澳大利亚对华政策调整——对比分析2009及2013澳大利亚国防白皮书

2013年5月,澳大利亚公布了新的国防白皮书,其中最引人注目的是明确表示不再将中国视为"威胁",欢迎中国崛起。这与2009年澳大利亚国防白皮书形成鲜明对比,当时澳大利亚认为中国崛起可能构成对地区和平与安全的潜在威胁。澳大利亚对华政策的调整原因颇多,包括澳大利亚经济发展需要中国市场的支持、澳本国战略利益需要、澳民众对中国发展的认可,以及澳政府对过去、当前及未来外交实践的再反思和评估。     

企业无线网络安全问题探究

当3G、4G网络技术在个人终端市场大放异彩的时候,Wi-Fi等无线互联技术的出现也给企业用户带来了前所未有的便利。但与此同时,企业网络中不遵从总体安全策略而使用无线网络的现象给企业网络带来了潜在的安全风险。拟对企业无线网络安全隐患问题进行探究,并提出相应的解决措施,以期使企业无线网络更加安全。     

论社会救助城乡统筹中的政策动力因素

公共政策是一项有力、有效的动力工具。认清公共政策在社会救助城乡统筹中的动力属性,进而提出一个具有生态功能、城乡统筹、层级分工的社会救助政策体系并持之以恒地不断推进与完善,是当前我国实现社会救助城乡统筹的重要动力源和动力手段。     

在基础课教学实验室评估实践中对评估政策执行理论的探讨

本文以高等教育评估政策执行的理论为指导,结合广西壮族自治区高等学校基础课教学实验室评估的实践,探讨评估政策执行的意义、特点、目标、原则和方法。     

公共管理范式下的教育行政创新

公共管理是从20世纪80年代各国政府改革实践和传统公共行政的发展中演化过来的一种新的公共事务管理范式。本文在论述该范式特点的基础上,结合我国目前教育行政及教育发展的实际情况,指出教育行政应该以实现公共教育利益和公众满意为目标,尝试利用市场机制以多种方式提供教育;同时要学习企业的管理模式和技术,提高自身的管理服务水平;借助社会和第三部门的力量;加强制度和教育法制建设,规范教育行政和市场行为,从而提高公共教育管理的能力。     

日本研究生院重点化政策及其对大学组织结构的影响

本文分析了日本研究生院重点化政策产生的背景及其过程,探讨了该政策对大学组织结构及功能的影响,认为该政策通过研究生院实体化,强化了大学的研究功能并使其组织结构趋于合理,从而推动了日本大学从本科教学为主向研究主导型的研究型大学转变.     

从宏观政策层面看我国高等教育经费的筹措与配置

我国高等教育面临办学经费紧张的同时又存在办学资源严重浪费的现象。从宏观政策层面看,政府除加大对高等教育投入外,还应当建立科学的高等教育成本补偿机制,由受教育者合理分担高等教育成本;通过立法鼓励社会公民和企业组织捐资办学,拓宽办学经费筹措渠道,并采取切实有效的措施确保“渠开水满”。     

Cowboy探源与演绎

牛仔是美国的代名词,"牛仔精神"被称为美国精神,就连布什政府的对外政策也被为牛仔政策.从牛仔一词探源入手,纵观美国历史,认为牛仔的表象是男人气概,而实质上,美国牛仔的外衣下包藏着野性和血腥的美国精神.由此也不难理解现在的"牛仔政策"了.     

Driving innovation: Public policy and human capital

Human capital, the set of skills, knowledge, capabilities and attributes embodied in people, is crucial to firms’ capacity to absorb and organize knowledge and to innovate. Research on human capital has traditionally focused on education and training. A concern with the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital such as employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and willingness to change in the workplace (all of which have been shown to drive innovation), has often been overlooked in economic research and by public policy interventions to date. The paper addresses this gap in two ways: First, by studying firms’ human resource systems that can enhance these elements of human capital, and second, using the results of this research as a springboard for a public policy program targeted at elements of human capital that have been ignored by traditional education and training interventions. Using a sample of 1070 employee-managers in Ireland, we apply a series of probit regressions to understand how different human resources systems influence the probability of employee-managers reporting the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital. The research: (1) Finds that respondents in organizations with certain human resource systems are more likely to report motivationally-relevant elements of human capital. Specifically, employee-managers in organizations with proactive work practices and that consult with their employee-managers increase the predicted probability of reporting that they are satisfied with their job, willing to change, and are committed to the organization; (2) Highlights the need to consider the role of policy interventions to support the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital; (3) Proposes a new policy program offer to support the motivationally-relevant elements of human capital in order to increase firms’ innovation activity.     

Methods to account for citation inflation in research evaluation

Quantitative research evaluation requires measures that are transparent, relatively simple, and free of disciplinary and temporal bias. We document and provide a solution to a hitherto unaddressed temporal bias – citation inflation – which arises from the basic fact that scientific publication is steadily growing at roughly 4% per year. Moreover, because the total production of citations grows by a factor of 2 every 12 years, this means that the real value of a citation depends on when it was produced. Consequently, failing to convert nominal citation values into real citation values produces significant mis-measurement of scientific impact. To address this problem, we develop a citation deflator method, outline the steps to generalize and implement it using the Web of Science portal, and analyze a large set of researchers from biology and physics to demonstrate how two common evaluation metrics – total citations and h-index – can differ by a remarkable amount depending on whether the underlying citation counts are deflated or not. In particular, our results show that the scientific impact of prior generations is likely to be significantly underestimated when citations are not deflated, often by 100% or more of the nominal value. Thus, our study points to the need for a systemic overhaul of the counting methods used evaluating citation impact – especially in the case of researchers, journals, and institutions – which can span several decades and thus several doubling periods.