社会越轨行为视野下的足球球迷骚乱分析

以社会越轨行为的三种主流学说--违反规范学说、建构学说、开放学说为理论基础,对近8年来国内的一般球迷骚乱事件为研究对象,从而分析球迷骚乱事件频繁发生的深层诱因。研究结论显示:裁判不公与执法不力、比赛中的腐败现象、社会压力、狭隘民族主义、文化偏见、媒体的负面影响、比赛地点、民族历史冲突及其双方交战历史等都是引发足球球迷骚乱的诱因。     

Assessing the links between punitive parenting,peer deviance,social isolation and bullying perpetration and victimization in South Korean adolescents

Children who are abused at home are at an increased risk of bullying perpetration and bullying victimization. Within that context, the purpose of the present study was to test Agnew’s general strain theory and the peer deviancy training hypothesis by utilizing structural equation modeling to empirically examine pathways linking punitive parenting to bullying perpetration and bullying victimization. This study adds to the literature in two important ways. First, potential mediating linkages between punitive parenting and bullying perpetration and bullying victimization were examined, including socially withdrawn behavior and deviant peer affiliation. Second, these relationships were considered in a longitudinal sample of South Korean adolescents, which is a novel examination given that parenting in South Korea is guided largely by Confucianism which reinforces parental control, restrictiveness, and a punitive nature. Results indicate that: (1) punitive parenting is directly related to bullying perpetration but not bullying victimization; (2) punitive parenting was found to have indirect effects only on bullying perpetration; (3) deviant peer affiliation increased the likelihood of bullying perpetration and victimization; and (4) socially withdrawn behavior only affected bullying perpetration via its effect on deviant peer affiliation.     

Children involved in bullying at elementary school age: their psychiatric symptoms and deviance in adolescence. An epidemiological sample

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated psychiatric symptoms and deviance at the age of 15 years among children involved in bullying at the age of 8 years or at the age of 12 years. Furthermore, the relationships between involvement in bullying at the age of 8 years, concurrent psychiatric deviance, and later psychiatric deviance were studied. METHOD: Questionnaires filled in by the parents, teachers and children themselves were used to reveal psychiatric symptoms and deviance. RESULTS: Children involved in bullying, in particular those who were bully-victims at early elementary school age and those who were victims in their early teens, had more psychiatric symptoms at the age of 15 years. The probability of being deviant at the age of 15 years was higher among children involved in bullying at the age of 8 or 12 years than among non-involved children. When concurrent psychiatric deviance was taken into account, involvement in bullying increased the probability of teacher-defined deviance at the age of 15 years. CONCLUSION: Bullying experiences are connected not only to concurrent psychiatric symptoms but also to future psychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, the probability of being deviant in adolescence is increased if the child has been involved in bullying at elementary school age.     

Assessment of Knowledge and Behavior Change of a High School Positive Deviance Food Safety Curriculum

High school students are a critical audience for food safety. Students may enter the foodservice industry or become primary meal preparers for their families. The positive deviance food safety curriculum was developed based on the messages from the Fight BAC! Campaign. The curriculum is designed for high school students to overcome barriers to safe food handling practices. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the positive deviance approach to change food safety knowledge and behaviors among high school students. Students (n = 218) from two high schools participated in this study. The positive deviance method uses group discussions lead by the teacher who reinforces and praises behaviors, which reflect recommended food handling practices. Measurements included pre‐ and postsurveys, preobservations and postobservation cooking classes, take‐home tasks, and in‐class activities. Results indicated that the curriculum significantly increased students’ food safety knowledge. Specifically, the percentage of students believing that color was a good indicator of meat doneness dropped from 52% to 17% after exposure to the curriculum. When observed, the students’ compliance with recommended behaviors increased. Prior to instruction, most ground beef burgers students cooked did not reach 160°F, while after the intervention, almost all of the burgers reached 160°F or higher. The curriculum will benefit from a revision that emphasizes areas such as how to use, calibrate, and to clean food thermometers.     

英语广告中词汇变异运用探微

语言变异是广告中广泛使用的一种语言手段，这种语言手段的运用可以达到一些意想不到的语用效果，能满足广告制作者推销产品的目的。从分析英语广告中语言变异，特别是词汇变异的运用入手，我们可发现，词汇变异的运用使广告的语言显得更加生动形象，并能更好地实现广告所要达到的注意、兴趣和记忆的语用目的。     

网络暴力对大学生思想和行为的负面影响研究

对网络环境中网络暴力对大学生影响的研究,是有效预防大学生越轨行为以及制定应对策略的基础。本文通过对大学生网络暴力接触情况、大学生越轨行为调查,以及对高校开设思想政治教育课程情况的了解,分析了网络暴力对大学生越轨行为的影响,从而有针对性地提出了相应的对策。     

论新精神分析学在体育越轨行为研究中的应用

体育越轨行为具有认识上的高度复杂性,必须采用合适的理论工具对其进行研究。新精神分析学的理论及方法对于研究体育越轨行为具有极大的价值。新精神分析学应用于体育越轨行为研究的价值在于可以合理分析行为的产生机制、全面认识行为的动力来源及深刻理解个体行为的意义。新精神分析学应用的内涵在于建立以新精神分析哲学体系为基础的哲学方法,以新精神分析的理论和方法研究具体问题。在应用中要注意区分新精神分析与古典精神分析。     

职场排斥对新生代员工偏离行为的影响机制研究：一个被调节的中介模型

本研究综合资源保存理论和认知评估理论视角,探讨中国组织情境中职场排斥对新生代员工偏离行为的作用机理,并对证明目标取向和职业倦怠的中介作用,以及心理安全感的调节作用进行检验。以17家企业中452名员工的有效配对数据为样本,以此构建结构方程模型,并比较适配度来选取最优模型,通过分析路径回归系数对假设做逐项检验。分析结果显示：职场排斥通过证明目标取向负向影响新生代员工偏离行为,并通过职业倦怠正向影响新生代员工偏离行为;心理安全感在职场排斥与新生代员工偏离行为的作用路径中发挥调节效应,心理安全感增强了职场排斥与证明目标取向间的正向关系,削弱了职场排斥与职业倦怠间的正向关系。研究结论为新生代员工偏离行为的影响因素分析提供了一个崭新的理论视角,为企业管理者有效控制和预防新生代员工偏离行为提供了实践启示。     

Moral Education and the Training of Teachers

Abstract

In this study of the relationship between moral behaviour, level of moral development, and motivation, moral behaviour was assessed in an experimental situation in which it was necessary to violate the experimenter's authority to help someone; level of moral development was assessed by Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Scale, and motivation by a post‐experimental interview.

Although 72 per cent of the subjects stated afterwards that they felt that they should help, only 43 per cent did, and only 6 per cent volunteered their own service. As the level of moral development rose, an increasing percentage of subjects helped. Subjects interpreted the same situation differently and were motivated to make the same response for different reasons, which varied with their level of moral development.     

Fit for a Bayesian: An Evaluation of PPP and DIC for Structural Equation Modeling

Despite its importance to structural equation modeling, model evaluation remains underdeveloped in the Bayesian SEM framework. Posterior predictive p-values (PPP) and deviance information criteria (DIC) are now available in popular software for Bayesian model evaluation, but they remain underutilized. This is largely due to the lack of recommendations for their use. To address this problem, PPP and DIC were evaluated in a series of Monte Carlo simulation studies. The results show that both PPP and DIC are influenced by severity of model misspecification, sample size, model size, and choice of prior. The cutoffs PPP < 0.10 and ?DIC > 7 work best in the conditions and models tested here to maintain low false detection rates and misspecified model selection rates, respectively. The recommendations provided in this study will help researchers evaluate their models in a Bayesian SEM analysis and set the stage for future development and evaluation of Bayesian SEM fit indices.