The Hand of God,the Hand of the Devil: a sociological interpretation of Maradona’s hand goal

Based on the moral problem of Maradona’s goal, known as the ‘Hand of God’, this essay presents a theoretical discussion using the perspective of figurational sociology of how game rules and moral rules are related. It does not aim to solve the moral dispute occasioned by actions like the ‘Hand of God’, but concentrates on a much more limited discussion (appealing to far fewer people) in which we strive to reach a proper sociological understanding. Indeed, we believe that the ‘Hand of God’ is a paradigmatic event for sociological reasoning. This is not to claim that sociology can give any final answers, but to suggest the opposite, namely that an understanding of the value of ‘hand goals’ can be very important for understanding the limits of sociological reason.     

The influence of mentoring on the academic trajectory of a 17-year-old Black male college sophomore from the United Kingdom: a single case study

There has been a national- and state-level call for colleges and universities to develop targeted mentoring programs for Black males. However, there is limited published scholarship that has investigated the experiences of non-U.S.-born Black males in these college mentoring programs generally, and at historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) specifically. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative study is to examine the experiences of a 17-year-old Black male college sophomore from the United Kingdom who enrolled in a HBCU male-focused mentoring program. Findings reveal that he benefited from pre-college mentoring as he developed strategies to respond to racist encounters during his K–12 schooling in the United Kingdom. In the university mentoring program, he benefited most from one-on-one mentoring opportunities with university officials. Implications for universities and future research are discussed.     

Research progress of transparent conducting ZnO:Al(ZAO)films

Owing to both of its high carrier concentration and large band gap,ZnO:Al(ZAO)films which is an n-type degenerate semiconductor,exhibits low resistance and high transmittance in the visible range.This work studies the crystal structure,optical and electrical properties and preparation methods of ZAO films,and discusses the existing problems and application prospective of ZAO films.     

Simulated tennis matchplay in a controlled environment

The aim of this study was to develop an exercise protocol to simulate tennis matchplay on a 'category 2' surface. Match analyses were used to form the basis for the design of the protocol. The protocol involved playing against a tennis ball serving machine. Part A of the protocol comprised 92 min 46 s of simulated tennis matchplay; Part B consisted of continuous hitting to the point of 'volitional fatigue' or when the required hitting frequency for two consecutive ball feeds could no longer be maintained. Ten elite tennis players (5 males, 5 females) volunteered to participate in the study, which was performed on an indoor tennis court (Matchplay?, En-Tout-Cas)?. Their age, body mass and estimated maximal oxygen uptake were as follows: males, 21.7±1.0 years, 73.6±2.6 kg and 58.0±1.7 ml?·?kg^?1?·?min^?1, respectively; females, 21.9±1.3 years, 62.3±2.0 kg and 42.2±0.7 ml?·?kg?·?min^?1, respectively (mean±). Heart rate, change in body mass and time to volitional fatigue were monitored. The heart rate responses of the participants to the simulated matchplay (range: 140-157 beats?·?min^?1, 73-81% peak heart rate) were consistent with the results of previous studies, for 'actual' matchplay. This protocol was successful in simulating similar physiological responses in Part A to 'actual' matchplay on a 'category 2' surface, in a controlled environment; it was also a sensitive evaluation tool of skilled performance in Part B. The current protocol may be used as a baseline protocol for studying the influence of, for example, training and dietary intervention on performance.     

Child development in developing countries: child rights and policy implications

The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey was used to provide information on feeding practices, caregiving, discipline and violence, and the home environment for young children across 28 countries. The findings from the series of studies in this Special Section are the first of their kind because they provide information on the most proximal context for development of the youngest children in the majority world using one of the only data sets to study these contexts across countries. Using the framework of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, in particular the Rights to Survival, Development and Protection, findings are explained with implications for international and national-level social policies. Implications are also discussed, with respect to policy makers and the larger international community, who have the obligation to uphold these rights.     

四种作用力的大统一场论已近在眼前

伟大的科学家Einstein曾说他感觉到自然界有统一性,他说“这是一种壮丽的感觉”,他首先提倡研究四种作用力的统一场论,提出过“黎曼空间几何统一场论”[1,2],未能成功。后来也有人提出“量子统一场论”[3],“规范统一场论”[4],“弱-电统一场论”[5,6,7],“三种力统一场论”[8]     

Child development in developing countries: introduction and methods

The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) is a nationally representative, internationally comparable household survey implemented to examine protective and risk factors of child development in developing countries around the world. This introduction describes the conceptual framework, nature of the MICS3, and general analytic plan of articles in this Special Section. The articles that follow describe the situations of children with successive foci on nutrition, parenting, discipline and violence, and the home environment. They address 2 common questions: How do developing and underresearched countries in the world vary with respect to these central indicators of children’s development? How do key indicators of national development relate to child development in each of these substantive areas? The Special Section concludes with policy implications from the international findings.     

从夸饰与虚构的运用看《战国策》的文学价值

具有重要史料价值的《战国策》,因大量纵横游说之辞中对夸饰与虚构手法的运用而富有浓厚的学色彩,其夸饰与虚构的体现形式多种多样。《战国策》的学成就,在先秦史传学中,许多方面具有独创性,对后世学的发展产生过深元的影响。     

Predatory Journals in the Criminal Justices Sciences: Getting our Cite on the Target

The advent of Open-Access publishing has opened the door to predatory journals. While many Open-Access publishers are trustworthy, not all of them are guided by legitimate or altruistic motives. When publishers become beholden to authors, rather than readers, the incentive and motivation to uphold and preserve integrity in research and scholarship is eroded. All disciplines would benefit from institutional and peer reviews of open-access journals listed as potentially, possibly, or probably predatory, and from a list of institutionally sanctioned acceptable-journals, prior to submitting their work for publication. At present, these protections do not seem to exist. Criminology/Criminal Justice researchers are being solicited by, and are published in predatory journals, which hold little scholarly value or credibility, resulting in serious negative ramifications for tenure and promotion. This exploratory study utilizes two surveys to assess knowledge and perceptions of predatory journals among criminal justice and criminology authors who have published in a predatory journal, and ACJS and ASC members.