下,高职学生党建受高等教育大众化和市场经济深入发展的影响,存在一些突出问题,必须站在战略和全局的高度,从创新工作观念、完善工作制度、健全工作机构、丰富工作内容等方面切实采取有效措施,创造性地解决存在的问题。